Id%Version%Family%Infra family%Hybrid genus%Genus%Infra genus%Hybrid%Species%Species author%Infra species%Rank%Authors%Basionym author%Publishing author%Full name%Full name without family%Full name without authors%Full name without family and authors%Reference%Publication%Collation%Remarks%Hybrid parents%Basionym%Replaced synonym%Distribution%Citation type%Bibliographic reference%Bibliographic type info%Collection date as text%Collection day1%Collection month1%Collection year1%Collection day2%Collection month2%Collection year2%Collection number%Collector team as text%Geographic unit as text%Locality%Latitude degrees%Latitude minutes%Latitude seconds%North or south%Longitude degrees%Longitude minutes%Longitude seconds%East or west%Type remarks%Type name%Type locations%Name status%Original taxon name%Original taxon name author team%Original replaced synonym%Original replaced synonym author team%Original basionym%Original basionym author team%Original parent citation taxon name author team%Original taxon distribution%Original hybrid parentage%Original cited type%Original remarks%Nomenclatural synonym%Other links
18703-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%%%%gen.%Aiton%%Aiton%Perotis Aiton%Perotis Aiton%Perotis%Perotis%Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 1: 85; 3: 506. 1789 %Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton]%1: 85; 3: 506%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 1123. XYSTIDIUM, Trin. Fund. Agrost. 102 (1820).{correction added when editing for database}%%
984210-1%1.2.1.3%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%acanthoneuron%%%spec.%Cope%%Cope%Perotis acanthoneuron Cope%Perotis acanthoneuron Cope%Perotis acanthoneuron%Perotis acanthoneuron%Kew Bull. 50(3): 611. 1995 [12 Sep 1995] %Kew Bull.%50(3): 611%%%%%Somalia.%tax. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Somalia.%%%%%
77138752-1%1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%arenacea%%%spec.%(Judz.) P.M.Peterson%(Judz.)%P.M.Peterson%Perotis arenacea (Judz.) P.M.Peterson%Perotis arenacea (Judz.) P.M.Peterson%Perotis arenacea%Perotis arenacea%Taxon 63(2): 284. 2014 [28 Apr 2014] %Taxon%63(2): 284%doi:10.12705/632.35%%Poaceae Toliara arenacea Judz.%%%comb. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415486-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%birmanica%%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Perotis birmanica Gand.%Perotis birmanica Gand.%Perotis birmanica%Perotis birmanica%Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 301, in clavi. 1920 [1919 publ. 1920] %Bull. Soc. Bot. France%66: 301, in clavi%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Burma%%
415487-1%1.3.1.1%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%burmanni%%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Perotis burmanni Steud.%Perotis burmanni Steud.%Perotis burmanni%Perotis burmanni%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel] 605. 1821 %Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%605%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415488-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%chinensis%%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Perotis chinensis Gand.%Perotis chinensis Gand.%Perotis chinensis%Perotis chinensis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 301, in clavi. 1920 [1919 publ. 1920] %Bull. Soc. Bot. France%66: 301, in clavi%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%China (Chihli)%%
961528-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%clarksonii%%%spec.%Veldkamp%%Veldkamp%Perotis clarksonii Veldkamp%Perotis clarksonii Veldkamp%Perotis clarksonii%Perotis clarksonii%Austrobaileya 3(4): 609 (1992). %Austrobaileya%3(4): 609 (1992)%%%%%Australia (Queensland).%tax. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Australia (Queensland).%%%%%
190577-2%1.5%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%cubana%%%spec.%C.Wright%%C.Wright%Perotis cubana C.Wright%Perotis cubana C.Wright%Perotis cubana%Perotis cubana%Anales Acad. Ci. Med. Habana 8:288. 1871 %Anales Acad. Ci. Med. Habana%8:288%[Gandhi; MO 85: 420]%%%%Santiago de Cuba (Cuba, Caribbean, Southern America)%tax. nov.%%%%%%%%%%735%C.Wright%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415492-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%flavidodula%%%spec.%Mez%%Mez%Perotis flavidodula Mez%Perotis flavidodula Mez%Perotis flavidodula%Perotis flavidodula%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 145. 1921 %Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 145%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Afr. or%%
415493-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%glabrata%%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Perotis glabrata Steud.%Perotis glabrata Steud.%Perotis glabrata%Perotis glabrata%Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1(3): 186. 1854 [1855 publ. 12-13 Apr 1854] %Syn. Pl. Glumac.%1(3): 186%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415494-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%hildebrandtii%%%spec.%Mez%%Mez%Perotis hildebrandtii Mez%Perotis hildebrandtii Mez%Perotis hildebrandtii%Perotis hildebrandtii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 145. 1921 %Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 145%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Afr. or.; Zanzibar%%
415495-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%holstii%%%spec.%Mez%%Mez%Perotis holstii Mez%Perotis holstii Mez%Perotis holstii%Perotis holstii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 145. 1921 %Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 145%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Afr. or%%
415496-1%1.5%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%hordeiformis%%%spec.%Nees ex Steud.%%Nees ex Steud.%Perotis hordeiformis Nees ex Steud.%Perotis hordeiformis Nees ex Steud.%Perotis hordeiformis%Perotis hordeiformis%Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2. 2: 306; et ex Trin. in Mem. Acad. Petersb. Ser. 6, 6(2):  267 (1845). 1841 %Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2.%2: 306; et ex Trin. in Mem. Acad. Petersb. Ser. 6, 6(2):  267 (1845)%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Zeylan%%
415497-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%hordeiformis%%%spec.%Nees ex Steud.%%Nees ex Steud.%Perotis hordeiformis Nees ex Steud.%Perotis hordeiformis Nees ex Steud.%Perotis hordeiformis%Perotis hordeiformis%Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2. ii. 306. %Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 306%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415498-1%1.2.2.1.1.1.2.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%hordeiformis%%%spec.%Nees%%Nees%Perotis hordeiformis Nees%Perotis hordeiformis Nees%Perotis hordeiformis%Perotis hordeiformis%Bot. Beechey Voy. 248. 1838 [Jul 1838] %Bot. Beechey Voy.%248%See page 220, descriptions of Cyperaceae and Gramineae not in brackets are attributed to Nees alone.%%%%%tax. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Himal%%
415499-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%humbertii%%%spec.%A.Camus%%A.Camus%Perotis humbertii A.Camus%Perotis humbertii A.Camus%Perotis humbertii%Perotis humbertii%Bull. Soc. Bot. France 107: 206. 1960 %Bull. Soc. Bot. France%107: 206%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Madag%%
167554-3%1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%indica%%%spec.%(L.) Kuntze%(L.)%Kuntze%Perotis indica (L.) Kuntze%Perotis indica (L.) Kuntze%Perotis indica%Perotis indica%Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 787. 1891 %Revis. Gen. Pl.%2: 787%%%Poaceae Anthoxanthum indicum L.%%%comb. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%167554%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415500-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%indica%%%spec.%Schum%%Schum%Perotis indica Schum%Perotis indica Schum%Perotis indica%Perotis indica%Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 22, 29. ; et in Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr.%Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin%1894: 22, 29%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%(1895) 99 =latifolia Ait%%
1019489-1%1.6.2.1%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%indica%Schum%keelakaraiensis%var.%P.Umam. & P.Daniel%%P.Umam. & P.Daniel%Perotis indica var. keelakaraiensis P.Umam. & P.Daniel%Perotis indica var. keelakaraiensis P.Umam. & P.Daniel%Perotis indica var. keelakaraiensis%Perotis indica var. keelakaraiensis%J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 23(3): 691 (1999). %J. Econ. Taxon. Bot.%23(3): 691 (1999)%%%%%India (Tamil Nadu).%tax. nov.%%%15 Dec 1995%%%%%%%106547%P. Daniel; P. Umamaheswari%%Ramanathapuram Distr., Keelakarai%%%%%%%%%%%holotype Central National Herbarium;isotype MH%%%%%%%%%India (Tamil Nadu).%%%%%
415501-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%latifolia%%%spec.%Aiton%%Aiton%Perotis latifolia Aiton%Perotis latifolia Aiton%Perotis latifolia%Perotis latifolia%Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 1: 85. 1789 %Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton]%1: 85%%%%%%nom. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%nom. illeg. nom. superfl.%%%%%%%%%%%Ind. or.; Japon%%
415502-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%latifolia%%%spec.%Eckl. ex Steud.%%Eckl. ex Steud.%Perotis latifolia Eckl. ex Steud.%Perotis latifolia Eckl. ex Steud.%Perotis latifolia%Perotis latifolia%Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2. ii. 306. %Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 306%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
77244346-1%1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%laxifolia%%%spec.%P.Beauv.%%P.Beauv.%Perotis laxifolia P.Beauv.%Perotis laxifolia P.Beauv.%Perotis laxifolia%Perotis laxifolia%Ess. Agrostogr. 6. 1812 (1812) %Ess. Agrostogr.%6%%%%%%tax. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415503-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%leptopus%%%spec.%Pilg.%%Pilg.%Perotis leptopus Pilg.%Perotis leptopus Pilg.%Perotis leptopus%Perotis leptopus%Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 804. 1933 %Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem%11: 804%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Tanganyika Terr%%
415504-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%longiflora%%%spec.%Nees ex Hook. & Arn.%%Nees ex Hook. & Arn.%Perotis longiflora Nees ex Hook. & Arn.%Perotis longiflora Nees ex Hook. & Arn.%Perotis longiflora%Perotis longiflora%Bot. Beechey Voy. 247. 1838 [Jul 1838] %Bot. Beechey Voy.%247%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%China%%
415506-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%macrantha%%%spec.%Honda%%Honda%Perotis macrantha Honda%Perotis macrantha Honda%Perotis macrantha%Perotis macrantha%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 638. 1927 %Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%41: 638%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Formosa%%
77138753-1%1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%ornithocephala%%%spec.%(Hook.) P.M.Peterson%(Hook.)%P.M.Peterson%Perotis ornithocephala (Hook.) P.M.Peterson%Perotis ornithocephala (Hook.) P.M.Peterson%Perotis ornithocephala%Perotis ornithocephala%Taxon 63(2): 284. 2014 [28 Apr 2014] %Taxon%63(2): 284%doi:10.12705/632.35%%Poaceae Holboellia ornithocephala Hook.%%%comb. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415507-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%patens%%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Perotis patens Gand.%Perotis patens Gand.%Perotis patens%Perotis patens%Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 301, in clavi. 1920 [1919 publ. 1920] %Bull. Soc. Bot. France%66: 301, in clavi%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Natal%%
77287137-1%1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%patens%Gand.%parvispicula%var.%Robyns & Tournay%%Robyns & Tournay%Perotis patens var. parvispicula Robyns & Tournay%Perotis patens var. parvispicula Robyns & Tournay%Perotis patens var. parvispicula%Perotis patens var. parvispicula%Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 25: 241. 1955 %Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles%25: 241%%%%%%tax. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415508-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%patula%%%spec.%Nees ex Steud.%%Nees ex Steud.%Perotis patula Nees ex Steud.%Perotis patula Nees ex Steud.%Perotis patula%Perotis patula%Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2. ii. 306. %Nomencl. Bot.  [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 306%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415509-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%patula%%%spec.%Nees ex Hook. & Arn.%%Nees ex Hook. & Arn.%Perotis patula Nees ex Hook. & Arn.%Perotis patula Nees ex Hook. & Arn.%Perotis patula%Perotis patula%Bot. Beechey Voy. 247, 248, in obs. 1838 [Jul 1838] %Bot. Beechey Voy.%247, 248, in obs.%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%China (Kwangtung)%%
415510-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%perrottetii%%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Perotis perrottetii Gand.%Perotis perrottetii Gand.%Perotis perrottetii%Perotis perrottetii%Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 301, in clavi. 1920 [1919 publ. 1920] %Bull. Soc. Bot. France%66: 301, in clavi%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Ind. or. (Madras)%%
415511-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%phleoides%%%spec.%Hack.%%Hack.%Perotis phleoides Hack.%Perotis phleoides Hack.%Perotis phleoides%Perotis phleoides%Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich xlix. 171. %Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich%xlix. 171%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Afr. austr%%
984211-1%1.2.1.3%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%pilosa%%%spec.%Cope%%Cope%Perotis pilosa Cope%Perotis pilosa Cope%Perotis pilosa%Perotis pilosa%Kew Bull. 50(3): 613. 1995 [12 Sep 1995] %Kew Bull.%50(3): 613%%%%%Kenya.%tax. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Kenya.%%%%%
415512-1%1.1.5.1.1.1%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%polystachya%%%spec.%Willd.%%Willd.%Perotis polystachya Willd.%Perotis polystachya Willd.%Perotis polystachya%Perotis polystachya%Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1(1): 324. 1797 [Jun 1797] %Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow]%1(1): 324%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415513-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%rara%%%spec.%R.Br.%%R.Br.%Perotis rara R.Br.%Perotis rara R.Br.%Perotis rara%Perotis rara%Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 172. 1810 [27 Mar 1810] %Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.%172.%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Austral%%
123477-3%1.1.2.1.1.1%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%rara%%euryphylla%var.%Domin%%Domin%Perotis rara var. euryphylla Domin%Perotis rara var. euryphylla Domin%Perotis rara var. euryphylla%Perotis rara var. euryphylla%J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 41  1912 %J. Linn. Soc., Bot.%%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%123477%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
123511-3%1.3%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%rara%%rara%var.%R.Br.%%R.Br.%Perotis rara var. rara R.Br.%Perotis rara var. rara R.Br.%Perotis rara var. rara%Perotis rara var. rara%J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 41  1912 %J. Linn. Soc., Bot.%%Autonym.%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%123511%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
123523-3%1.1.2.1.1.1%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%rara%%typica%var.%Domin%%Domin%Perotis rara var. typica Domin%Perotis rara var. typica Domin%Perotis rara var. typica%Perotis rara var. typica%Biblioth. Bot. 89(4)  1915 %Biblioth. Bot.%85: 285%<IT>nom. inval. <RO>as this is the type variety.%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%123523%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415515-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%scabra%%%spec.%Willd. ex Trin.%%Willd. ex Trin.%Perotis scabra Willd. ex Trin.%Perotis scabra Willd. ex Trin.%Perotis scabra%Perotis scabra%Gram. Unifl. Sesquifl. 172. 1824 [late Oct or 1 Nov 1824] %Gram. Unifl. Sesquifl.%172.%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Afr. trop%%
415517-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%somalensis%%%spec.%Chiov.%%Chiov.%Perotis somalensis Chiov.%Perotis somalensis Chiov.%Perotis somalensis%Perotis somalensis%Res. Sci. Somalia Ital. 1: 182. 1916 ; also see Stefan. & Paoli, Miss. Somal. Ital. Merid., Relaz. 244, nomen.%Res. Sci. Somalia Ital.%1: 182%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Somaliland%%
415519-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%spicata%%%spec.%T.Durand & H.Durand%%T.Durand & H.Durand%Perotis spicata T.Durand & H.Durand%Perotis spicata T.Durand & H.Durand%Perotis spicata%Perotis spicata%Syll. Fl. Congol. 628 (1909). %Syll. Fl. Congol.%628 (1909)%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Saccharum spicatum%%
415518-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%spiciformis%%%spec.%Beauv. ex Steud.%%Beauv. ex Steud.%Perotis spiciformis Beauv. ex Steud.%Perotis spiciformis Beauv. ex Steud.%Perotis spiciformis%Perotis spiciformis%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel] 605. 1821 %Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%605%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
415520-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%transvaalensis%%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Perotis transvaalensis Gand.%Perotis transvaalensis Gand.%Perotis transvaalensis%Perotis transvaalensis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 301, in clavi. 1920 [1919 publ. 1920] %Bull. Soc. Bot. France%66: 301, in clavi%%%%%%unknown%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Transvaal%%
415521-1%1.4%Poaceae%%N%Perotis%%N%vaginata%%%spec.%Hack.%%Hack.%Perotis vaginata Hack.%Perotis vaginata Hack.%Perotis vaginata%Perotis vaginata%Bull. Herb. Boissier sér. 2, 6: 704. 1906 %Bull. Herb. Boissier%sér. 2, 6: 704%%%%%%tax. nov.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Afr. trop%%