Id%Version%Family%Infra family%Hybrid genus%Genus%Infra genus%Rank%Authors%Basionym author%Publishing author%Full name without family and authors%Publication%Collation%Publication year full%Name status%Remarks%Basionym%Replaced synonym%Nomenclatural synonym%Distribution%Citation type 120884-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%gen.%L.%%L.%Viola%Gen. Pl., ed. 5 [Linnaeus]%%1754%%%%%%%unknown 30000540-2%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%gen.%L.%%L.%Viola%Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus]%2: 933%1753%%; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 402. 1754%%%%%tax. nov. 77319920-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%abyssinium%sect.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola sect. Abyssinium%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 42%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 1009391-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%adnatae%sect.%(W.Becker) Vl.V.Nikitin%(W.Becker)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola sect. Adnatae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 132%1998%%%Violaceae Viola viola grex adnatae%%%%comb. nov. 3009391-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%adnatae%sect.%(W.Becker) Vl.V.Nikitin%(W.Becker)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola sect. Adnatae%et in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 222 (1998), isonym;%1998%%%Violaceae Viola viola grex adnatae%%%%comb. nov. 5009391-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%adnatae%sect.%(W.Becker) Vl.V.Nikitin%(W.Becker)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola sect. Adnatae%see C.J. Wang in Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin.%51: 41 (1991):%1998%%%Violaceae Viola viola grex adnatae%%%%comb. nov. 957615-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%adnatae%sect.%(W.Beck.) Ching J.Wang%(W.Beck.)%Ching J.Wang%Viola sect. Adnatae%Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.%51: 41 (1991):%1991%%%%%%%comb. nov. 77234490-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%amuricae%subsect.%Espeut%%Espeut%Viola subsect. Amuricae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 34%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%%%%%tax. nov. 77334722-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%andinium%sect.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola sect. Andinium%Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engler & Prantl]%21: 374%1925%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1002012-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%arction%sect.%Juz. ex Zuev%%Juz. ex Zuev%Viola sect. Arction%Fl. Sibir. (Geraniac.-Cornac.)%10: 96 (1996), without type.%1996%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1001878-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%arosulatae%sect.%(Borbás) Zuev%(Borbás)%Zuev%Viola sect. Arosulatae%Fl. Sibir. (Geraniac.-Cornac.)%10: 88 (1996):%1996%%%Violaceae Viola subsect. Arosulatae%%%%comb. nov. 20000352-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%arosulatae%superser.%(Borbás) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Borbás)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola superser. Arosulatae%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%33: 178 (2001)%2001%%%Violaceae Viola group Arosulatae Borbás%%%%comb. nov. 1017095-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%arvenses%subser.%(Drabble) Espeut%(Drabble)%Espeut%Viola subser. Arvenses%Monde Pl.%464: 37%1999%%%Violaceae Viola sect. Arvenses%%%%comb. nov. 77319928-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%australasiaticae%subsect.%(Okamoto) Marcussen%(Okamoto)%Marcussen%Viola subsect. Australasiaticae%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 74%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%Violaceae Viola ser. Australasiaticae Okamoto%%%%comb. nov. 973985-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%australasiaticae%ser.%Okamoto%%Okamoto%Viola ser. Australasiaticae%Taxon%42(4): 784%1993%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77222731-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%barroetaneae%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Barroetaneae%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19(nos. 552-555): 397%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 314442-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%boreali-americanae%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Boreali-americanae%Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engler & Prantl]%21: 369%1925%isonym%%%%%%tax. nov. 77222610-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%boreali-americanae%subsect.%(W.Becker) Val.N.Tikhom.%(W.Becker)%Val.N.Tikhom.%Viola subsect. Boreali-americanae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%100(5): 497%2015%isonym “Viola [infragen.unranked] Boreali-americanae W.Becker (1924)” is a valid name; “Viola [infragen.unranked] Boreali-americanae W.Becker (1925)” is an isonym and does not have a reference to the 1924 publication; “Viola subsect. Boreali-americanae (W.Becker) Gil-ad (1997)” was based on the 1925 publication, and the reference to the basionym is a correctable error; Tikhomirov (2015) treated “Viola subsect. Boreali-americanae (W.Becker) Gil-ad (1997)” as an invalid name and published “Viola subsect. Boreali-americanae (W.Becker) Val.N.Tikhom.” and thus made an isonym%%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Boreali-americanae W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 77222728-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%boreali-americanae%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Boreali-americanae%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19(nos. 552-555): 396%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77234505-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%boreali-americanae%sect.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola sect. Boreali-americanae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 35%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113 Repert. Spec. 19: 396 (1924)?%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Boreali-americanae W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 998564-1%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%boreali-americanae%subsect.%(W.Becker) Gil-ad%(W.Becker)%Gil-ad%Viola subsect. Boreali-americanae%Boissiera%53: 42 (1997):%1997%%%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Boreali-americanae W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 77234488-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%brachycerae%sect.%Espeut%%Espeut%Viola sect. Brachycerae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 32%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%%%%%tax. nov. 77319929-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%bulbosae%subsect.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola subsect. Bulbosae%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 75%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 1017092-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%calcaratae%ser.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola ser. Calcaratae%Monde Pl.%464: 37%1999%%%Viola [unranked] calcaratae%%%%comb. nov. 60463374-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%chamaemelanium%sect.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola sect. Chamaemelanium%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 300%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60466786-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%chamaemelanium%sect.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola sect. Chamaemelanium%Mém. Viol.%[28]%1823%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77319926-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%clausenianae%subsect.%H.E.Ballard%%H.E.Ballard%Viola subsect. Clausenianae%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 66%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 77319922-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%cleistogamae%subsect.%Marcussen & Danihelka%%Marcussen & Danihelka%Viola subsect. Cleistogamae%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 58%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224 Publ. as: Viola sect. Melanium subsect. Cleistogamae%%%%%tax. nov. 1009383-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%cuneatifoliae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Cuneatifoliae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 130, as 'Cuneatofoliae'%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1009395-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%dacicae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Dacicae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 135%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77145095-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%danxiaviola%sect.%W.B.Liao & Q.Fan%%W.B.Liao & Q.Fan%Viola sect. Danxiaviola%Phytotaxa%197(1): 19%2015%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.197.1.2%%%%%tax. nov. 1009396-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%declinatae%ser.%Klokov ex Vl.V.Nikitin%%Klokov ex Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Declinatae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 135%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1009379-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%denticulatae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Denticulatae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 129%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 957619-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%diffusae%sect.%(W.Beck.) Ching J.Wang%(W.Beck.)%Ching J.Wang%Viola sect. Diffusae%Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.%51: 100 (1991):%1991%%%Viola Gruppe diffusae%%%%comb. nov. 60466784-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%dischidium%sect.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola sect. Dischidium%Mém. Viol.%[28]%1823%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60466787-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%dischidium%subgen.%(Ging.) Heer%(Ging.)%Heer%Viola subgen. Dischidium%Mitth. Geb. Theor. Erdk.%1: 452%1836%%%Violaceae Viola sect. Dischidium Ging.%%%%stat. nov. 77319923-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%dispares%subsect.%Marcussen & Danihelka%%Marcussen & Danihelka%Viola subsect. Dispares%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 58%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224 Publ. as: Viola sect. Melanium subsect. Dispares%%%%%tax. nov. 1009399-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%ebracteatae%ser.%(Kupffer) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Kupffer)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Ebracteatae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 135%1998%%%Violaceae Viola subsect. Ebracteatae%%%%comb. nov. 1017090-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%eflagellatae%subsect.%(Kitt. ex Juz.) Espeut%(Kitt. ex Juz.)%Espeut%Viola subsect. Eflagellatae%Monde Pl.%464: 37, basionym not validly publ.:%1999%%%Viola [unranked] eflagellatae%%%%comb. nov. 1009382-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%elatiores%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Elatiores%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 130%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77222732-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%erectae%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Erectae%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19(nos. 552-555): 397%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 957621-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%erectae%sect.%(W.Beck.) Ching J.Wang%(W.Beck.)%Ching J.Wang%Viola sect. Erectae%Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.%51: 123 (1991):%1991%%%%%%%comb. nov. 77320018-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%ericoidium%sect.%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%Viola sect. Ericoidium%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 189%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 120974-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%erpetion%sect.%(Sweet) Benth. & Hook.f.%(Sweet)%Benth. & Hook.f.%Viola sect. Erpetion%Genera Plantarum 1%%1838%%%Violaceae Erpetion DC. ex Sweet%%%%comb. nov. 77081040-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%erpetion%subgen.%(Sweet) Y.S.Chen%(Sweet)%Y.S.Chen%Viola subgen. Erpetion%Fl. China%13: 111%2007%%%Violaceae Erpetion DC. ex Sweet%%%%stat. nov. 1009392-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%estolonosae%sect.%(Kupffer) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Kupffer)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola sect. Estolonosae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 132%1998%%%Violaceae Viola viola grex estolonosae%%%%comb. nov. 3009392-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%estolonosae%sect.%(Kupffer) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Kupffer)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola sect. Estolonosae%et in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 222 (1998):%1998%%%Violaceae Viola viola grex estolonosae%%%%comb. nov. 1009381-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%fimbriatae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Fimbriatae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 129%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77222733-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%flagelliformes%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Flagelliformes%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19(nos. 552-555): 397%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77319969-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%formosanae%subsect.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola subsect. Formosanae%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 76%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224 Publ. as: Viola sect. Plagiostigma subsect. Formosanae. Publ. as a comb. et stat. nov, but basionym not validly published and the requirements for publication as a new taxon are met.%%%%%tax. nov. 77320020-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%grandiflos%sect.%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%Viola sect. Grandiflos%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 190%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77234461-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%grypocerae%subsect.%Espeut%%Espeut%Viola subsect. Grypocerae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 16%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%%%%%tax. nov. 77319921-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%himalayum%sect.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola sect. Himalayum%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 51%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 1009387-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%hirtae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Hirtae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 131%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1009398-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%hymettianae%ser.%Klokov ex Vl.V.Nikitin%%Klokov ex Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Hymettianae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 135%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1019283-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%icmasion%sect.%Juz. ex Tzvelev%%Juz. ex Tzvelev%Viola sect. Icmasion%Opred. Sosud. Rast. Severo-Zap. Rossii%679 (2000), without latin descr.%2000%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77320023-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%inconspicuiflos%sect.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola sect. Inconspicuiflos%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 192%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1009400-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%infudibulares%subsect.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola subsect. Infudibulares%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 136%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 975009-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%jeniseenses%ser.%Zuev%%Zuev%Viola ser. Jeniseenses%Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol.%98(4): 104 (1993).%1993%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77234501-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%kitamianae%sect.%Espeut%%Espeut%Viola sect. Kitamianae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 39%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%%%%%tax. nov. 1009385-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%lacteae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Lacteae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 130%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77234495-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%langsdorffianae%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Langsdorffianae%Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engler & Prantl]%21(2): 368%1925%%n.v.%%%%%tax. nov. 77234496-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%langsdorffianae%sect.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola sect. Langsdorffianae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 35%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Langsdorffianae W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 60463376-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%lepidium%sect.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola sect. Lepidium%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 302%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 957620-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%longicalcaratae%sect.%(W.Beck.) Ching J.Wang%(W.Beck.)%Ching J.Wang%Viola sect. Longicalcaratae%Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.%51: 119 (1991):%1991%%%Viola Untergrouppe longicalcaratae%%%%comb. nov. 975007-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%macrocerae%ser.%Zuev%%Zuev%Viola ser. Macrocerae%Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol.%98(4): 103 (1993).%1993%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1009394-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%melanium%subsect.%(Ging.) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Ging.)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola subsect. Melanium%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 135%1998%%%Violaceae Viola sect. Melanium%%%%comb. nov. 1009397-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%melanium%ser.%(Ging.) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Ging.)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Melanium%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 135%1998%%%Violaceae Viola sect. Melanium%%%%comb. nov. 121011-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%melanium%sect.%DC.%%DC.%Viola sect. Melanium%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%%1824%%%%%%%unknown 60463375-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%melanium%sect.%DC. ex Ging.%%DC. ex Ging.%Viola sect. Melanium%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 301%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60466789-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%melanium%subgen.%(DC. ex Ging.) Heer%(DC. ex Ging.)%Heer%Viola subgen. Melanium%Mitth. Geb. Theor. Erdk.%1: 452%1836%%%Violaceae Viola sect. Melanium DC. ex Ging.%%%%stat. nov. 77319924-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%melvio%sect.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola sect. Melvio%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 60%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 77222729-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%mexicanae%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Mexicanae%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19(nos. 552-555): 396%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77234503-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%mexicanae%sect.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola sect. Mexicanae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 35%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113 Cites basionym as V. [unranked] Mexicanae W. Becker in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed.2, 21(2): 369. 1925; n.v., presumably same name, may have reference to earlier citation.%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Mexicanae W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 77319967-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%mexicanae%subsect.%(W.Becker) Marcussen & H.E.Ballard%(W.Becker)%Marcussen & H.E.Ballard%Viola subsect. Mexicanae%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 68%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Mexicanae W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 1001875-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%mirabiles%sect.%(Nyman) Zuev%(Nyman)%Zuev%Viola sect. Mirabiles%Fl. Sibir. (Geraniac.-Cornac.)%10: 86 (1996), with incorrect basionym ref.%1996%%%Violaceae Viola subsect. Mirabiles%%%%comb. nov. 1009386-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%mirabiles%sect.%(Nyman ex Borbás) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Nyman ex Borbás)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola sect. Mirabiles%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 130%1998%%%Violaceae Viola viola grex mirabiles%%%%comb. nov. 3009386-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%mirabiles%sect.%(Nyman ex Borbás) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Nyman ex Borbás)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola sect. Mirabiles%et in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 217 (1998):%1998%%%Violaceae Viola viola grex mirabiles%%%%comb. nov. 77319925-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nematocaulon%sect.%Marcussen, Nicola, J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & H.E.Ballard%%Marcussen, Nicola, J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & H.E.Ballard%Viola sect. Nematocaulon%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 61%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 77319919-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%neoandinium%subgen.%Marcussen, Nicola, Danihelka, H.E.Ballard, A.R.Flores & J.M.Watson%%Marcussen, Nicola, Danihelka, H.E.Ballard, A.R.Flores & J.M.Watson%Viola subgen. Neoandinium%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 38%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 77320016-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%neoandinium%subgen.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola subgen. Neoandinium%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 10%2022%%%%%%%nom. et stat. nov. 60463372-2%1.1.5.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nomimium%sect.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola sect. Nomimium%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 291%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60466785-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nomimium%sect.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola sect. Nomimium%Mém. Viol.%[28]%1823%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60466788-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nomimium%subgen.%(Ging.) Heer%(Ging.)%Heer%Viola subgen. Nomimium%Mitth. Geb. Theor. Erdk.%1: 452%1836%%%Violaceae Viola sect. Nomimium Ging.%%%%stat. nov. 77234493-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nosphinium%sect.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola sect. Nosphinium%Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engler & Prantl]%21(2): 374%1925%%n.v.%%%%%tax. nov. 77234494-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nosphinium%subgen.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola subgen. Nosphinium%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 34%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola sect. Nosphinium W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 77319927-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nosphinium%subsect.%(W.Becker) Marcussen & H.E.Ballard%(W.Becker)%Marcussen & H.E.Ballard%Viola subsect. Nosphinium%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 68%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%Violaceae Viola sect. Nosphinium W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 77234497-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nudicaules%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Nudicaules%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%36(2): 45%1918%%As untergruppe under Sect. Chamaemelanium Ging.%%%%%tax. nov. 77234498-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%nudicaules%subsect.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola subsect. Nudicaules%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 36%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Nudicaules W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 1009403-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%occultae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Occultae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 136%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1017094-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%parvulae%subser.%(Klokov) Espeut%(Klokov)%Espeut%Viola subser. Parvulae%Monde Pl.%464: 37, basionym not validly publ.:%1999%%%Violaceae Viola ser. Parvulae%%%%comb. nov. 77234507-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pedatae%[infragen.unranked]%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola [infragen.unranked] Pedatae%Bot. Gaz.%26: 327%1898%%As Class Pedatae under Viola Sect. I.%%%%%tax. nov. 77234508-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pedatae%sect.%(Pollard) Espeut%(Pollard)%Espeut%Viola sect. Pedatae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 35%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Pedatae Pollard%%%%stat. nov. 77319968-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pedatae%subsect.%(Pollard) Brizicky ex Marcussen & H.E.Ballard%(Pollard)%Brizicky ex Marcussen & H.E.Ballard%Viola subsect. Pedatae%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 69%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Pedatae Pollard%%%%stat. nov. 50426247-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pinnatae%subsect.%(W.Becker) Vl.V.Nikitin%(W.Becker)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola subsect. Pinnatae%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%34: 125 (20 June 2002)%2002%%%Violaceae Viola Gruppe Pinnatae W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 50961806-1%1.1.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pinnatae%Gruppe%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola Gruppe Pinnatae%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%40(2): 119%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 957616-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pinnatae%sect.%(W.Becker) Ching J.Wang%(W.Becker)%Ching J.Wang%Viola sect. Pinnatae%Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.%51: 76 (1991):%1991%%%Violaceae Viola Gruppe Pinnatae W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 77319965-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pseudorupestres%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Pseudorupestres%Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engler & Prantl]%21: 372%1925%%Name added via basionym reference. Protologue not seen by the IPNI editors.%%%%%tax. nov. 77319966-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pseudorupestres%subsect.%(W.Becker) Marcussen & Danihelka%(W.Becker)%Marcussen & Danihelka%Viola subsect. Pseudorupestres%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 59%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Pseudorupestres W.Becker%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 1009388-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%pyrenaicae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Pyrenaicae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 131%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77234491-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%raddeanae%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Raddeanae%Fl. Aziat. Ross.%8: 85%1915%%n.v.; given as rank 'Колeно'.%%%%%tax. nov. 77234492-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%raddeanae%subsect.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola subsect. Raddeanae%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 34%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola [infragen.unranked] Raddeanae W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 77320024-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%relictium%sect.%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%Viola sect. Relictium%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 193%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77320019-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%rhizomandimium%sect.%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%Viola sect. Rhizomandimium%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 190%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1001877-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%rosulantes%sect.%(Borbás) Zuev%(Borbás)%Zuev%Viola sect. Rosulantes%Fl. Sibir. (Geraniac.-Cornac.)%10: 87 (1996):%1996%%%Violaceae Viola subsect. Rosulantes%%%%comb. nov. 20000351-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%rosulantes%superser.%(Borbás) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Borbás)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola superser. Rosulantes%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%33: 178 (2001)%2001%%%Violaceae Viola group Rosulantes Borbás%%%%comb. nov. 1009380-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%rupestres%ser.%Juz. ex Vl.V.Nikitin%%Juz. ex Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Rupestres%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 129%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1009389-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%scotophyllae%ser.%Juz. ex Vl.V.Nikitin%%Juz. ex Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Scotophyllae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 132%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77320017-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%sempervivum%sect.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola sect. Sempervivum%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 188%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 957618-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%serpentes%sect.%(W.Beck.) Ching J.Wang%(W.Beck.)%Ching J.Wang%Viola sect. Serpentes%Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.%51: 88 (1991):%1991%%%Viola Gruppe serpentes%%%%comb. nov. 77319930-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%spathulidium%sect.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola sect. Spathulidium%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 82%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 77320025-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%subandinium%sect.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola sect. Subandinium%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 193%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1009401-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%subpubescens%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Subpubescens%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 136%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1009402-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%tomentosae%ser.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Tomentosae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 136%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1017093-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%tricolores%ser.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola ser. Tricolores%Monde Pl.%464: 37%1999%%%Viola [unranked] tricolores%%%%comb. nov. 77320022-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%triflabellium%sect.%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%%J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & Marcussen%Viola sect. Triflabellium%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 192%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 20000350-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%trigonocarpea%subsect.%(Godr.) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Godr.)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola subsect. Trigonocarpea%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%33: 178 (2001)%2001%%%Violaceae Viola sect. Trigonocarpea Godr.%%%%comb. nov. 70000434-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%trigonocarpea%sect.%Godr.%%Godr.%Viola sect. Trigonocarpea%Fl. Lorraine, ed. 2.%1: 88%1857%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77222730-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%umbraticolae%[infragen.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola [infragen.unranked] Umbraticolae%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19(nos. 552-555): 396%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 957617-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%vaginatae%sect.%(W.Beck.) Ching J.Wang%(W.Beck.)%Ching J.Wang%Viola sect. Vaginatae%Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.%51: 85 (1991):%1991%%%Viola Gruppe vaginatae%%%%comb. nov. 1009384-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%vericaninae%ser.%Juz. ex Vl.V.Nikitin%%Juz. ex Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola ser. Vericaninae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%83(3): 130%1998%%%%%%%tax. nov. 121059-3%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%viola%sect.%L.%%L.%Viola sect. Viola%Fl. Australia%%%%Autonym.%%%%%unknown 77319931-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%xanthidium%sect.%Marcussen, Nicola, J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & H.E.Ballard%%Marcussen, Nicola, J.M.Watson, A.R.Flores & H.E.Ballard%Viola sect. Xanthidium%Plants [Basel]%11(17)-2224: 89%2022%%doi:10.3390/plants11172224%%%%%tax. nov. 77320021-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%xylobasis%sect.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola sect. Xylobasis%Int. Rock Gard.%Monogr.(Neoand.): 191%2022%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60478262-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola abbreviata%Int. Rock Gard.%110: 36, figs. 21, 28, 35, 43, 49-51, 53-56, 61-62%2019%%Etymology: We consider some morphological reference to the remarkably reduced size of the new species, most consistently displayed by its flowers ...(english)%%%%Neuquén (Argentina)%tax. nov. 265682-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola aberrans%Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia%1903: 683, pl. 37, fig. 4-6%1903%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867546-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene ex W.Stone%%Greene ex W.Stone%Viola aberrans%Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia%55: 683%1903%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867547-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola abortiva%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%14%1852%%%%%%%unknown 933538-1%1.4.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fern.Casado & Nava%%Fern.Casado & Nava%Viola abulensis%Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid%44(2): 306%1987%%%%%%Spain.%tax. nov. 291152-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × abundans%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 506%1924%%Viola fimbriatula X sagittata%%%%%tax. nov. 867549-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud. ex Oliv.%%Steud. ex Oliv.%Viola abyssinica%Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.]%1: 105%1868%%%%%%%unknown 265683-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leyb.%%Leyb.%Viola acanthophylla%Leopoldina%8: 56%1873%%%%%%Chili%tax. nov. 867550-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leyb. ex Reiche%%Leyb. ex Reiche%Viola acanthophylla%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%16(3): 442%1892%%%%%%%unknown 265684-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola acanthophylla var. tontalensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 183%1922%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 867551-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roem. & Schult.%%Roem. & Schult.%Viola acaulis%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 389, in syn.%1819%%%%%%%unknown 867552-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola accrescens%Fl. URSR%7: 632%1955%%%%%%%unknown 265685-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola achlydophylla%Pittonia%5(26): 87%1902%%%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867554-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola achyrophora%Pittonia%5(26): 33%1902%%%%%%%unknown 930964-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola acrocerauniensis%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%22: 493 (1986)%1986%%%%%%Albania.%tax. nov. 867555-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola acuminata%Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.)%1(2): 252%1842%%%%%%%unknown 77234475-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola acuminata subsp. austroussuriensis%Fl. Aziat. Ross.%8: 49%1915%%n.v.%%%%%tax. nov. 77234476-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola acuminata var. austroussuriensis%Bot. Pacifica%9(1): 18%2020%isonym%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola acuminata Ledeb. subsp. austroussuriensis W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 892658-1%1.3.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) Kitag.%(W.Becker)%Kitag.%Viola acuminata var. austroussuriensis%Neolin. Fl. Manshur.%451%1979%%%Violaceae Viola acuminata Ledeb. subsp. austroussuriensis W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 892659-1%1.3.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) Kitag.%(W.Becker)%Kitag.%Viola acuminata var. brevistipulata%Neolin. Fl. Manshur.%451%1979%%%%%%%unknown 77234474-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola acuminata subsp. grandistipulata%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 18%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola micrantha C.Presl [infrasp.unranked] grandistipulata W.Becker%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 965394-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola acuminata var. pilifera%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 257%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 867556-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bigelow%%Bigelow%Viola acuta%Fl. Boston., ed. 2%95%1824%%%%%%%unknown 867557-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola acutifolia%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 263%1916%%%%%%%unknown 867558-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola acutifolia%in B. Fedtsch. Fl. Asiat. Ross.%No. 8, 96 (1915)%%%%%%%%unknown 867559-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola acutilabella%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%10: 1%1921%%%%%%%unknown 867560-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola adenothrix%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%3: 23%1913%%%%%%%unknown 966545-1%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Masam.) J.C.Wang & T.C.Huang%(Masam.)%J.C.Wang & T.C.Huang%Viola adenothrix var. tsugitakaensis%Taiwania%35(1): 19 (1990):%1990%%%Violaceae Viola tsugitakaensis Masam.%%%%comb. nov. 867561-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Freyn%%Freyn%Viola adriatica%Flora%67: 679%1884%%%%%%%unknown 867562-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola × adulterina%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 108%%%%%%%%unknown 867563-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Godr.%%Godr.%Viola adulterina%These Hybrid.%18%%%%%%%%unknown 265687-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola adunca%Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.)%37: Viola n. 63%1817%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 265688-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Vict. & J.Rousseau%%Vict. & J.Rousseau%Viola adunca f. albiflora%Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal%36: 20%1940%%%%%%Quebec (Canada)%tax. nov. 265689-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola adunca subsp. ashtonae%Madroño%3: 233, pl. 11, figs. 4, 7%1936%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265690-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) H.D.Harr.%(Greene)%H.D.Harr.%Viola adunca var. bellidifolia%Man. Pl. Colorado%377, 641%1954%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287319-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Lepage%%Lepage%Viola adunca f. candida%Naturaliste Canad.%79: 180%1942%%%%%%Quebec (Canada)%tax. nov. 265691-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker) C.L.Hitchc.%(M.S.Baker)%C.L.Hitchc.%Viola adunca var. cascadensis%Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock & al.]%3: 440%1961%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265692-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Brainerd) G.N.Jones%(Brainerd)%G.N.Jones%Viola adunca f. glabra%Univ. Wash. Publ. Biol.%5: 194%1936%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265693-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola adunca var. glabra%Rhodora%15: 109%1913%%%%%%Prince Edward Island (Canada) to North Dakota (USA)%tax. nov. 265694-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%V.G.Duran%%V.G.Duran%Viola adunca var. kirkii%Leafl. W. Bot.%10: 319%1966%%%%%%Yosemite National Park, Crane Flat Campgrounds, Mariposa County (California, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265695-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Rydb.%%Rydb.%Viola adunca var. longipes%Mem. New York Bot. Gard.%1: 263%1900%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265696-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Farw.) B.Boivin%(Farw.)%B.Boivin%Viola adunca f. masonii%Naturaliste Canad.%93: 437%1966%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265697-2%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hook.) Fernald%(Hook.)%Fernald%Viola adunca var. minor%Rhodora%51: 57%1949%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1001653-2%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(S.Watson) Jeps.%(S.Watson)%Jeps.%Viola adunca var. oxyceras%%%%%%%%%%unknown 265698-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(S.Watson) Piper%(S.Watson)%Piper%Viola adunca subsp. oxyceras%Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.%11: 395%1906%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265699-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola adunca subsp. radicosa%Madroño%3: 234, pl. 11, fig. 5%1936%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265700-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola adunca subsp. typica%Madroño%3: 233%1936%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265701-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) Applegate%(Greene)%Applegate%Viola adunca var. uncinulata%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%22: 282%1939%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265702-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) C.L.Hitchc.%(Greene)%C.L.Hitchc.%Viola adunca var. uncinulata%Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock & al.]%3: 440%1961%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265703-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Á.Löve & D.Löve%%Á.Löve & D.Löve%Viola aduncoides%Bot. Not.%no. 128: 516%1976%%%%%%Manitoba (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 50886624-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(DC.) Strobl%(DC.)%Strobl%Viola aethnensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%27: 226%1877%%%Violaceae Viola calcarata L. var. aethnensis DC.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77110179-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(A.Terracc.) Peruzzi%(A.Terracc.)%Peruzzi%Viola aethnensis subsp. calabra%Inform. Bot. Ital.%42(2): 531%2010%%%Violaceae Viola gracilis Sm. var. calabra A.Terracc.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 892660-1%1.4.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Merxm. & W.Lippert%(W.Becker)%Merxm. & W.Lippert%Viola aethnensis subsp. messanensis%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%13: 504%1977%%%%%%%unknown 892661-1%1.4.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Merxm. & W.Lippert%(W.Becker)%Merxm. & W.Lippert%Viola aethnensis subsp. splendida%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%13: 504%1977%%%%%%%unknown 867566-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Tornab.%%Tornab.%Viola aetnensis%Fl. Sicul. (Tornabene)%138. 1887; et Fl. Aetnea, i. (1889) 132%%%=parvula Tineo (from Original Data)%%%%%unknown 867567-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Heldr.%%Boiss. & Heldr.%Viola aetolica%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 6: 24%1859%%%%%%%unknown 303088-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leconte%%Leconte%Viola affinis%Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York%2: 138%1826%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265704-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%L.K.Henry%%L.K.Henry%Viola affinis f. albiflora%Castanea%18: 45%1953%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265705-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Griscom%%Griscom%Viola affinis var. chalcosperma%Rhodora%38: 49%1936%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265706-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Griscom%%Griscom%Viola affinis var. langloisii%Rhodora%38: 49%1936%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265707-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%J.Rousseau%%J.Rousseau%Viola affinis var. subarctica%Canad. J. Res.%28, sec. C: 245%1952%%%%%%Quebec & Ontario, Canada%tax. nov. 867569-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola agrestis%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 15%%%%%%%%unknown 867570-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen & Gonzalo%%Sennen & Gonzalo%Viola aguilaris%Cavanillesia%ii. 77 (1929).%%%%%%%%unknown 265708-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola aizoon%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%16(3): 443, pl. 7%1892%%%%%%Chili%tax. nov. 867572-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wagner%%Wagner%Viola ajtayana%Magyar Bot. Lapok%1913, xii. 35, hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 265709-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola alabamensis%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%13: 169%1900%%%%%%Alabama (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265710-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murrill%%Murrill%Viola alachuana%Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci.%12: 61%1950%%%%%%Florida (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867575-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vved.%%Vved.%Viola alaica%Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b, Bot.%3: 79 (1928), in obs.%%%%%%%%unknown 867576-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola alajensis%Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins%xix. 37 (1904).%%%%%%%%unknown 867577-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Burgersd.%%Burgersd.%Viola alata%Pl. Jungh. [Miquel]%2: 121%1852%%%%%%%unknown 867578-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola alata%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%20(2): 125%1906%%%%%%%unknown 867579-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Besser%%Besser%Viola alba%Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac.%i. 171.%1809%%%%%%%unknown 60441376-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Wiesb. ex Dichtl%%Wiesb. ex Dichtl%Viola alba var. albiflora%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%3: 45%1885%%%%%%%tax. nov. 965717-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%Orell & Romo%%Orell & Romo%Viola alba nothosubsp. bonaefidei%But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat.%59 Bot., 8: 85 (1991)%1991%%%%%%Balearic Is.%tax. nov. 20012418-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Boiss. & Heldr.) Marcussen%(Boiss. & Heldr.)%Marcussen%Viola alba subsp. cretica%Pl. Syst. Evol.%237(1-2): 71 (2003)%2003%%%Violaceae Viola cretica Boiss. & Heldr.%%%%comb. nov. 77316292-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Ten.) W.Becker%(Ten.)%W.Becker%Viola alba subsp. dehnhardtii%Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges.%8: 257%1902%%%Violaceae Viola dehnhardtii Ten.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 1017088-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Espeut%%Espeut%Viola alba var. lactea%Monde Pl.%464: 17, nom. nov.:%1999%%%%%%%nom. nov. 965716-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%Orell & Romo%%Orell & Romo%Viola alba nothosubsp. neusii%But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat.%59 Bot., 8: 83 (1991)%1991%%%%%%Balearic Is.%tax. nov. 867580-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Halácsy%%Halácsy%Viola albanica%Consp. Fl. Graec.%1(1): 141%1900%%%%%%%unknown 1017087-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Moggr.) Espeut%(Moggr.)%Espeut%Viola alba var. picta%Monde Pl.%464: 16%1999%%%Violaceae Viola hirta Schwein. var. picta%%%%comb. nov. 60441377-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Wiesb. ex Dichtl%%Wiesb. ex Dichtl%Viola alba var. scotophyllodes%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%3: 45%1885%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869516-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Wiesb. ex Dichtl%%Wiesb. ex Dichtl%Viola alba var. violacea%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%3: 45%1885%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265711-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola albertina%Pittonia%4(25): 288%1901%%%%%%Alberta (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 867582-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Palib.%%Palib.%Viola albida%Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada%xvii. I. 30%%%%%%%%unknown 77234480-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Makino) Espeut%(Makino)%Espeut%Viola albida var. eizanensis%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 23%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola dissecta Ledeb. var. eizanensis Makino%%%%comb. nov. 77071737-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Y.N.Lee%%Y.N.Lee%Viola albida var. rugata%Bull. Korea Pl. Res.%5: 16 (-17; photos)%2005%%%%%%South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77175521-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Y.N.Lee) M.Kim%(Y.N.Lee)%M.Kim%Viola albida f. rugata%Korean Endemic Pl.%528%2017%%%Violaceae Viola albida Palib. var. rugata Y.N.Lee%%%%stat. nov. 77234482-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Maxim.) Espeut%(Maxim.)%Espeut%Viola albida var. sieboldiana%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 23%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola pinnata L. var. sieboldiana Maxim.%%%%stat. nov. 20007536-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Makino) W.Lee%(Makino)%W.Lee%Viola albida f. takahashii%Lineamenta Florae Koreae%719%1996%nom. inval. basionym not validly published%%Violaceae Viola dissecta Ledeb. var. takahashii Makino%%%%comb. nov. 892662-1%1.3.2.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Nakai) Kitag.%(Nakai)%Kitag.%Viola albida f. takahashii%Neolin. Fl. Manshur.%452%1979%%%%%%%unknown 77080645-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Y.N.Lee%%Y.N.Lee%Viola albida f. viridis%Bull. Korea Pl. Res.%6: 4 (fig.)%2006%%%%%%South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 867583-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sudre%%Sudre%Viola × albiensis%Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens.%12: 19%1894%%%%%%%unknown 867584-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Link%%Link%Viola albiflora%Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt.%1: 241%1821%%%%%%%unknown 77060122-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × albimaritima%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%35: 143 (-144, 141; fig.)%2003%%%%%%North European Russia (Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 1012259-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × albovii%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 225 (1998)%1998%%%%%%Transcaucasus (Adzhariya).%tax. nov. 77200798-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola alburnica%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 187%2018%%%%%%Campania (Italy, Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 867585-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Becker) Juz.%(W.Becker)%Juz.%Viola alexandrowiana%Fl. URSS%15: 412%1949%%%%%%%unknown 896807-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kamelin & Junussov%%Kamelin & Junussov%Viola alexejana%Dokl. Akad. Nauk Tadzh. SSR%23(4): 208 (1980)%1980%%%%%%U.S.S.R. (Middle Asia).%tax. nov. 867586-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola algida%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%The name and its description are ascribed to Humboldt & Bonpland, and to Willdenow (as 'Reliqu. Willd. MS'), respectively.%%%%%tax. nov. 265712-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola aliceae%Madroño%15: 199, fig. 1, 2%1960%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 867589-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kiss%%Kiss%Viola alisoviana%Bot. Közlem.%19: 93%1921%%%%%%%unknown 265713-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola allardii%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 41%1910%%%%%%Georgia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867588-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola allchariensis%Jahreskat. Wiener Bot. Tauschvereins%(1894) 6.%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77252100-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker & Bornm.%%W.Becker & Bornm.%Viola allchariensis subsp. gostivarensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 75%1921%%%%%%%tax. nov. 330903-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roem. & Schult.%%Roem. & Schult.%Viola alleghanensis%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 360%1819%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 265714-2%1.1.1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.K.Henry%%L.K.Henry%Viola allegheniensis%Castanea%18(2): 53 (t. 2)%1953%nom. illeg. later homonym non V. alleghanensis Roem. & Schult. (1819)%%%%%Pennsylvania, Maryland & West Virginia, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 867593-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola alliariifolia%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 32%1922%%%%%%%unknown 867594-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pio%%Pio%Viola allionii%Viola Spec. Bot. Med.%20%%%%%%%%unknown 867595-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola allionii%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%242%%%%%%%%unknown 867596-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Botsch.%%Botsch.%Viola allochroa%Bot. Mater. Gerb. Inst. Bot. Zool. Akad. Nauk Uzbeksk. S.S.R.%xi. 10 (1948)%%%%%%%%unknown 867597-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola alpestris%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 32, in textu%%%%%%%%unknown 867599-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola alpestris%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. I. 72%1910%%%%%%%unknown 867600-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola alpestris%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%245%%%%%%%%unknown 867601-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chatenier%%Chatenier%Viola alpigena%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%58: 284, hybr.%1911%%%%%%%unknown 867602-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jacq.%%Jacq.%Viola alpina%Enum. Stirp. Vindob.%159, 291%1762%%%%%%%unknown 867603-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ruiz & Pav. ex Ging.%%Ruiz & Pav. ex Ging.%Viola alpina%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 300%1824%%%%%%%unknown 867604-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Huds.%%Huds.%Viola alpina%Fl. Angl. (Hudson)%331%1762%%%%%%%unknown 867605-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Salisb.%%Salisb.%Viola alpina%Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton%130%1796%%%%%%%unknown 867606-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%All.%%All.%Viola alpina%Fl. Pedem.%ii. 98%1785%%%%%%%unknown 295763-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola alsophila%Pittonia%4(20): 7%1899%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867608-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ker Gawl.%%Ker Gawl.%Viola altaica%Bot. Reg.%1: t. 54 (1815)%1815%%also published by Sims, Bot. Mag. 43: t. 1776 (1816)%%%%%tax. nov. 867609-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hatus.%%Hatus.%Viola amamiana%Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus.%15: 13%1969%%%%%%%unknown 867610-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Post%%Post%Viola amani%Bull. Herb. Boissier%i. (1893) 16, 411.%%%%%%%%unknown 867611-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Barceló%%Barceló%Viola ambigua%Fl. Baleares%1: 53%1880%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867612-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Waldst. & Kit.%%Waldst. & Kit.%Viola ambigua%Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung.%2: 208%%%%%%%%unknown 77200799-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola amiatina%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 189%2018%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 867613-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.H.L.Krause%%E.H.L.Krause%Viola ammotropha%Deutschl. Fl. (Sturm), ed. 2.%6: 204%1902%%%%%%%unknown 867614-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%T.F.Forst.%%T.F.Forst.%Viola amoena%Syn. Pl. Ins. Brit.%198%1798%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867615-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leconte%%Leconte%Viola amoena%Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York%ii. (1828) 144%%%%%%%%unknown 265715-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola amorphophylla%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%13: 129%1900%%%%%%North Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265716-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola ampliata%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 3%1903%%%%%%Mississippi (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867618-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola amurica%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 230%1916%%%%%%%unknown 867619-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola amurica%in B. Fedtsch. Fl. Asiat. Ross.%No. 8, 62 (1915)%%%%%%%%unknown 867620-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gilli%%Gilli%Viola anagae%Feddes Repert.%89(9-10): 595%1979%%%%%%%unknown 867621-1%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × anceps%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%xli. (1891) 20%%%%%%%%unknown 265717-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola andersonii%Pittonia%4(25): 287%1901%%%%%%British Columbia (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 867624-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Javorka%%Javorka%Viola andrasovszkyi%Bot. Közlem.%19: 26%1921%%%%%%%unknown 291319-2%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola × angelliae%Torreya%2(2): 24 (-25)%1902%%Eponymy: I wish to express my obligation to Miss Angell for the courtesies she has shown in furnishing notes and material, and to her is due the chief credit of its recognition as a distinct species.%%%%New Jersey (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867626-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Craib%%Craib%Viola angkae%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1925(1): 14%1925%%%%%%%unknown 867627-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Drabble%%Drabble%Viola anglica%J. Bot.%64: 269%1926%%%%%%%unknown 867628-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola angustifolia%Linnaea%28(5): 612%1857%%%%%%%unknown 867629-1%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Banks ex Ging.%%Banks ex Ging.%Viola angustifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 307%1824%pro syn. of Pigea banksiana Ging.%%%%%%tax. nov. 867630-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola angustistipulata%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 250%1949%%%%%%%unknown 265718-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola anisopetala%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 97%1910%%%%%%North Dakota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 60477696-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson%%J.M.Watson%Viola anitae%Int. Rock Gard.%108: [89], figs.13, 14, 42, 46, 47, 53-57, 59, 63%2018%%Eponymy: Anita Flores (author's wife) (english)%%%%Neuquén (Argentina)%tax. nov. 867632-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Baker f.%%Baker f.%Viola annamensis%J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam%iv. 128 (1921).%%%%%%%%unknown 265719-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola anodonta%Pittonia%5(26): 32%1902%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867634-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kit. ex Colla%%Kit. ex Colla%Viola anomala%Herb. Pedem.%i. 268 (1833), in obs.%%%%%%%%unknown 867635-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Terracc.%%Terracc.%Viola apennina%Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.%xxi. (1889) 327; et in Ann. Ist. Bot. Roma iv.1889-90 (1891) 77%%%%%%%%unknown 867636-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gilib.%%Gilib.%Viola apetala%Fl. Lit. Inch.%ii. 124%1782%%%%%%%unknown 867637-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schmidt%%F.W.Schmidt%Viola apetala%Neue Abh. Boehm. Ges.%i. (1791) 61%%%%%%%%unknown 867638-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roxb.%%Roxb.%Viola apetala%Hort. Bengal.%18; Fl. Ind. i. 650%%%%%%%%unknown 867640-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Elmer%%Elmer%Viola apoensis%Leafl. Philipp. Bot.%viii. 2878 (1915).%%%%%%%%unknown 295855-2%1.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.K.Henry%%L.K.Henry%Viola appalachiensis%Castanea%18(4): 131%1953%%nom. nov. for V. allegheniensis L. K. Henry 21 Aug 1953 (later homonym; non V. allegheniensis Roemer & Schultes 1819)%%%%Pennsylvania, Maryland & West Virginia, United States of America (Northern America)%nom. nov. 867642-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola appendiculata%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 770%%%%%%%%unknown 867643-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Spreng.%%Spreng.%Viola aprica%Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel]%1: 800%1824%%%%%%%unknown 265720-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola araucaniae%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 181%1922%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867645-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Forssk.%%Forssk.%Viola arborea%Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.%p. cxx.%1775%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 867646-1%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola arborea%Syst. Nat., ed. 10.%2: 1239%1759%%%%%%%unknown 867647-1%1.1.2.2.1.4.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Forssk. ex DC.%%Forssk. ex DC.%Viola arborea%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 300%1824%nom. illeg. later homonym non L. (1759)%%%%%Yemen (Arabian Peninsula, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 867648-1%1.1.2.1.1.6.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Loefl. ex Ging.%%Loefl. ex Ging.%Viola arborescens%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 289%1824%pro syn. of Calyptrion citrifolium Ging.; Loefling (Iter Hispanicum 282. 1758) provided a phrase name: “209. VIOLA arborescens f. frutescens americana ...”. Gingins erred in citing “Viola arborescens Lcefl. Itin. p. 282” as a binomial%%%%%%tax. nov. 867649-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola arborescens%Sp. Pl.%2: 935%1753%%%%%%%unknown 953081-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(DC.) Fern.Casado%(DC.)%Fern.Casado%Viola arborescens f. latifolia%Lagascalia%14(1): 136 (1986):%1986%%%Violaceae Viola arborescens L. var. latifolia%%%%comb. nov. 949559-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Fern.Casado%%Fern.Casado%Viola arborescens f. willkommii%Lagascalia%14(1): 136 (1986), without type, as nom. nov. but contrary to Art. 33.3 ICBN 1983%1986%%%%%%Spain.%tax. nov. 265722-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola arbuscula%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 491%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867651-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Blume%%Blume%Viola arcuata%Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.%2: 58%1825%%%%%%%unknown 867652-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC.%%DC.%Viola arenaria%Fl. Franc. [de Candolle & Lamarck], ed. 3.%4: 806%1805%%%%%%%unknown 867653-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chabert%%Chabert%Viola arenicola%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%18: 196%1872%%%%%%%unknown 991818-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Moraldo & G.Forneris%%Moraldo & G.Forneris%Viola argenteria%Allionia%28: 51, 52 (1987–88 publ. 1988), nom. nov.:%1988%%%%%%%nom. nov. 265723-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola argentina%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 184%1922%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 265724-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Speg.%%Speg.%Viola argentinensis%Physis (Buenos Aires)%3: 178%1917%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 265725-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola arguta%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%The name and its description are ascribed to Humboldt & Bonpland, and to Willdenow (as 'Reliqu. Willd. MS'), respectively.%%%%%tax. nov. 867656-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola arguta%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265726-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola arguta var. glaberrima%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 92%1907%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 265727-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola arguta subsp. meridionalis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 93%1907%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 265728-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) L.B.Sm. & A.Fernández%(W.Becker)%L.B.Sm. & A.Fernández%Viola arguta var. meridionalis%Caldasia%6: 164%1954%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265729-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola arguta subsp. typica%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 92%1907%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867657-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola arisanensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 314%1921%%%%%%%unknown 265730-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola arizonica%Pittonia%5(26): 33%1902%%%%%%Arizona (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867659-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & A.Huet%%Boiss. & A.Huet%Viola armena%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 5: 48%1856%%%%%%%unknown 867660-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × arophila%in Formanek, Beitr. Mittl. u. Sudl. Mahr.%79 (1886).%%%%%%%%unknown 867661-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola arsenica%Jahreskat. Wiener Bot. Tauschvereins%(1894) 6%%%%%%%%unknown 867662-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola arvatica%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%24%1852%%%%%%%unknown 867663-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Strobl%%Strobl%Viola arvensioides%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%27: 224%1877%%%%%%%unknown 291320-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murray%%Murray%Viola arvensis%Prodr. Stirp. Gott.%73%1770%%%%%%Old World species; naturalized in the New World%tax. nov. 867623-1%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola arvensis subsp. andina%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%37(5): 591%1906%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77185837-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Drabble) P.D.Sell%(Drabble)%P.D.Sell%Viola arvensis var. anglica%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola anglica Drabble%%%%stat. nov. 77185838-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Jord.) P.D.Sell%(Jord.)%P.D.Sell%Viola arvensis var. arvatica%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola arvatica Jord.%%%%stat. nov. 77109716-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Jord.) Espeut%(Jord.)%Espeut%Viola arvensis var. contempta%Biocosme Mésogéen%27(4): 132%2010%%%Violaceae Viola contempta Jord.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77185836-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Jord. ex Boreau) P.D.Sell%(Jord. ex Boreau)%P.D.Sell%Viola arvensis var. deseglisei%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola deseglisei Jord. ex Boreau%%%%stat. nov. 970066-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Schult.) Mateo & Figuerola%(Schult.)%Mateo & Figuerola%Viola arvensis subsp. kitaibeliana%Fl. Analit. Prov. Valencia (IAM Investig. 14)%369 (1987):%1987%%%Violaceae Viola kitaibeliana Schult.%%%%comb. nov. 77185835-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Drabble) P.D.Sell%(Drabble)%P.D.Sell%Viola arvensis var. latifolia%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola latifolia Drabble%%%%stat. nov. 77113284-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Nauenb.%%Nauenb.%Viola arvensis subsp. megalantha%Haussknechtia%12: 53 (-54)%2010%%%%%%Switzerland (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 949129-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Nauenb.%%Nauenb.%Viola arvensis subsp. megalantha%Untersuch. Variab. Ökol. & Syst. Viola tricolor-Gruppe Mitteleuropa%81 (1986)%1986%nom. inval. inneffectively published, see Vienna Code Art. 30.5%%%%%Switzerland (Middle Europe, Europe);Austria (Austria, Middle Europe, Europe);Italy (Italy, Southeastern Europe, Europe);%tax. nov. 77336866-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Gaudin) Mateo, M.B.Crespo & E.Laguna%(Gaudin)%Mateo, M.B.Crespo & E.Laguna%Viola arvensis subsp. minima%Fl. Valentina%5: 233%2024%%%Violaceae Viola tricolor L. subsp. minima Gaudin%%%%comb. nov. 77185834-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Jord.) P.D.Sell%(Jord.)%P.D.Sell%Viola arvensis var. segetalis%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola segetalis Jord.%%%%stat. nov. 867665-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schreb. ex Muhl.%%Schreb. ex Muhl.%Viola asarifolia%Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc.%3: 178%1793%%%%%%%unknown 867666-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola asarifolia%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%2: 732%1813%%%%%%%unknown 867667-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola aspera%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 295%1824%%%%%%%unknown 867668-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook. & Arn.%%Hook. & Arn.%Viola asterias%Bot. Misc.%3: 145, t. 99%1833%%%%%%%unknown 265732-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola asterias var. atacamensis%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 492%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 265733-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola asterias var. caulescens%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 491%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 265734-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola asterias var. depauperata%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 492%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 265735-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola asterias var. genuina%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 899%1895%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 265736-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola asterias var. glabra%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 899%1895%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867669-1%1.1.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola athois%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. ii. 854.%%%%%%%%unknown 265737-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Britton%%Britton%Viola atlantica%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%24(2): 92%1897%nom. illeg. later homonym non Pomel (1874).%%%%%Staten Island, along salt meadows, New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867670-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pomel%%Pomel%Viola atlantica%Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.%215%1874%%%%%%%unknown 867671-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Britton%%Britton%Viola atlantica%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%24(2): 92 (non Pomel)%1897%%%%%%%unknown 867672-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola atrichocarpa%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%40: 118, 167%1890%%%%%%%unknown 265738-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola atriplicifolia%Pittonia%3(14): 38%1896%%%%%%Wyoming (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265739-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Nelson%%A.Nelson%Viola atriplicifolia var. thorii%New Man. Bot. Centr. Rocky Mt.%321%1909%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867675-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leyb.%%Leyb.%Viola atropurpurea%Anales Univ. Chile%1858: 159%1858%%V. atropurpurea Leyb. is legitimate (non V. atropurpurea Raf. ex Ging. 1824 (invalid)).%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867676-1%1.1.2.2.1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Raf. ex Ging.%%Raf. ex Ging.%Viola atropurpurea%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 291%1824%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. pedata var. atropurpurea Ging.%%%%%%tax. nov. 867674-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola atroviolacea%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 75%1921%%%%%%%unknown 867677-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sweet%%Sweet%Viola attenuata%Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 3.%54%1839%%%%%%%unknown 867678-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola attenuata%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%884%1821%%%%%%%unknown 867679-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Mey.%%G.Mey.%Viola aubletii%Prim. Fl. Esseq.%123%1818%%Meyer referred to Viola hybanthus sensu Aubl. (Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 811, t. 319. 1775, non L.) as a synonym%%%%French Guiana (Northern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 867680-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola aurantiaca%Flora%47: 41%1864%%%%%%%unknown 867681-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pomel%%Pomel%Viola aurasiaca%Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.%342%1875%%%%%%%unknown 265740-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola aurata%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 492%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867683-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola aurea%Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.%2: 185, f. 54%1863%%%%%%%unknown 265742-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola aurea subsp. arizonensis%Madroño%12: 11 (fig. 2)%1953%%%%%%Arizona (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265743-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola aurea subsp. mohavensis%Madroño%12: 9 (-11)%1953%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265744-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%S.Watson in W.H.Brewer & S.Watson%%S.Watson in W.H.Brewer & S.Watson%Viola aurea var. venosa%Bot. California [W.H.Brewer]%1: 56%1876%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265745-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Skottsb.%%Skottsb.%Viola auricolor%Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl.%n.f, 56(5): 260, t. 20, f. 1, 2, & 22, f. 27%1916%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 867685-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola auricula%Flora%47: 40%1864%%%%%%%unknown 867686-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola auriculata%Anales Univ. Chile%(1863) II. 672; ex Phil. f. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Chil. 20%%%%%%%%unknown 265746-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola auritella%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 356%1925%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 867688-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen%%Sennen%Viola × ausonensis%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat.%32(4-6): 111%1932%%%%%%%unknown 265747-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola austinae%Pittonia%5(26): 30%1902%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867690-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Kern. & Jos.Kern.%%A.Kern. & Jos.Kern.%Viola austriaca%Ber. Naturw. Ver. Innsbruck%iii. (1872) 71%%%%%%%%unknown 77095374-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%Viola austrosinensis%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%158(4): 756 (755-761; figs.)%2008%%%%%%Guangxi (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);Hainan (China, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 77327130-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Chen%%Y.S.Chen%Viola austroyunnanensis%Phytotaxa%613(2): 154%2023%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.613.2.4 Etymology: name refers to the distribution range of the new species, southern Yunnan province.%%%%Yunnan (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 867691-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Hultén%%W.Becker & Hultén%Viola avatschensis%Ark. Bot.%22A(3): 1%1928%%%%%%%unknown 330080-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola averii%Pacific Rural Press%1879: 354%1879%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 867692-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola averyi%Pacific Rural Press%(May 1879); ex Curran, in Bull. Calif. Acad. i. III. (1885) 131%%%%%%%%unknown 995401-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%T.Yamaz., I.Ito & Ageishi%%T.Yamaz., I.Ito & Ageishi%Viola awagatakensis%J. Jap. Bot.%72(1): 60 (1997)%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 867693-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola × babiogorensis%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 461%1914%%%%%%%unknown 907260-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola babunensis%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 600 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Jugoslavia.%tax. nov. 1019473-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × bachtschisaraensis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 145%2001%%%%%%Krym.%tax. nov. 867694-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × badensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%24: 225%1874%%%%%%%unknown 867695-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola baicalensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 250%1916%%%%%%%unknown 265748-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola bakeri%Pittonia%3(18): 307%1898%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265749-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola bakeri subsp. shastensis%Madroño%15: 203%1960%%%%%%California & Oregon, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 867697-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gagnep.%%Gagnep.%Viola balansae%Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H. Lecomte et al.]%Suppl.: 177 (1939), gallice; et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1938, 85: 599 (1939), latine%%%%%%%%unknown 867698-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Re%%Re%Viola balbisii%Fl. Segus.%73%%%%%%%%unknown 867699-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Delip.%%Delip.%Viola balcanica%Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg.%7: 495%1979%%%%%%%unknown 975863-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rosselló, Mayol & Mus%%Rosselló, Mayol & Mus%Viola × balearica%Boll. Soc. Hist. Nat. Balears%32: 154 (1988), nom. nov.:%1988%%%%%%%nom. nov. 867700-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen%%Sennen%Viola × balmesi%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat.%32(4-6): 112%1932%%%%%%%unknown 867701-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gardner%%Gardner%Viola balsaminoides%Icon. Pl.%3: t. 217%1839%%%%%%%unknown 867702-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola baltica%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 379%1910%%%%%%%unknown 867703-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hand.-Mazz.%%Hand.-Mazz.%Viola bambusetorum%Symb. Sin.%Pt. vii. 377 (1931)%%%%%%%%unknown 867704-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kit. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Kit. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola banatica%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 382%1819%%%%%%%unknown 867705-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Simonk.%%Simonk.%Viola banatica%Erdely edenyes Fl.%(1887) 112%%%%%%%%unknown 265750-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola bangiana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 89%1907%%%%%%Bolivia, Peru%tax. nov. 265751-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rusby%%Rusby%Viola bangii%Mem. Torrey Bot. Club%6: 5%1896%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60435791-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.R.Thiele & Prober%%K.R.Thiele & Prober%Viola banksii%Muelleria%18: 15 (-19; fig. 4)%2003%%%%%%New South Wales (New South Wales, Australia, Australasia);Queensland (Queensland, Australia, Australasia);%tax. nov. 60469579-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.S.Shu, W.Liu & C.Y.Lan%%W.S.Shu, W.Liu & C.Y.Lan%Viola baoshanensis%Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni%42(3): 118, fig. 1%2003%%%%%%Hunan (China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 867708-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl.%%Muhl.%Viola barbata%Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.%26%1813%%%%%%%unknown 867709-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nyman%%Nyman%Viola barceloi%Consp. Fl. Eur.%Suppl. 2(1): 45%1889%%%%%%%unknown 867710-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.Chodat%%L.Chodat%Viola barceloi%Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève%Ser. 2, xv. 234 (1924)%%%%%%%%unknown 77157754-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Knoche & Marcussen%%G.Knoche & Marcussen%Viola barhalensis%Phytotaxa%275(1): 14%2016%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.275.1.2 named after the village of Barhal, situated close to the type location%%%%Turkey (Western Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77193099-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bezd.%%Bezd.%Viola barkalovii%Komarovskie Chteniya (Vladivostok)%48: 102%2001%%The specific epithet is named for the collector V.Yu.Barkalov.%%%%Khabarovsk (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 867711-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schaffn. ex Hemsl.%%Schaffn. ex Hemsl.%Viola barroetana%Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic.%2: 20%1879%%%%%%%unknown 867712-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola basilensis%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. l. 10, hybr.%1910%%%%%%%unknown 867713-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kloos%%Kloos%Viola batava%Ned. Kruidk. Arch.%1923, 185 (1924), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 867714-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola battandieri%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%18(2): 366%1905%%%%%%%unknown 867715-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola baumgarteniana%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%87%1866%%%%%%%unknown 867716-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schrank%%Schrank%Viola bavarica%Baier. Fl.%i. 491.%1789%%%%%%%unknown 265752-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola baxteri%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 500%1924%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265753-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Calderón%%Calderón%Viola beamanii%Phytologia%52: 105 (-107), fig%1982%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 77197841-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola beati%Willdenowia%49(1): 36%2019%%doi:10.3372/wi.49.49105 The specific epithet honours the late Dr Beat Leuenberger, botanist at the Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin and husband of the present author Silvia Arroyo-Leuenberger. The personal name Beat possesses a well-established latinized form, Beatus, meaning “blessed”.%%%%Argentina Northwest (Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 77128290-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola beckeriana%Rock Gard. Quart.%71(2): 166%2013%%%%%%Mendoza (Argentina Northwest, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 867718-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.Fiala ex Beck%%F.Fiala ex Beck%Viola beckiana%Wiener Ill. Gart.-Zeitung%1896, 197.%%%%%%%%unknown 30025364-2%1.1.2.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Torr.%%Torr.%Viola beckwithii%Pl. Pratten. Calif. [Durand]%82%1855%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867719-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Torr. & A.Gray%%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola beckwithii%Pacif. Railr. Rep.%ii. 119. t. 1.%%%%%%%%unknown 867720-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Heller%%A.Heller%Viola beckwithii%Muhlenbergia%vi. 40 (1910).%%%%%%%%unknown 265754-2%1.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%C.P.Sm.%%C.P.Sm.%Viola beckwithii var. cachensis%Muhlenbergia%7: 136%1912%%%%%%Cache County (Utah, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265755-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola beckwithii subsp. glabrata%Madroño%12: 18%1953%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265756-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Howell%%Howell%Viola beckwithii var. trinervata%Bot. Gaz.%8: 207%1883%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867721-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Druce%%Druce%Viola beebyi%List Brit. Pl.%9 (1908), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 867722-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola begoniifolia%Pl. Hartw. [Bentham]%161%1845%%%%%%%unknown 867723-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rech.f. & Esfand.%%Rech.f. & Esfand.%Viola behboudiana%Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl.%lxxxvii. 297 (1950)%%%%%%%%unknown 867724-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gren. ex Gren. & Godr.%%Gren. ex Gren. & Godr.%Viola bella%Fl. France [Grenier]%1: 184%1847%%%%%%%unknown 265757-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola bellidifolia%Pittonia%4(25): 292%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265758-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola bellidifolia subsp. typica%Madroño%5: 223%1940%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265759-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola bellidifolia subsp. valida%Madroño%5: 223, tab. 21, 22, fig. 8%1940%%%%%%Utah (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867726-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boissieu%%Boissieu%Viola belophylla%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%55: 467%1908%%%%%%%unknown 867727-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boreau%%Boreau%Viola beraudii%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 76%1857%%%%%%%unknown 867728-1%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola berggrenii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 107, hybr.%1925%%%%%%%unknown 265760-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Greene) Greene%(Greene)%Greene%Viola bernardii%Pittonia%5(27): 123%1903%%Although Greene (Pittonia 3: 260. 1898) listed the name V. bernadii, he did not accept it at the rank of species (invalid at this rank), but recognized it as V. pedatifida var. bernardii.%Violaceae Viola pedatifida G.Don var. bernardii Greene%%%%comb. nov. 867729-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola bernoulliana%in Burnat, Fl. Alp. Marit.%iv. 263 (1906).%%%%%%%%unknown 867730-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola berteroniana%Flora%39: 422%1856%%%%%%%unknown 867731-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pio%%Pio%Viola bertoloni%Viola Spec. Bot. Med.%34%%%%%%%%unknown 867732-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%De Salis%%De Salis%Viola bertolonii%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 2, 5: 116%1836%%%%%%%unknown 867733-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Souché%%Souché%Viola bertoti%Bull. Soc. Bot. Rochelaise%(1892), ex Corbiere. Nouv. Fl. Norm. (1893) 77%%%%%%%%unknown 867734-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola × bessarabica%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 459%1914%%%%%%%unknown 867735-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rupr.%%Rupr.%Viola besseri%Fl. Caucasi%151.%1869%%%%%%%unknown 867736-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola bethkeana%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%41: 422%1891%%%%%%%unknown 867737-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Prahl%%Prahl%Viola × bethkeana%Krit. Fl. Prov. Schlesw.-Holst.%ii. (1890) 23%%%%%%%%unknown 867738-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × bethkei%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%38: 221%1888%%%%%%Austria%unknown 867739-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bojer ex Baker%%Bojer ex Baker%Viola betonicifolia%Fl. Mauritius%10%1877%%%%%%%unknown 867740-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola betonicifolia%Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.)%37, no.7%1817%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77252490-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) F.Maek. & T.Hashim.%(Nakai)%F.Maek. & T.Hashim.%Viola betonicifolia var. albescens%J. Jap. Bot.%43: 162%1968%%%%%%%comb. nov. 124579-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola betonicifolia subsp. australiensis%Botanische Jahrb?cher 54 Beiblatt 120%%1917%%nom. inval. as this is the type subspecies.%%%%%unknown 124679-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola betonicifolia subsp. betonicifolia%Botanische Jahrb?cher 54 Beiblatt 120%%1917%%Autonym. Also made by D.M.Moore in Feddes Repert. 68 (30 Oct. 1963) 81.%%%%%unknown 124687-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola betonicifolia var. betonicifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%%1824%%Autonym.%%%%%unknown 124696-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%forma%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola betonicifolia forma betonicifolia%Flora of the Eastern Himalayas, 3rd Report%%1975%%Autonym.%%%%%unknown 892663-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hara%%Hara%Viola betonicifolia var. cordifolia%J. Jap. Bot.%49(5): 133%1974%%%%%%%unknown 892664-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Hara%(W.Becker)%Hara%Viola betonicifolia subsp. jaunsariensis%J. Jap. Bot.%49(5): 133%1974%%%%%%%unknown 124734-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola betonicifolia var. longiscapa%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%%1824%%Published as `\u03b2 longiscapa'. Base name for Viola longiscapa (DC.) G.Don.%%%%%unknown 124781-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%D.Moore%%D.Moore%Viola betonicifolia subsp. novaguineensis%Repertorium Specierum Novarum regni Vegetabilis 68%%1863%%%%%%%unknown 77251507-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) F.Maek. & T.Hashim.%(Nakai)%F.Maek. & T.Hashim.%Viola betonicifolia var. oblongosagittata%J. Jap. Bot.%43: 162%1968%%%Violaceae Viola oblongo-sagittata Nakai%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 892665-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%H.Hara%%H.Hara%Viola betonicifolia f. pubescens%Fl. E. Himalaya%3rd. Rep.: 82%1975%%%%%%%unknown 77195742-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola betonicifolia var. yuanfengia%New Taxa New Names%1: 82%2019%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77089257-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × bezdelevae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 392 (-393; fig. 6)%2007%nom. illeg. later homonym%%%%%Amur (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 932168-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vorosch.%%Vorosch.%Viola bezdelevae%Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol.%92(1): 134 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Kuril Is.%tax. nov. 867741-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hara%%Hara%Viola bhutanica%J. Jap. Bot.%48(12): 356%1973%%%%%%%unknown 867742-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola biacuta%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 414%1917%%%%%%%unknown 265761-2%1.2.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola bicolor%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 899%1895%nom. illeg. later homonym non Pursh (1813).%see Reiche, Flora de Chile 1: 149. 1896.%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 60440710-2%1.1.2.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola bicolor%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%1: 175%1813%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 60478766-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hoffm.%%Hoffm.%Viola bicolor%Deutschl. Fl., Jahrgang 4 (Hoffm.)%170%1804%%%%%%Germany (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 867743-1%1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gilib.%%Gilib.%Viola bicolor%Fl. Lit. Inch.%ii. 123%1782%nom. inval. Gilibert did not employ binary nomenclature for species consistently (see St. Louis Code Appendix V. 403. 2000).%%%%%%tax. nov. 867744-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Reiche & Johow%%Reiche & Johow%Viola bicolor%Fl. Chile [Reiche]%i. 149%1896%%isonym of V. bicolor Reiche (1895).%%%%%tax. nov. 867745-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola bielziana%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%86.%1866%%%%%%%unknown 30234393-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola biflora%Sp. Pl.%2: 936%1753%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867746-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola biflora%Sp. Pl.%2: 936%1753%%%%%%%unknown 892666-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hid.Takah. & Ohba%%Hid.Takah. & Ohba%Viola biflora var. akaishiensis%Bull. Kanagawa Pref. Mus., Nat. Sci.%1(4): 24%1971%%%%%%%unknown 919634-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Beck. & Hult.) Tzvelev%(W.Beck. & Hult.)%Tzvelev%Viola biflora subsp. avatschensis%Arktichesk. Fl. SSSR%8: 39%1980%%%Violaceae Viola avatschensis W.Becker & Hultén%%%%comb. nov. 77193101-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Bezd.%%Bezd.%Viola biflora var. burejensis%Komarovskie Chteniya (Vladivostok)%48: 108%2001%%%%%%Khabarovsk (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 265762-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Calder & Roy L.Taylor%%Calder & Roy L.Taylor%Viola biflora subsp. carlottae%Canad. J. Bot.%43: 1395%1965%%%%%%British Columbia (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 265763-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Calder & Roy L.Taylor) B.Boivin%(Calder & Roy L.Taylor)%B.Boivin%Viola biflora var. carlottae%Naturaliste Canad.%93: 437%1966%%%%%%%tax. nov. 892667-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Hid.Takah.%%Hid.Takah.%Viola biflora f. glabrifolia%Bull. Kanagawa Pref. Mus., Nat. Sci.%7: 6%1974%%%%%%%unknown 77081030-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) Y.S.Chen%(W.Becker)%Y.S.Chen%Viola biflora var. rockiana%Fl. China%13: 108%2007%%%Violaceae Viola rockiana W.Becker%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 265764-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Bong.) Regel%(Bong.)%Regel%Viola biflora var. sitchensis%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%34(2): 498%1861%%%%%%%tax. nov. 892668-1%1.4.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) Hid.Takah.%(Nakai)%Hid.Takah.%Viola biflora var. vegeta%Bull. Kanagawa Pref. Mus., Nat. Sci.%7: 6%1974%%%%%%%unknown 867747-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Błocki%%Błocki%Viola bilczensis%Spraw. Komis. Fizjogr.%xxii. (1888) II. 213%%%%%%%%unknown 867748-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schultz ex Nyman%%F.W.Schultz ex Nyman%Viola billotiana%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 77%1878%nom. inval. pro syn.%%%%%%tax. nov. 77319223-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schultz%%F.W.Schultz%Viola billotii%Fl. Gall. Germ. exs. (Bitche)%1: 4%1836%%Protologue available online at: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5418159p/f9%%%%%tax. nov. 867749-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schultz%%F.W.Schultz%Viola billotii%Flora%23(1): 120%1840%%%%%%%tax. nov. 2931061-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Okamoto & K.Ueda%%M.Okamoto & K.Ueda%Viola binayensis%et in Acta Phytotax. Geobot.%37(1–3): 1 (1986), with latin descr. & type%1986%%%%%%Moluccas.%tax. nov. 931061-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Okamoto & K.Ueda%%M.Okamoto & K.Ueda%Viola binayensis%in M. Kato, Taxon. Stud. Pl. Seram Is.%143 (1986), without latin descr. or type;%1986%%%%%%Moluccas.%tax. nov. 70028958-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.H.Huang%%S.H.Huang%Viola binchuanensis%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%25(4): 433 (2003)%2003%%%%%%Yunnan (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 291129-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × bissellii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 505%1924%%Vila cucullata X papilionacea%%%%%tax. nov. 867751-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola bissetii%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%54(1): 5%1879%%%%%%%unknown 892669-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Terao%%Terao%Viola bissetii var. kiusiana%Acta Phytotax. Geobot.%28(1-3): 63%1977%%%%%%%unknown 265765-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola biternata%Pl. Baker. [Greene]%3: 12%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867753-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boreau ex Déségl.%%Boreau ex Déségl.%Viola biturigensis%Mém. Soc. Acad. Maine Loire%xiv. (1863) 104 (Quid ?)%%%%%%%%unknown 30018739-2%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd.%%Willd.%Viola blanda%Hort. Berol. [Willdenow]%1(2): t. 24%1804%nom. illeg. later homonym non Salisb. (1796)%%%%%%tax. nov. 867754-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schott%%Schott%Viola blanda%Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl.%7: 166%1857%%%%%%%unknown 867756-1%1.2.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Salisb.%%Salisb.%Viola blanda%Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton%130%1796%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 265766-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.%%Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.%Viola blanda var. amoena%Prelim. Cat.%6%1888%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867757-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola blandaeformis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%72: 192%1925%%%%%%%unknown 265767-2%1.5.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(F.E.Lloyd) A.E.Murray%(F.E.Lloyd)%A.E.Murray%Viola blanda subsp. macloskeyi%Kalmia%12: 26%1982%%%Violaceae Viola macloskeyi F.E.Lloyd%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 265768-2%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(F.E.Lloyd) Jeps.%(F.E.Lloyd)%Jeps.%Viola blanda var. macloskeyi%Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson]%648%1925%%%Violaceae Viola macloskeyi F.E.Lloyd%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 265769-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola blanda var. palustriformis%Bot. Gaz.%11: 255%1886%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265770-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola blanda var. renifolia%Bot. Gaz.%11: 255%1886%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77122788-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola × blaxlandiae%Rock Gard. Quart.%70(4): 370%2012%%%%%%Neuquén (Argentina South, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 867758-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Korth.%%Korth.%Viola blumei%Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi%3: 76%1867%%%%%%%unknown 984464-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yıld.%%Yıld.%Viola bocquetiana%Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi%1(1): 2 (1994)%1994%%%%%%Turkey.%tax. nov. 867759-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola bohemica%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 450, hybr.%1921%%%%%%%unknown 867760-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola boissieuana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 127%1902%%%%%%%unknown 953598-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) Yahara%(Nakai)%Yahara%Viola boissieuana var. pseudoselkirki%J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot.%14(2): 96 (1987):%1987%%%Violaceae Viola pseudoselkirki%%%%comb. nov. 867761-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lév. & Maire%%H.Lév. & Maire%Viola boissieui%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%12: 282%1913%%%%%%%unknown 867762-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pau%%Pau%Viola bolivari%Trab. Mus. Nac. Ci. Nat., Ser. Bot.%No. 14, 17 (1918)%%%%%%%%unknown 265771-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Britton%%Britton%Viola boliviana%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%16(1): 18%1889%%%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 265772-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola boliviana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 88%1907%%%%%%Bolivia, Peru%tax. nov. 265773-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Kuntze%%Kuntze%Viola boliviana f. albiflora%Revis. Gen. Pl.%3[3]: 8%1898%%%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 867765-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola boninensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 37%1922%%%%%%%unknown 265774-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cottam%%Cottam%Viola bonnevillensis%Bull. Univ. Utah, Biol. Ser.%Ser. 4, No. 3: 3, tab. 1%1939%%%%%%Utah (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867767-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gáyer%%Gáyer%Viola borbasii%Magyar Bot. Lapok%vi. 181 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 265775-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola borchersii%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 494%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867769-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Weinm.%%Weinm.%Viola borealis%Linnaea%10(1): 66%1835%%%%%%%unknown 907261-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola bornmuelleri%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 574 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Jugoslavia.%tax. nov. 867770-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Budai & Gáyer%%Budai & Gáyer%Viola borsodiensis%Magyar Bot. Lapok%1913, xii. 356, hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 867771-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola borussica%Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges.%viii. 269.%%%%%%%%unknown 867772-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola bosniaca%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%37: 368; G. Beck, in Annal, Naturh. Hofmus. Wien, 10: 179 (1895)%1887%%%%%%%unknown 867773-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy%%Rouy%Viola bourgaei%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%10: 373%1908%%%%%%%unknown 867774-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Stapf%%Stapf%Viola brachyantha%Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl.%ii. (1886) 39.%%%%%%%%unknown 867775-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola brachycentra%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%3: 25%1913%%%%%%%unknown 867776-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola brachyceras%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%15(2): 301%1842%%%%%%%unknown 77234489-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) Espeut%(Nakai)%Espeut%Viola brachyceras var. blandiformis%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 32%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola blandaeformis Nakai%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 867777-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gay%%Gay%Viola brachypetala%Fl. Chil. [Gay]%1: 212%1846%%%%%%%unknown 867778-1%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola brachyphylla%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 73%1924%%%%%%%unknown 867779-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola brachysepala%Prim. Fl. Amur.%50.%1859%%%%%%%unknown 265776-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola brainerdii%Pittonia%5(26): 89%1902%%%%%%New England and Canada%tax. nov. 867781-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola brandisii%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%18(2): 392%1905%%%%%%%unknown 291298-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Grover ex Cooperr.%%Grover ex Cooperr.%Viola × brauniae%Michigan Bot.%25(3): 108 (107-109; fig. 1)%1986%%Eponymy: Miss E. Lucy Braun%%%%Ohio (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867783-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Grover%%Grover%Viola × brauniae%Ohio J. Sci.%39(3): 153%1939%nom. inval. Latin diagnosis lacking.%Eponymy: Miss. E. Lucy Braun (fl. 1917)%%%%%tax. nov. 867782-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × braunii%Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3 [Hallier & Brand]%1(2): 202 (-203)%1890%%%%%%Germany (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 1019466-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola braunii nothosubsp. zinserlingii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 142%2001%%%%%%North European Russia.%tax. nov. 867784-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Raeusch.%%Raeusch.%Viola brevicaulis%Nomencl. Bot. [Raeusch.]%ed. 3, 258 (Quid ?)%1797%%%%%%%unknown 867785-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Biau%%Biau%Viola brevicornis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%59: 712, hybr.%1913%%%%%%%unknown 77141122-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jungsim Lee & M.Kim%%Jungsim Lee & M.Kim%Viola breviflora%Korean J. Pl. Taxon.%44(2): 84%2014%%doi:10.11110/kjpt.2014.44.2.84%%%%Korea (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77175523-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%M.Kim%%M.Kim%Viola breviflora f. albiflora%Korean Endemic Pl.%529%2017%%%%%%Korea (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 867786-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola brevistipulata%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 265%1916%%%%%%%unknown 77253935-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola brevistipulata var. acuminata%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 557, 591%1928%%%%%%%tax. nov. 950242-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola brevistipulata f. albescens%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 77253859-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Unknown%%Unknown%Viola brevistipulata var. brevistipulata%Unknown Publ.%%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1014294-1%1.1.2.1.1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%F.Maek. ex S.Akiyama, H.Ohba & Tabuchi%%F.Maek. ex S.Akiyama, H.Ohba & Tabuchi%Viola brevistipulata var. crassifolia%Fl. Jap. (Iwatsuki et al., eds.)%2c: 187%1999%%%Violaceae Viola glabella Nutt. var. crassifolia%%%%comb. nov. 77253246-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) S.Watan.%(Nakai)%S.Watan.%Viola brevistipulata var. hidakana%Acta Phytotax. Geobot.%19: 28%1961%%%Violaceae Viola hidakana Nakai%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77253310-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(H.Boissieu) W.Becker%(H.Boissieu)%W.Becker%Viola brevistipulata var. laciniata%Beih. Bot. Centralbl.%34(2): 266%1916%%%%%%%comb. nov. 77252980-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola brevistipulata var. minor%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%47: 260%1933%%%%%%%tax. nov. 993628-1%1.1.2.2.1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Toyok. ex H.Nakai, H.Igarashi & H.Ohashi%%Toyok. ex H.Nakai, H.Igarashi & H.Ohashi%Viola brevistipulata var. yezoana%J. Jap. Bot.%71(6): 357 (1996), nom. nov.:%1996%%%%%%%nom. nov. 265777-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Britton%%Britton%Viola bridgesii%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%16(1): 18%1889%%%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 265778-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola brittoniana%Bot. Gaz.%26(5): 332%1898%%%%%%%nom. nov. 867789-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola brittoniana%Man. Fl. N. States [Britton]%635%1901%%%%%%%unknown 60452404-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(E.P.Bicknell) Alexander%(E.P.Bicknell)%Alexander%Viola brittoniana var. pectinata%Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (Britton & Brown), ed. 3.%2: 558%1952%%%Violaceae Viola pectinata E.P.Bicknell%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 998565-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(E.P.Bicknell) Gil-ad%(E.P.Bicknell)%Gil-ad%Viola brittoniana f. pectinata%Boissiera%53: 54 (1997):%1997%%%Violaceae Viola pectinata E.P.Bicknell%%%%comb. nov. 867790-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola brockmanniana%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. I. 70%1910%%%%%%%unknown 867791-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola brooksii%Calif. Hort. & Fl.%9: 281. 1879; ex Bot. Calif. 2: 433%%%%%%%%unknown 867792-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roem. & Schult.%%Roem. & Schult.%Viola broussonetiana%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 371%1819%%%%%%%unknown 867793-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%hort. ex E.Vilm.%%hort. ex E.Vilm.%Viola bruneauniana%Fl. Pleine Terre%946%1863%%%%%%%unknown 867794-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hand.-Mazz.%%Hand.-Mazz.%Viola brunneostipulosa%Symb. Sin.%Pt. vii. 380 (1931)%%%%%%%%unknown 867795-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Timb.-Lagr.%%Timb.-Lagr.%Viola bubanii%Congr. Sci. France%xix. (1852) 280%%%%%%%%unknown 892670-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Losa) Rivas Martinez.Izco & M.Costa%(Losa)%Rivas Martinez.Izco & M.Costa%Viola bubanii subsp. palentina%Trab. Dept. Bot. Fisiol Veg. Madrid%3: 102%1971%%%%%%%unknown 77100956-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Losa) M.Laínz%(Losa)%M.Laínz%Viola bubanii subsp. trinitatis%Aport. Conoc. Fl. Gallega%6: 5%1968%%%Violaceae Viola trinitatis Losa%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 867796-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC. ex D.Don%%DC. ex D.Don%Viola buchaniana%Prodr. Fl. Nepal.%206%1825%%%%%%%unknown 1073103-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Viola buchteinii%%%%%%%%%%unknown 265779-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola buchtieniana%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%12: 2%1906%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 265780-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Viola buchtienii%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%59: 705%1913%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867799-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola bulbosa%Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg%xxiii. (1877) 334.%%%%%%%%unknown 867800-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola bulgarica%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%55: 440%1905%%%%%%%unknown 867801-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rupr.%%Rupr.%Viola bungeana%Fl. Caucasi%147, in textu.%1869%%%%%%%unknown 867802-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Oudem.%%Oudem.%Viola burgersdijkii%Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi%3: 77%1867%%%%%%%unknown 867803-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gremli.%%Gremli.%Viola × burnatii%Fl. anal. Suisse%(1886) 124; et Neue Beitr. Fl. Schweiz. v. (1890) 18.%%%%%%%%unknown 60463549-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Reeks%%Reeks%Viola burtonii%List Fl. Pl. Ferns Newfoundland%2%1873%nom. inval. provisional name (see p. 1: ... which I have provisionally given names, appear not to have been previously described, viz:— Viola Burionii, Euphrasia purpurea and Iris biflora.)%%%%%Newfoundland & Labrador (Canada)%tax. nov. 867804-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gay%%Gay%Viola bustillosia%Fl. Chil. [Gay]%i. 211 (-212)%1846%%Although the specific name honors Prof. Bustillos, Gay seems to have used the epithet bustillosia as a noun in apposition.%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867805-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola buxifolia%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 646%1808%%%%%%%unknown 867806-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pau%%Pau%Viola cadevalli%Bol. Acad. Ci. Barcelona%Ser. III. i. XIII. 62%%%%%%%%unknown 291130-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × caesariensis%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 506%1924%%Viola sagittata X triloba%%%%%tax. nov. 867809-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%D.Don%%D.Don%Viola caespitosa%Prodr. Fl. Nepal.%205%1825%%%%%%%unknown 867810-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lange%%Lange%Viola caespitosa%Prodr. Fl. Hispan.%3(3): 701%1878%%%%%%%unknown 867811-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Woerl.%%Woerl.%Viola caflischii%Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges.%iii. (1893) 21.%%%%%%%%unknown 867812-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Woerl.%%Woerl.%Viola caflishii%Ber. Bot. Vereines Landshut%1888-89 (1889) 171.%%%%%%%%unknown 77200801-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(A.Terracc.) Ricceri & Moraldo%(A.Terracc.)%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola calabra%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 191%2018%%%Violaceae Viola gracilis Sm. var. calabra A.Terracc.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 867813-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Huet ex Nyman%%A.Huet ex Nyman%Viola calabra%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 77%1878%orth. var. of V. arenaria DC.%%%%%%tax. nov. 867814-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola calamaria%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 770, sphalm.%%%%%%%%unknown 867815-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lej.%%Lej.%Viola calaminaria%Rev. Fl. Spa%49%1825%%%%%%%unknown 867816-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vill.%%Vill.%Viola calcarata%Hist. Pl. Dauphiné (Villars)%1: 238%1786%%%%%%%unknown 867817-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Munby%%Munby%Viola calcarata%Fl. Alger.%99%%%%%%%%unknown 867818-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola calcarata%Fl. Graec. Prodr.%1(1): 147%1806%%%%%%%unknown 867819-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola calcarata%Sp. Pl.%2: 935%1753%%%%%%%unknown 77110785-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola calcarata var. aethnensis%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 302%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77314565-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Negodi%(W.Becker)%Negodi%Viola calcarata subsp. cavillieri%Atti Soc. Naturalisti Mat. Modena%74: 4%1943%%https://www.socnatmatmo.unimore.it/download/vol_74_1943.pdf%Violaceae Viola cavillieri W.Becker%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 892671-1%1.5.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Merxm. & W.Lippert%(W.Becker)%Merxm. & W.Lippert%Viola calcarata subsp. cavillieri%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%13: 503%1977%%%%%%%unknown 77177527-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Terracc.%%A.Terracc.%Viola calcarata var. pseudogracilis%Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.%21: 327%1889%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77200908-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Fiori%%Fiori%Viola calcarata f. subasica%Fl. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti]%4(1): 85%1907%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 77251417-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Schult.) Merxm.%(Schult.)%Merxm.%Viola calcarata subsp. villarsiana%Feddes Repert.%74: 30%1967%%%Violaceae Viola villarsiana Schult.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77252082-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Wulfen) Merxm.%(Wulfen)%Merxm.%Viola calcarata subsp. zoysii%Feddes Repert.%74: 30%1967%%%Violaceae Viola zoysii Wulfen%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 867820-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gregory%%Gregory%Viola calcarea%J. Bot.%42: 68%1904%%%%%%%unknown 867821-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola calceolaria%Sp. Pl., ed. 2.%2: 1327%1763%%%%%%%unknown 265782-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola calchaquiensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 226%1926%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 60462627-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%R.A.McCauley & H.E.Ballard%%R.A.McCauley & H.E.Ballard%Viola calcicola%J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas%7(1): 13, figs. 1-4%2013%%Etymology: Viola calcicola is named in recognition of its obligate limestone substrate.%%%%Culberson County (Texas, South-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265783-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola calderensis%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%37(5): 588%1906%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 124876-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Don%%Don%Viola caleyana%Gen. Hist.%1: 329%1831%%%%%%%unknown 867824-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Don%%G.Don%Viola caleyana%Gen. Hist.%1: 329%1831%%%%%%%unknown 265784-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola californica%Madroño%12: 13, fig. 3%1953%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867825-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola californica%Fl. Francisc.%3%1891%%%%%%%unknown 867827-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola callosa%Hartw.%161, in nota.%%%%%%%%unknown 867828-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola calthifolia%Pl. Encyc.%viii. 627.%%%%%%%%unknown 867829-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Heldr.%%Boiss. & Heldr.%Viola calycina%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 8: 53%1849%%%%%%%unknown 867830-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola cameleo%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. i. 1074.%%%%%%%%unknown 867831-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb.%%M.Bieb.%Viola campestris%Fl. Taur.-Caucas.%1: 171%1808%%%%%%%unknown 30004096-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola canadensis%Sp. Pl.%2: 936%1753%%%%%%Canada%tax. nov. 867832-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola canadensis%Sp. Pl.%2: 936%1753%%%%%%%unknown 265785-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray%%Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray%Viola canadensis var. corymbosa%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 143%1838%%%%%%Alabama (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265786-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Greene) House in Rydb.%(Greene)%House in Rydb.%Viola canadensis subsp. neomexicana%Fl. Colorado [Rydberg]%233%1906%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265787-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola canadensis var. pubens%Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci.%19: 248%1917%%%%%%Near Disco, Macomb County (Michigan, Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265788-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) C.L.Hitchc.%(Greene)%C.L.Hitchc.%Viola canadensis var. rugulosa%Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock & al.]%3: 442%1961%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1006909-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) House%(Greene)%House%Viola canadensis var. rydbergii%%%%%%%%%%unknown 265789-2%1.5.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Greene) House%(Greene)%House%Viola canadensis subsp. rydbergii%Fl. Colorado [Rydberg]%233%1906%%Rydberg, the publishing author, ascribed the new combination to House and acknowledged his help (see introduction p. xv).%Violaceae Viola rydbergii Greene%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 265790-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Porter%%Porter%Viola canadensis var. scariosa%Trans. New York Acad. Sci.%8: 63%1889%%%%%%Arizona (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1132754-2%1.5.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(A.Gray) House%(A.Gray)%House%Viola canadensis subsp. scopulorum%Fl. Colorado [Rydberg]%234%1906%%Rydberg, the publishing author, ascribed the new combination to House and acknowledged his help (see introduction p. xv).%Violaceae Viola canadensis L. var. scopulorum A.Gray%%%%stat. nov. 265791-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola canadensis var. scopulorum%Bot. Gaz.%11: 291%1886%%%%%%Colorado and New Mexico, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 265792-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Bong. ex Ledeb.%%Bong. ex Ledeb.%Viola canadensis var. sitchensis%Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.)%1: 255%1842%%%%%%Alaska (Subarctic America, Northern America)%tax. nov. 867833-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Berthel.%%Berthel.%Viola canariensis%Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris%5: 420, t. 7%1827%%Berthelot published Viola teydea and V canariensis as alternative names%%%%Canary Islands%tax. nov. 265793-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nieuwl.%%Nieuwl.%Viola candidula%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%3: 85, pl. 2, 3%1913%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867835-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola canescens%Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich ed.)%2: 450%1824%%%%%%%unknown 294863-2%1.3.2.1.1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola canina%Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus]%2: 935%1753%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265794-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Sm.) A.Gray%(Sm.)%A.Gray%Viola canina var. adunca%Bot. Gaz.%11(11): 292%1886%%%Violaceae Viola adunca Sm.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 892672-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Tosco ex G.Ariello & Bellia%%Tosco ex G.Ariello & Bellia%Viola canina var. caulescens%Rea%8: 24%1977%%%%%%%unknown 1010069-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola canina var. contracta%Fl. Vostochnoĭ Evropy%9: 193 (1996)%1996%%%%%%Russia North.%tax. nov. 1019456-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Vl.V.Nikitin) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Vl.V.Nikitin)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola canina subsp. contracta%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 135%2001%%%Violaceae Viola canina L. var. contracta Vl.V.Nikitin%%%%comb. nov. 867839-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × caninaeformis%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%38: 221%1888%%%%%%%unknown 70030130-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%(F.W.Schultz ex Nyman) Erben%(F.W.Schultz ex Nyman)%Erben%Viola canina nothosubsp. einseleana%Carinthia II%II 192/112(2): 565 (2002)%2002%%%Violaceae Viola einseleana F.W.Schultz ex Nyman%%%%comb. nov. 60466365-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Corb.%%Corb.%Viola canina subsp. lactea%Nouv. Fl. Normandie%78%1894%%Corbiere (preface iii, last paragraph) explained about his usage of the subspecific rank.%%%%%nom. et stat. nov. 1187694-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nutt.) S.Watson%(Nutt.)%S.Watson%Viola canina var. longipes%Bot. California [W.H.Brewer]%1: 56%1876%%[Gandhi 11 Mar 2002]%%%%%unknown 60450466-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(L.) Fr.%(L.)%Fr.%Viola canina var. montana%Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt.%273%1828%%%Violaceae Viola montana L.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 265795-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Torr.) A.Gray%(Torr.)%A.Gray%Viola canina var. muhlenbergii%Bot. Gaz.%11(11): 292%1886%%%Violaceae Viola muhlenbergii Torr.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 265796-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray%(Torr. & A.Gray)%A.Gray%Viola canina var. multicaulis%Bot. Gaz.%11: 292%1886%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265797-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%S.Watson%%S.Watson%Viola canina var. oxyceras%%%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265798-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%S.Watson%%S.Watson%Viola canina var. puberula%Manual (Gray), ed. 6.%81%1890%%%%%%Northern United States, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 77251749-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(All.) Schübl. & G.Martens%(All.)%Schübl. & G.Martens%Viola canina subsp. ruppii%Fl. Wurtemberg (ed. 1)%159%1834%%%Violaceae Viola ruppii All.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 60450467-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Billot) Kirschl.%(Billot)%Kirschl.%Viola canina subsp. schultzii%Fl. Alsace%1: 81%1850%%%Violaceae Viola schultzii Billot%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 892673-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Font Quer) O.Bolòs & Vigo%(Font Quer)%O.Bolòs & Vigo%Viola canina subsp. silvensis%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot.%38(1): 80%1974%%%%%%%unknown 60450447-2%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hartm.%%Hartm.%Viola canina var. stricta%Bot. Not.%1841(5): 82%1841%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60479211-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Fr. ex Hartm.) Hook.f. & Thomson%(Fr. ex Hartm.)%Hook.f. & Thomson%Viola canina var. sylvatica%Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker]%1(pt. 1): 185%1872%%%Violaceae Viola sylvatica Fr. ex Hartm.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 1199543-2%1.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Lam.) Regel%(Lam.)%Regel%Viola canina var. sylvestris%%%%%%%%%%unknown 287318-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%lus.%Regel%%Regel%Viola canina lus. vulgaris%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%34(2): 490%1861%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867840-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kloos%%Kloos%Viola canninefas%Ned. Kruidk. Arch.%1923, 185 (1924), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 867841-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola cano-barbata%Flora%49: 285%1866%%%%%%%unknown 265799-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cano-barbata var. albiflora%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 360%1925%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 867842-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Drabble%%Drabble%Viola cantiana%J. Bot.%47(Suppl. 2): 8%1909%%%%%%%unknown 867843-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thunb.%%Thunb.%Viola capensis%Prodr. Pl. Cap.%1: 40%1794%%%%%%%unknown 867844-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pers.%%Pers.%Viola capillaris%Syn. Pl. [Persoon]%1: 256%1805%%%%%%%unknown 265801-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola capillaris var. araucana%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%16(3): 433%1892%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265802-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola capillaris var. dumetorum%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%16(3): 433%1892%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265803-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola cardaminifolia%Pittonia%4(25): 289%1901%%Published as 'cardminefolia'.%%%%Quebec (Canada)%tax. nov. 867846-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene ex Farw.%%Greene ex Farw.%Viola caricetorum%Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci.%1922. ii. 31 (1923), in syn.%%%%%%%%unknown 867847-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × carinthiaca%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%41: 237%1891%%%%%%%unknown 867848-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola carlesii%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 557%1928%%%%%%%unknown 867849-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola carnosula%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%36(2): 57%1918%%%%%%%unknown 265804-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola carolina%Pittonia%3(18): 259%1898%%%%%%North Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867851-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × carpatica%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%41: 422%1891%%%%%%%unknown 265805-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola cascadensis%Leafl. W. Bot.%5: 173%1949%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867853-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Rupr.) Freyn%(Rupr.)%Freyn%Viola caspia%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. 2, ii. 840 (1902).%%%%%%%%unknown 77067072-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola caspia subsp. sylvestrioides%Violets Subgen. Viola Europe%VII, 16%2003%%%%%%Azerbaijan (Transcaucasus, Caucasus, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 867854-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Strobl%%Strobl%Viola cassinensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%27: 228%1877%%%%%%%unknown 77195698-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Silletti, Perrino, Wagens. & Erben%%Silletti, Perrino, Wagens. & Erben%Viola cassinensis subsp. lucana%Phyton (Horn)%58(2): 112%2018%%doi:10.12905/0380.phyton58(2)-2018-0109%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 77177528-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(A.Terracc.) Bartolucci, Galasso & Wagens.%(A.Terracc.)%Bartolucci, Galasso & Wagens.%Viola cassinensis subsp. pseudogracilis%Phytotaxa%340(3): 287%2018%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.340.3.9%Violaceae Viola calcarata L. var. pseudogracilis A.Terracc.%%%%comb. nov. 867855-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola castillensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 365%1910%%%%%%%unknown 1019798-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Becker) Xifreda & Sanso%(W.Becker)%Xifreda & Sanso%Viola castillonii%Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard.%74: 1246%1999%%%Violaceae Viola exigua W.Becker var. castillonii%%%%comb. nov. 867856-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola catalonica%Cavanillesia%ii. 43 (1929).%%%%%%%%unknown 77222253-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kolen. ex Rupr.%%Kolen. ex Rupr.%Viola caucasica%Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7%15(2): 158%1869%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867857-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Molina ex F.Phil.%%Molina ex F.Phil.%Viola caulescens%Cat. Pl. Vasc. Chil.%20%1881%%%%%%%unknown 77144584-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Sheader & A.Sheader%%M.Sheader & A.Sheader%Viola caviahuensis%Alpine Gardener%82(3): 245%2014%nom. illeg. nom. superfl. , authors do not explicitly exclude type of V. petraea cited under V. copahuensis which was included as the replaced synonym%%%%%%nom. nov. 867858-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cavillieri%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. iii. 45, t. 2.%%%%%%%%unknown 867859-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Viola cazorlensis%Bull. Assoc. Fr. Bot.%v. (1902) 226; Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. xv. (1905) 57.%%%%%%%%unknown 867860-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chatenier%%Chatenier%Viola cebennensis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%58: 286, hybr.%1911%%%%%%%unknown 867861-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola celebica%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%14: 321%1916%%%%%%%unknown 867862-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen & Gonzalo%%Sennen & Gonzalo%Viola celinae%Cavanillesia%ii. 75 (1929), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 867863-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sauze & Maillard ex Nyman%%Sauze & Maillard ex Nyman%Viola celtica%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 78%1878%%%%%%%unknown 867864-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola cenisia%Sp. Pl., ed. 2.%2: 1325%1763%%%%%%%unknown 867865-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schangin%%Schangin%Viola cenisia%Neueste Nord. Beytr. Phys. Geogr. Erd- Volkerbeschreib.%vi. 103%%%%%%%%unknown 867866-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lag. & Rodr.%%Lag. & Rodr.%Viola cenisia%Anal. Cienc.%v. (1802) 270%%%%%%%%unknown 77113969-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola cenisia var. diversifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 301%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868504-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola cenisia subsp. lapeyrouseana%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 57%1896%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265806-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola centellifolia%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 98%1910%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867868-1%1.4.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Perrier ex W.Becker%%H.Perrier ex W.Becker%Viola centronum%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 28%1909%%%%%%%unknown 867869-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bornm.%%Bornm.%Viola cephalonica%Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins%n. f. xxxvii. 50 (1927).%%%%%%%%unknown 867870-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.St.-Hil.%%A.St.-Hil.%Viola cerasifolia%Hist. Pl. Remarq. Bresil%277.%%%%%%%%unknown 265808-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cerasifolia subsp. conferta%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 88%1907%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265809-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.St.-Hil.%%A.St.-Hil.%Viola cerasifolia var. intermedia%Hist. Pl. Remarq. Bresil%1: 279%1824%%%%%%Minas Gerais (Brazil, Southern America)%tax. nov. 265810-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cerasifolia subsp. selloiana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 88%1907%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265811-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cerasifolia subsp. typica%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 87%1907%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77200802-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola cervatiana%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 193, fig. 6%2018%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 291131-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × cestrica%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 507%1924%%Viola emarginata X sgaittata%%%%%tax. nov. 867872-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck ex Borbás%%Beck ex Borbás%Viola cetia%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%42: 287, nomen%1892%%%%%%%unknown 77205543-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Regel) W.Becker%(Regel)%W.Becker%Viola chaerophylloides%Bull. Herb. Boissier%sér. 2, 2: 856%1902%%%%%%%comb. nov. 867873-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola chaerophylloides%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%19: 17%1905%%%%%%%unknown 77251967-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Maxim.) Makino%(Maxim.)%Makino%Viola chaerophylloides var. sieboldiana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%19: 87%1905%%%%%%%comb. nov. 77175520-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Y.N.Lee) M.Kim%(Y.N.Lee)%M.Kim%Viola chaerophylloides f. viridis%Korean Endemic Pl.%528%2017%%%Violaceae Viola albida Palib. f. viridis Y.N.Lee%%%%comb. nov. 265812-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola chalcosperma%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%37: 523%1910%%%%%%Florida (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867875-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ruiz & Pav. ex Ging.%%Ruiz & Pav. ex Ging.%Viola chamaedrifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 306%1824%%%%%%%unknown 867876-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola chamaedrys%Flora%47: 41%1864%%%%%%%unknown 867877-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola chamissoniana%Linnaea%1(3): 408%1826%%%%%%%unknown 955615-1%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Hillebr.) W.L.Wagner, D.R.Herbst & Sohmer%(Hillebr.)%W.L.Wagner, D.R.Herbst & Sohmer%Viola chamissoniana subsp. robusta%Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap.%29: 117%1989%%%Violaceae Viola robusta Hillebr.%%%%comb. nov. 955616-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Ging.) W.L.Wagner, D.R.Herbst & Sohmer%(Ging.)%W.L.Wagner, D.R.Herbst & Sohmer%Viola chamissoniana subsp. tracheliifolia%Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap.%29: 117%1989%%%Violaceae Viola tracheliifolia Ging. & Skottsb.%%%%comb. nov. 291132-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × champlainensis%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 504%1924%%Viola affinis X septentrionalis%%%%%tax. nov. 77093870-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.S.Zhou & F.W.Xing%%J.S.Zhou & F.W.Xing%Viola changii%Nordic J. Bot.%25(5-6): 303 (-305; fig. 1)%2008%%%%%%Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77327158-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yan S.Huang, J.H.Ding & Q.Fan%%Yan S.Huang, J.H.Ding & Q.Fan%Viola chaozhouensis%Nordic J. Bot.%2023(6)-e03941: 5%2023%%doi:10.1111/njb.03941 Etymology: 'The specific epithet refers to Chaozhou city, the locality of the type collection'.%%%%Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 265813-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola charlestonensis%Madroño%8: 58%1945%%%%%%s. w. U. S.%tax. nov. 929323-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%R.I.Korkishko%%R.I.Korkishko%Viola chassanica%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%71(1): 87%1986%%%%%%U.S.S.R. (Soviet Far East);Korea.;%tax. nov. 867880-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jacot%%Jacot%Viola cheelooi%in N. China Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc.%lxi. 155%1930%%%%%%%unknown 77202099-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson%%J.M.Watson%Viola cheeseana%Int. Rock Gard.%117: 40, figs. 49, 59-65%2019%%Eponymy: the specific epithet cheeseana honours my great friend and companion, the late Martyn Cheese (Watson 2010), a constant, reliable collecting associate in Turkey and Chile for a combined total of some twenty months%%%%%nom. et stat. nov. 867881-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bonpl.%%Bonpl.%Viola cheiranthifolia%Pl. Aequinoct. [Humboldt & Bonpland]%1(5): 111, t. 32%1807%%%%%%%unknown 77071735-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.N.Lee & Y.C.Oh%%Y.N.Lee & Y.C.Oh%Viola chejuensis%Bull. Korea Pl. Res.%5: 13 (-14; photos)%2005%%%%%%South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 867882-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola chelmea%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 1: 54%1854%%%%%%%unknown 77251257-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Gáyer & Degen%%Gáyer & Degen%Viola chelmea subsp. vratnikensis%Magyar Bot. Lapok%13: 309%1914%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867883-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola chenevardii%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. I. 28, hybr.%1910%%%%%%%unknown 77102779-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lév.%%H.Lév.%Viola × chevalieri%Monde Pl. Rev. Mens. Bot.%8(109): 44%1898%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 265814-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola chiapasiensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 5%1924%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 265815-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola chillanensis%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 347%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867886-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Don%%G.Don%Viola chinensis%Gen. Hist.%1: 322%1831%%%%%%%unknown 867887-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola chingiana%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%1925, xxxviii. 117.%%%%%%%%unknown 1000421-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%Viola chinoi f. sordida%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1505%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 867888-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.O.Wolf%%F.O.Wolf%Viola christii%Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais. Sci. Nat.%x. (1881) 43.%%%%%%%%unknown 265816-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola chrysantha%Linnaea%33(1): 15%1864%nom. illeg. later homonym non Hook. (Nov 1836)%%%%%Coquimbo (Chile)%tax. nov. 30323730-2%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola chrysantha%Icon. Pl.%1(1): t. 49%1836%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867890-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schrad. ex Rchb.%%Schrad. ex Rchb.%Viola × chrysantha%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%709.%%%%%%%%unknown 867891-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fisch. ex Steud.%%Fisch. ex Steud.%Viola chrysantha%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 770%%%%%%%%unknown 265817-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Torr.%%Torr.%Viola chrysantha var. glaberrima%U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. Pacific N. Amer.%17(2): 238%1874%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265818-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola chrysantha var. nevadensis%Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.%2: 229, fig. 72%1863%%%%%%Nevada (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867893-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola chrysanthemifolia%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%26: 158, in syn.%1912%%%%%%%unknown 77200803-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola cilentana%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 195, fig. 7%2018%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 265819-2%1.5.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd. ex W.Becker%%Willd. ex W.Becker%Viola ciliaris%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 86%1907%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867895-1%1.1.2.2.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola ciliata%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 360%1819%%%%%%%unknown 867896-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl.%%Muhl.%Viola ciliata%Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.%25%1813%%%%%%%unknown 867897-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schltdl.%%Schltdl.%Viola ciliata%Linnaea%12(2): 202%1838%%%%%%%unknown 867898-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Contandr. & Quézel%%Contandr. & Quézel%Viola cilicica%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%123(7-8): 419%1976%%%%%%%unknown 867899-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kern.%%Kern.%Viola cinerascens%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%18: 20%1868%%%%%%%unknown 867900-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola cinerea%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 1: 7%1843%%%%%%%unknown 77252551-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Fiori%%Fiori%Viola cinerea var. erythraea%Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.%n.s., 20: 355%1913%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77251444-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Boiss.) W.Becker%(Boiss.)%W.Becker%Viola cinerea var. stocksii%Beih. Bot. Centralbl.%36(2): 37%1918%%%Violaceae Viola stocksii Boiss.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 867901-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola circaeoides%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%885%1821%%%%%%%unknown 867902-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola clandestina%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%1: 173%1813%%%%%%%unknown 265820-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Nelson%%A.Nelson%Viola clarkae%Bot. Gaz.%54: 412%1912%%%%%%Idaho (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265821-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola clauseniana%Madroño%4: 194%1938%%%%%%Utah (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867905-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola claytonioides%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%885%1821%%%%%%%unknown 943497-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(L.G.Adams) R.D.Seppelt%(L.G.Adams)%R.D.Seppelt%Viola cleistogamoides%Fl. S. Australia%2: 870 (1986):%1986%%%Violaceae Viola hederacea Labill. subsp. cleistogamoides L.G.Adams%%%%comb. nov. 867906-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola clementiana%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 1: 55%1854%%%%%%%unknown 867907-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr & Poll%%Murr & Poll%Viola cluniensis%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiii. 90 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 265822-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pav.%%Pav.%Viola coccinea%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 93%1907%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867908-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Coincy%%Coincy%Viola cochleata%J. Bot. (Morot)%viii. (1894) 204; et Eclog. alt. Pl. Hisp. (1895) t. 2.%%%%%%%%unknown 302190-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.E.Ballard%%H.E.Ballard%Viola cochranei%Phytologia%74: 357, fig. 1%1993%%%%%%Querétaro (Mexico, Northern America)%tax. nov. 265823-2%1.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola cognata%Pittonia%3(15): 145%1896%%%%%%Dale Creek, Albany County (Wyoming, Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867910-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Besser%%Besser%Viola collina%Cat. Hort. Cremeneci%151%1816%%; et in Enum. Pl. [Besser]: 10 (1822)%%%%%tax. nov. 978462-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%K.Sun%%K.Sun%Viola collina var. glabricarpa%Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin%14(3): 236%1994%%%%%%China North-central (Shandong).%tax. nov. 965393-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola collina var. intramongolica%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 257%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 867911-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr%%Murr%Viola × colliniformis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%43: 196%1893%%%%%%%unknown 265824-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola colombiana%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%41: 151%1928%%%%%%Colombia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 265825-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wedd.%%Wedd.%Viola colubrina%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 94%1907%%%%%%%tax. nov. 291133-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × columbiana%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 504%1924%%Viola affinis X papilionacea%%%%%tax. nov. 265826-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Skottsb.%%Skottsb.%Viola columnaris%Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl.%n.f, 56(5): 261, t. 20, f. 3, 4, & 22, f. 28%1916%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 265827-2%1.3.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola comberi%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 136%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 867917-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC. ex Ging.%%DC. ex Ging.%Viola commersonii%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 297%1824%%%%%%%unknown 294862-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola communis%Bot. Gaz.%26: 336%1898%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77320002-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Pollard) H.E.Ballard%(Pollard)%H.E.Ballard%Viola communis f. priceana%J. Torrey Bot. Soc.%150(1): 76%2023%%doi:10.3159/TORREY-D-22-00029.1%Violaceae Viola priceana Pollard%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 867919-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Waisb.%%Waisb.%Viola commutata%in Baenitz, Herb. Eur.%1896,3, nomen.%%%%%%%%unknown 867920-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Massara%%Massara%Viola comollia%Prodr. Fl. Valtellinese%203%1834%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265828-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola compacta%Pittonia%4(25): 286%1901%%%%%%Vancouver Island%tax. nov. 265829-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%T.F.Forst.%%T.F.Forst.%Viola concolor%Trans. Linn. Soc. London%6: 309%1802%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867923-1%1.1.2.2.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.H.L.Krause%%E.H.L.Krause%Viola concolor%Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges.%(1887) 25; Prahl. Krit. Fl. Prov. Schlesv.-Holst. ii.(1890) 22.%%%%%%%%unknown 2961678-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola concordifolia%et in Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin.%51: 42 (1991), nom. nov.:%1991%%%%%%%nom. nov. 961678-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola concordifolia%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 266, nom. nov.%1991%%%%%%%nom. nov. 969963-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola concordifolia var. hirtipedicellata%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%14(4): 382%1992%%%%%%China Southeast (Zhejiang).%tax. nov. 867924-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.St.-Hil.%%A.St.-Hil.%Viola conferta%Hist. Pl. Remarq. Bresil%279%%%%%%%%unknown 867925-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola conferta%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 31%1922%%%%%%%unknown 867926-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola confertifolia%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 238%1949%%%%%%%unknown 867927-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord. ex Nyman%%Jord. ex Nyman%Viola confinis%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 80%1878%%%%%%%unknown 867928-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Champ. ex Benth.%%Champ. ex Benth.%Viola confusa%Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc.%3: 260%1851%%%%%%%unknown 77142490-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola confusa f. albiflora%Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan%4: 783%1992%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77142475-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola confusa var. lanyuensis%Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan%4: 18%1992%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 950243-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola confusa f. leucantha%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 867929-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leconte%%Leconte%Viola congener%Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York%ii. (1828) 140%%%%%%%%unknown 867930-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gillies%%Gillies%Viola congesta%Bot. Misc.%3: 144, t. 97%1833%%%%%%%unknown 867931-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch. & Sav.%%Franch. & Sav.%Viola conilii%Enum. Pl. Jap.%2: 285%1878%%%%%%%unknown 265832-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola conjugens%Pittonia%4(20): 3%1899%%%%%%Maryland (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867933-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schott%%Schott%Viola consanguinea%Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl.%7: 166%1857%%%%%%%unknown 867934-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola consimilis%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%18%1852%%%%%%%unknown 291135-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × consocia%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 504%1924%%Viola affinis X cucullata%%%%%tax. nov. 291136-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × consona%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 504%1924%%Viola affinis X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 291134-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × consorbrina%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 503%1924%%Viola affinis X hirsutula%%%%%tax. nov. 265833-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola consors%Pittonia%5(26): 100%1902%%%%%%x, Prince Edward Island (Canada)%tax. nov. 30126441-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rchb.%%Rchb.%Viola conspersa%Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit.%1: 44%1823%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867939-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rchb.%%Rchb.%Viola conspersa%Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit.%1: 44%1823%%%%%%%unknown 1096274-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Farw.) House%(Farw.)%House%Viola conspersa f. masonii%%%%%%%%%%unknown 265834-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola conspersa var. masonii%Rept. Mich. Acad. Sci%19: 248%1918%%%%%%Near Utica, Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867940-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola contempta%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%24%1852%%%%%%%unknown 77106087-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%(Beck) Mártonfi%(Beck)%Mártonfi%Viola contempta nothosubsp. bohemica%Fl. Slovenska%6(1): 182%2008%%pro hybr. sp.%Violaceae Viola bohemica Beck%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 50426251-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola contempta nothosubsp. lactea%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%34: 128 (20 June 2002)%2002%%%%%%Central European Russia (Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 291137-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × conturbata%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 505%1924%%Viola cuculata X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 291138-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × convicta%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 506%1924%%Viola fimbriatula X palmata%%%%%tax. nov. 302984-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.E.Ballard%%H.E.Ballard%Viola × cooperrideri%Castanea%58: 2, fig. 1%1993%%%%%%Pendleton County (West Virginia, Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77140456-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Sheader & A.Sheader%%M.Sheader & A.Sheader%Viola copahuensis%Alpine Gardener%82(2): 210%2014%nom. illeg. nom. superfl.%%%%%Neuquén (Argentina South, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 867943-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola coquoziana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%24: 205, hybr.%1927%%%%%%%unknown 867944-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola corallensis%Linnaea%33(1): 16%1864%%%%%%%unknown 867945-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dombey ex Ging.%%Dombey ex Ging.%Viola corchorifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 304%1824%%%%%%%unknown 867946-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Walter%%Walter%Viola cordata%Fl. Carol. [Walter]%219%1788%%%%%%%unknown 867947-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd.%%Willd.%Viola cordata%Enum. Pl. [Willdenow]%1: 264%1809%%%%%%%unknown 867948-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola cordifolia%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 114%%%%%%%%unknown 867949-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Nutt.) Schwein.%(Nutt.)%Schwein.%Viola cordifolia%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%5(1): 62%1822%%%Violaceae Viola villosa var. cordifolia Nutt.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 867950-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cordifolia%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1929(6): 201%1929%%%%%%%unknown 265836-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola cordulata%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 33%1910%%%%%%Wyoming (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867952-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola coreana%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%58: 213%1911%%%%%%%unknown 867953-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola cornuta%Sp. Pl., ed. 2.%2: 1325%1763%%%%%%%unknown 867954-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Desf.%%Desf.%Viola cornuta%Fl. Atlant.%2: 313%1799%%%%%%%unknown 892674-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Pau) Rivas Mart.%(Pau)%Rivas Mart.%Viola cornuta subsp. montcaunica%Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid%36: 307%1980%%%%%%%unknown 265837-2%1.3.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola coronifera%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 137%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 265838-2%1.3.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola coronifera var. minoriflora%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 137%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 867956-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola corralensis%Linnaea%33(1): 16%1864%%%%%%%unknown 867957-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola corsica%Mém. Soc. Acad. Maine Loire%i. (1857) 86 (nomen)%%%%%%%%unknown 867958-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nyman%%Nyman%Viola corsica%Syll. Fl. Eur.%228%1855%%%%%%%unknown 77313908-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Merxm.%(W.Becker)%Merxm.%Viola corsica subsp. ilvensis%Feddes Repert.%79(1-2): 57%1968%%Name added via registration. Protologue not seen by the IPNI editors.%Violaceae Viola heterophylla Poir. subsp. ilvensis W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 892675-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Merxm. & W.Lippert%%Merxm. & W.Lippert%Viola corsica subsp. limbarae%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%13: 506%1977%%%%%%%unknown 867959-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola cotyledon%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 300%1824%%%%%%%unknown 265839-2%1.3.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cotyledon subsp. lologensis%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 135%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 867960-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Żmuda%%Żmuda%Viola cracoviensis%in Sprawozd. Akad. Umiejetn. Krakow.%liii-liv. 71 (1920), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 867961-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Żmuda%%Żmuda%Viola cracoviensis%Kosmos%xxxviii. 1170 (1913), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 867962-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola crassa%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%19: 87%1905%%%%%%%unknown 892676-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Hid.Takah.%%Hid.Takah.%Viola crassa subsp. alpicola%Bull. Kanagawa Pref. Mus., Nat. Sci.%7: 18%1974%%%%%%%unknown 921662-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hid.Takah.) T.Shimizu%(Hid.Takah.)%T.Shimizu%Viola crassa var. alpicola%New Alp. Fl. Japan in Colour%1: 312 (1982):%1982%%%Violaceae Viola crassa Makino subsp. alpicola Hid.Takah.%%%%comb. nov. 77234500-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker & Hultén) Espeut%(W.Becker & Hultén)%Espeut%Viola crassa subsp. avatschensis%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 39%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola avatschensis W.Becker & Hultén%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 892677-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Hid.Takah.%%Hid.Takah.%Viola crassa subsp. borealis%Bull. Kanagawa Pref. Mus., Nat. Sci.%7: 19%1974%%%%%%%unknown 921663-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hid.Takah.) T.Shimizu%(Hid.Takah.)%T.Shimizu%Viola crassa var. borealis%New Alp. Fl. Japan in Colour%1: 312 (1982):%1982%%%Violaceae Viola crassa Makino subsp. borealis Hid.Takah.%%%%comb. nov. 77142474-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hayata) S.S.Ying%(Hayata)%S.S.Ying%Viola crassa var. tayemonii%Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan%4: 10%1992%%%Violaceae Viola tayemonii Hayata%%%%comb. nov. 892678-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Hid.Takah.%%Hid.Takah.%Viola crassa subsp. yatsugatakeana%Bull. Kanagawa Pref. Mus., Nat. Sci.%7: 19%1974%%%%%%%unknown 921664-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hid.Takah.) T.Shimizu%(Hid.Takah.)%T.Shimizu%Viola crassa var. yatsugatakeana%New Alp. Fl. Japan in Colour%1: 312 (1982):%1982%%%Violaceae Viola crassa Makino subsp. yatsugatakeana Hid.Takah.%%%%comb. nov. 968523-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola crassicalcarata%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%14(4): 379%1992%%%%%%China South-central (Sichuan).%tax. nov. 867963-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Hultén%%W.Becker & Hultén%Viola crassicornis%Ark. Bot.%22A(3): 3%1928%%%%%%%unknown 867964-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fenzl%%Fenzl%Viola crassifolia%Pug. Pl. Nov. Syr.%12%1842%%%%%%%unknown 867965-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bory%%Bory%Viola crassiuscula%Ann. Gen. Sci. Phys.%iii. (1820) 16%%%%%%%%unknown 265840-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola crassula%Pittonia%5(26): 95%1902%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265841-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola crenulata%Pittonia%4(25): 295%1901%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867968-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola cretacea%Fl. URSS%15: 686%1949%%%%%%%unknown 867969-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Heldr.%%Boiss. & Heldr.%Viola cretica%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 8: 51%1849%%%%%%%unknown 265842-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wedd.%%Wedd.%Viola crinita%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 88%1907%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60446948-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Royer ex Gillot%%Royer ex Gillot%Viola cryana%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%25(17): 256 (255-258)%1878%%%%%%France (Southwestern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 265843-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.B.Sm. & A.Fernández%%L.B.Sm. & A.Fernández%Viola cuatrecasasii%Caldasia%6: 159, tab. 15%1954%%%%%%Valle del Cauca (Colombia, Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 867972-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Aiton%%Aiton%Viola cucullata%Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton]%3: 283%1789%%%%%%%unknown 867973-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Moc. & Sessé ex Ging.%%Moc. & Sessé ex Ging.%Viola cucullata%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 289%1824%%%%%%%unknown 867974-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bigel. ex Ging.%%Bigel. ex Ging.%Viola cucullata%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 294%1824%%%%%%%unknown 265845-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Torr. & A.Gray%%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola cucullata var. alba%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 137%1838%%%%%%Kentucky (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265846-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Britton%%Britton%Viola cucullata f. albiflora%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%17(5): 124%1890%%%%%%New Jersey (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265847-2%1.9%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Leconte) Torr. & A.Gray%(Leconte)%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola cucullata var. congener%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 137%1838%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265848-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Walter) A.Gray%(Walter)%A.Gray%Viola cucullata var. cordata%Manual (Gray), ed. 5.%78%1867%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265849-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola cucullata var. cordiformis%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 292%1824%%%%%%North America, without definite locality%tax. nov. 265850-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola cucullata var. glaberrima%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 292%1824%%%%%%North America, described from cultivated material%tax. nov. 265851-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola cucullata var. hispidula%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 292%1824%%%%%%North America, without definite locality%tax. nov. 265852-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) W.Stone%(Greene)%W.Stone%Viola cucullata var. leptosepala%Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia%1903: 674%1903%%%Violaceae Viola leptosepala Greene%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 265853-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) W.Stone%(Greene)%W.Stone%Viola cucullata var. macrotis%Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia%1903: 673%1903%%%Violaceae Viola macrotis Greene%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 265854-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola cucullata var. microtitis%Rhodora%15: 112%1913%%%%%%Newfoundland, Quebec, Canada%tax. nov. 265855-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola cucullata var. minor%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Hooker)%1(2): 75%1830%%%%%%Rocky Mts%tax. nov. 265856-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Aiton) DC.%(Aiton)%DC.%Viola cucullata var. obliqua%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 292%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265857-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(L.) A.Gray%(L.)%A.Gray%Viola cucullata var. palmata%Manual (Gray), ed. 2.%43%1856%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265858-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola cucullata f. prionosepala%Rhodora%15: 112%1913%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265859-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Torr. & A.Gray%%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola cucullata var. reniformis%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 137%1838%%%%%%Massachusetts (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265860-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%O.R.Willis%%O.R.Willis%Viola cucullata var. reniformis%Pract. Fl.%59%1894%%%%%%New Jersey (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265861-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Willd.) Torr. & A.Gray%(Willd.)%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola cucullata var. sororia%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 137%1838%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265862-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%O.R.Willis%%O.R.Willis%Viola cucullata var. striata%Pract. Fl.%58%1894%%%%%%New Jersey, New York, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 265863-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%House%%House%Viola cucullata f. thurstonii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 504%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265864-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Twining%%A.Twining%Viola cucullata var. thurstonii%Fl. N.E. Pennsylvania%52%1917%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867975-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wender. ex Steud.%%Wender. ex Steud.%Viola cucullifolia%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 771 (Quid ?).%%%%%%%%unknown 867976-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wender.%%Wender.%Viola cucullifolia%Schriften Ges. Beford. Gesammten Naturwiss. Marburg%ii. 249 (1831).%%%%%%%%unknown 265865-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hieron.%%Hieron.%Viola cuicochensis%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%21(3): 323%1895%%%%%%Ecuador (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 77148034-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.Fen. & Moraldo%%F.Fen. & Moraldo%Viola culminis%Nat. Bresciana%33: 22%2003%%%%%%Italy (Italy, Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 265866-2%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cumingii%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 94%1907%%Published as 'cummingii'. The author was almost certainly intending to honour H. Cuming.%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 867979-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.Watson%%S.Watson%Viola cuneata%Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts%xiv. (1879) 290.%%%%%%%%unknown 867980-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.f.%%Hook.f.%Viola cunninghamii%Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.).%1: 16%1852%%%%%%%unknown 124996-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hook.f.%%Hook.f.%Viola cunninghamii var. radicata%Flora novae-zelandiae%%1853%%%%%%%unknown 265867-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola curicoensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 183%1922%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 867982-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Druce%%Druce%Viola × curnowii%Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles%9(3): 336%1931%%%%%%%unknown 77185710-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(L.G.Adams) K.R.Thiele%(L.G.Adams)%K.R.Thiele%Viola curtisiae%Muelleria%36: 109%2018%%%Violaceae Viola hederacea Labill. subsp. curtisiae L.G.Adams%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 867983-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.Forst.%%E.Forst.%Viola curtisii%Engl. Bot. Suppl.%2: t. 2693%1831%%%%%%%tax. nov. 867984-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Boissieu%%W.Becker & Boissieu%Viola curvicalcarata%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. viii. 740 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 867985-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boissieu ex Gagnep.%%Boissieu ex Gagnep.%Viola curvistylis%Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H. Lecomte et al.]%Suppl.: 179, gallice%1939%%%%%%%unknown 265868-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola cuspidata%Pittonia%3(19): 314%1898%%%%%%Wisconsin (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867987-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cuspidifolia%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1929(6): 201%1929%%%%%%%unknown 867988-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Čelak.%%Čelak.%Viola cyanea%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%22: 349%1872%%%%%%%unknown 265869-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola cyathiformis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 355%1925%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 294861-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola cyclophylla%Pittonia%4(20): 7%1899%%%%%%Rocky Mountains%tax. nov. 867993-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Viola cyclophylla%Fl. Lyon. [Gandoger]%53%1875%%%%%%%unknown 867994-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lindb.%%H.Lindb.%Viola cypria%in Arsbok Soc. Sci. Fenn.%xx. B. No. 7 (1942); cf. H. Lindb. in Acta Soc. Sci.Fenn., n. s. B., ii. No. 7, 23 (1946).%%%%%%%%unknown 975008-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zuev%%Zuev%Viola czemalensis%Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol.%98(4): 103 (1993)%1993%%%%%%Altay.%tax. nov. 867996-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola dacica%Magyar Növényt. Lapok%xiii. (1890) 79; et ex Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. xli. (1891)75. 183%%%%%%%%unknown 265870-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola dactylifera%Pittonia%3(19): 317%1898%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 867998-1%1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schult.%%Schult.%Viola dactyloides%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 351%1819%%J.A. Schultes is the author of vols. 5 and 6 (excluding a few treatments)%%%%%tax. nov. 892679-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Vorosch.%%Vorosch.%Viola dactyloides var. calcicola%Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada%83: 36%1972%%%%%%%unknown 867999-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola dageletiana%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%72: 195%1925%%%%%%%unknown 868000-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gagnep.%%Gagnep.%Viola dalatensis%Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H. Lecomte et al.]%Suppl.: 178 (1939), gallice; et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1938, 85: 600 (1939), latine%%%%%%%%unknown 77193056-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola dandoisiorum%Int. Rock Gard.%104: 27%2018%%%%%%Atacama (Chile North, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 77138913-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pînzaru%%Pînzaru%Viola danielae%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%44: 228%2013%%%%%%%nom. nov. 868001-1%1.2.2.1.1.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola danubialis%Magyar Növényt. Lapok%13: 79%1890%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265871-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola dasyneura%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 96%1910%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265872-2%1.3.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola dasyphylla%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 135%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 868004-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch.%%Franch.%Viola davidii%Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat.%sér. 2, 8: 293%1886%%%%%%%unknown 291139-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × davisii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 503%1924%%Viola affinis X brittoniana%%%%%tax. nov. 322480-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Michx.%%Michx.%Viola debilis%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michaux)%2: 150%1803%%[Gandhi 11 Mar 2002] Pursh (Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 174. Dec 1813) used this name and cited V. canina Walter (1788) as a synonym%%%%montibus Alléghanis, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868006-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola debilis%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%1: 174%1813%%%%%%%unknown 265873-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola debilis f. muhlenbergii%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%12: 68, 128%1930%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265874-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola decipiens%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%16(3): 445, pl. 7%1892%%%%%%Chili%tax. nov. 868009-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Waldst. & Kit.%%Waldst. & Kit.%Viola declinata%Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung.%3: 248%%%%%%%%unknown 77334717-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Du Moulin%%Du Moulin%Viola decliva%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%17: 389%1867%%%%%%%tax. nov. 330079-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola decora%Pacific Rural Press%1879: 354%1879%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868010-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola decora%Pacific Rural Press%(May 1879); ex Curran, in Bull. Calif. Acad. i. III. (1885) 131%%%%%%%%unknown 868011-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola decora%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%32: 179%1894%%%%%%%unknown 868012-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola decorata%Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejętn., Dział B, Nauki Biol.%(Ser. 3) 14B(1)(54B(1)): 258%1914%%%%%%%unknown 868013-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.F.Gmel.%%J.F.Gmel.%Viola decumbens%Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis].%2(1): 413%1791%%%%%%%unknown 868014-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Moench%%Moench%Viola decumbens%Suppl. Meth. (Moench)%73%1802%%%%%%%unknown 868015-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.f.%%L.f.%Viola decumbens%Suppl. Pl.%397%1782%%%%%%%unknown 77252692-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(DC. ex Ging.) Jessop%(DC. ex Ging.)%Jessop%Viola decumbens var. scrotiformis%Fl. Pl. South Africa%38: t. 1500%1967%%%Violaceae Viola scrotiformis DC. ex Ging.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868016-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schweigg. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch%%Schweigg. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch%Viola degener%Deutschl. Fl. (Mertens & W. D. J. Koch), ed. 3.%2: 264%1826%%%%%%%unknown 868017-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ten.%%Ten.%Viola dehnhardtii%Ind. Sem. Hort. Neap.%(1830) 12; ex ej. Syll. 117%%%%%%%%unknown 868018-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%hort.%%hort.%Viola delabordii%ex Kew Bull.%(1889) 56. nomen.%%%%%%%%unknown 868019-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch.%%Franch.%Viola delavayi%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%33: 413%1887%%%%%%%unknown 868020-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola delphinantha%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 1: 7%1843%%%%%%%unknown 77336297-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Degen%%Degen%Viola delphinantha var. koshaninii%Magyar Bot. Lapok%10(4–7): 108%1911%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868021-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola delphinensis%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%vii. (1849) 3%%%%%%%%unknown 868022-1%1.2.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola delphiniifolia%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 136%1838%%%%%%%unknown 265875-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola deltoidea%Pittonia%3(19): 317%1898%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868023-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yatabe%%Yatabe%Viola deltoidea%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%5: 318%1891%%%%%%%unknown 868025-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Prolongo ex Boiss.%%Prolongo ex Boiss.%Viola demetria%Voy. Bot. Espagne%2: 73%1839%%%%%%%unknown 868026-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola deminuta%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%87%1866%%%%%%%unknown 265876-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola demissa%Pl. Baker. [Greene]%3: 10%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 291140-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × demissa%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 507%1924%%Viola emarginata X hirsutula%%%%%tax. nov. 868028-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beauverd%%Beauverd%Viola denarieana%Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève%1926, Ser. II. xviii. 325 (1927), in adnot.%%%%%%%%unknown 77190159-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%O.D.Düșen, Göktürk, U.Sarpkaya & B.Gürcan%%O.D.Düșen, Göktürk, U.Sarpkaya & B.Gürcan%Viola denizliensis%Phytotaxa%369(1): 38%2018%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.369.1.4%%%%Turkey (Western Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868029-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola dentariifolia%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. i. 1076.%%%%%%%%unknown 868030-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola dentata%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%1: 172%1813%%%%%%%unknown 265877-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola denticulosa%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%28: 475%1901%%%%%%Georgia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868032-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola derelicta%in Billot, Annot. Fl. Fr. et Allem.%101%%%%%%%%unknown 868033-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord. ex Boreau%%Jord. ex Boreau%Viola deseglisei%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 82%1857%%%%%%%unknown 265878-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola desertorum%Pittonia%4(25): 291%1901%%%%%%Nevada (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868035-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.G.Camus & Hariot%%E.G.Camus & Hariot%Viola × desetangsii%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%38: 422%1892%%%%%%Gall.%unknown 868036-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola diamantiaca%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%33: 205%1919%%%%%%%unknown 892680-1%1.2.2.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Kitag.) Kitag.%(Kitag.)%Kitag.%Viola diamantiaca f. glabrior%Neolin. Fl. Manshur.%453%1979%%%%%%%unknown 868037-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola diandra%Syst. Veg., ed. 13.%669%1774%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868038-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.% ex Ging.%% ex Ging.%Viola dichotoma%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 297%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868039-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola dichroa%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 5: 48%1856%%%%%%%unknown 265879-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola dicksonii%Pittonia%4(21): 65%1899%%%%%%Canada%tax. nov. 868041-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola diffusa%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 298%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868042-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vell.%%Vell.%Viola diffusa%Fl. Flumin. Icon.%8: t. 163%1831%%%%%%%unknown 892681-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Elm.) D.M.Moore%(Elm.)%D.M.Moore%Viola diffusa subsp. apoensis%Fl. Males., Ser. 1, Spermat.%7(1): 202%1971%%%%%%%unknown 965397-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola diffusa var. brevibarbata%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 264%1991%%%%%%China;Xizang.;%tax. nov. 77142478-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Makino & Hayata) S.S.Ying%(Makino & Hayata)%S.S.Ying%Viola diffusa var. nagasawai%Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan%4: 29%1992%%%Violaceae Viola nagasawae Makino & Hayata%%%%comb. nov. 77142479-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) S.S.Ying%(W.Becker)%S.S.Ying%Viola diffusa var. pricei%Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan%4: 32%1992%%%Violaceae Viola pricei W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 934619-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola diffusoides%Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin%8(2): 19%1988%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 868043-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola digenea%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 34, hybr.%1896%%%%%%%unknown 868044-1%1.1.2.2.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola digitata%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 352%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868045-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola digitata%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%1: 171%1813%%%%%%%unknown 868046-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × dimissa%New York State Mus. Bull.%No. 254. 507 (1924)%%%%%%%%unknown 77067650-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%Viola dimorphophylla%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%149(1): 116 (115-119; figs. 1-5, photos)%2005%%%%%%Yunnan (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868047-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola dioszegiana%Magyar Növényt. Lapok%xiii. (1890) 79; et in Hallier, Kochs Syn. Deutsch. Fl.ed. 3 (1892) 191.%%%%%%%%unknown 77061393-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Blaxland%%Blaxland%Viola dirimliensis%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%145(4): 505 (-509; figs.)%2004%%%%%%Turkey (Western Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 959160-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Tiniakou%%A.Tiniakou%Viola dirphya%Candollea%46(1): 119 (1991)%1991%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 291141-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × discors%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 503%1924%%Viola affinis X palmata%%%%%tax. nov. 265880-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola discurrens%Pittonia%5(26): 26%1902%%%%%%Tennessee (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868050-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola disiuncta%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%20(2): 126%1906%%%%%%%unknown 868051-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola dissecta%Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour].%1: 255%1829%%%%%%%unknown 77234479-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Makino%%Makino%Viola dissecta var. eizanensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%26: 155%1912%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77081028-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Turcz.) Y.S.Chen%(Turcz.)%Y.S.Chen%Viola dissecta var. incisa%Fl. China%13: 93%2007%%%Violaceae Viola incisa Turcz.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77080646-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Y.N.Lee%%Y.N.Lee%Viola dissecta f. viridis%Bull. Korea Pl. Res.%6: 5 (fig.)%2006%%%%%%South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 291142-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × dissena%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 504%1924%%Viola affinis X sagittata%%%%%tax. nov. 291143-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × dissita%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 503%1924%%Viola hirsutula X triloba%%%%%tax. nov. 868054-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola distans%Numer. List [Wallich]%n. 4022%1831%%%%%%%unknown 868055-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Ging.) W.Becker%(Ging.)%W.Becker%Viola diversifolia%Bull. Herb. Boissier%3: 892%1903%%IK Supp. 7 ref. (Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engler & Prantl] xxi. 372 (1925)) was much later than this ref.%Violaceae Viola cenisia L. var. diversifolia Ging.%%%%comb. nov. 868056-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Degen%%Degen%Viola doerfleri%Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl.%lxiv. 710%%%%%%%%unknown 868057-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Takenouchi%%Takenouchi%Viola doii%in Fukuoka Hakabuts. Zasshi%(Ed. Ann. Soc. Hist.-Nat. Fukuok.) ii. 194 (1938)%%%%%%%%unknown 892682-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama & K.Nakaj.%%E.Hama & K.Nakaj.%Viola doii f. kisokomana%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 344%1976%%%%%%%unknown 868058-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Botsch.%%Botsch.%Viola dolichocentra%Bot. Mater. Gerb. Inst. Bot. Zool. Akad. Nauk Uzbeksk. S.S.R.%xi. 11 (1948)%%%%%%%%unknown 959541-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola dolichoceras%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 258%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 868059-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC. ex Ging.%%DC. ex Ging.%Viola dombeyana%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 305%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868060-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola domburgensis%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xii. 170 (1906).%%%%%%%%unknown 868061-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gay%%Gay%Viola domeikoana%Fl. Chil. [Gay]%1: 229%1846%%%%%%%unknown 265881-2%1.9%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.P.Bicknell%%E.P.Bicknell%Viola domestica%Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (Britton & Brown)%3: 519%1898%%%%%%New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 287806-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola domestica f. alba%Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci.%2: 30%1923%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265882-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola domestica var. communis%Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci.%2: 30%1923%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265883-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Urb.%%Urb.%Viola domingensis%Symb. Antill. (Urban).%7(2): 287%1912%%%%%%Prope Constanza in Valle Nuevo 2200 m, in paludosis inter muscos, Dominican Republic (Caribbean, Southern America)%tax. nov. 1004939-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola donetzkiensis%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast.%1974: 102 (1974)%1974%%%%%%Ukraina.%tax. nov. 868064-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola douglasii%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%2: 771%1841%%%%%%%nom. nov. 291144-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × dowelliana%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%266: 25%1925%%Viola affinis X hirsutula%%%%%tax. nov. 868066-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr%%Murr%Viola dravica%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%xii. (1894) 3,%%%%%%%%unknown 265884-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola drepanophora%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 32%1910%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868068-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola drymeia%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%79%1866%%%%%%%unknown 868069-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola dubia%Numer. List [Wallich]%n. 1450%1829%%%%%%%unknown 868070-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × dubia%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%36: 191%1886%%%%%%%unknown 868071-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.H.L.Krause%%E.H.L.Krause%Viola dubia%Deutschl. Fl. (Sturm), ed. 2.%6: 207%1902%%%%%%%unknown 70030010-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Burnat ex Gremli%%Burnat ex Gremli%Viola dubyana%Excursionsfl. Schweiz, Ed. 3.%438 (1878)%1878%validated by reference to description of Viola declinata sensu Gaudin%%%%%Switzerland (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868072-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola duclouxii%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 249%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868073-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fouill.%%Fouill.%Viola duffortii%Rev. Bot. Syst. Geogr. Bot.%2: 152%1904%%%%%%%unknown 868074-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Košanin%%W.Becker & Košanin%Viola dukadjinica%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 145%1926%%%%%%Albania (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868075-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola dumetorum%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%16%1852%%%%%%%unknown 868076-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola dumetorum%Linnaea%28(5): 612%1857%%%%%%%unknown 265886-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola dumetorum var. araucana%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 345%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 868077-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Groner%%Groner%Viola dumoulinii%Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges.%ii. No. 4, 60 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 868078-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Petitm.%%Petitm.%Viola durennei%Monde Pl.%Ser. II, vi. 47.%%%%%%%%unknown 868079-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%R.E.Fr.%%R.E.Fr.%Viola duriprati%Acta Horti Berg.%viii. 8 (1925).%%%%%%%%unknown 265887-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Sam.%%W.Becker & Sam.%Viola dusenii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%22: 107%1925%%%%%%Brazil (Southern America)%tax. nov. 868081-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maire%%Maire%Viola dyris%Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N.%1921, xii. 181.%%%%%%%%unknown 291145-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × eamsii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 507%1924%%Viola brittoniana X palmata%%%%%tax. nov. 868083-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fenzl%%Fenzl%Viola ebracteolata%Illustr. Taur.%49.%%%%%%%%unknown 868084-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gerbault%%Gerbault%Viola eburnea%Bull. Soc. Agric. Sarthe%45: 139-156%1915%%%%%%%tax. nov. 938908-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.E.Ballard%%H.E.Ballard%Viola × eclipes%Michigan Bot.%28(4): 217%1990%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265888-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola ecuadorensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 180%1922%%%%%%Ecuador (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868086-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola edanoi%Philipp. J. Sci.%19: 722%1922%%Eponymy: Gregorio E. Edaño (1896-1960)%%%%%tax. nov. 868087-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Spach%%Spach%Viola edulis%Hist. Nat. Vég. (Spach)%5: 508%1836%%%%%%%unknown 868088-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola effusa%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 424%1917%%%%%%%unknown 291146-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × egglestoniana%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%266: 25%1925%%Viola fimbriatula X latiuscula%%%%%tax. nov. 265889-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola egglestonii%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%37: 526, pl. 34, 35%1910%%%%%%Tennessee (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 291147-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × egregia%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%266: 25%1925%%Viola brittoniana X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 868092-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Halácsy%%Halácsy%Viola × eichenfeldii%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%39: 181%1889%%%%%%%unknown 868093-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schultz ex Nyman%%F.W.Schultz ex Nyman%Viola einseleana%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 77%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868094-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Makino) Makino%(Makino)%Makino%Viola eizanensis%J. Jap. Bot.%i. 15 (1917)%%%%%%%%unknown 1000422-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sugim. ex T.Shimizu%%Sugim. ex T.Shimizu%Viola × eizasieboldii%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1506%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868095-1%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola ekstroemiana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 107, hybr.%1925%%%%%%%unknown 868096-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gueldenst.%%Gueldenst.%Viola elata%Reis. Russland (Gueldenst.)%i. 421; ex Ledeb. Fl. Ross. i. 258 (Quid ?).%%%%%%%%unknown 868097-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr.%%Fr.%Viola elatior%Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt.%277%1828%%nom. cons. prop. by Danihelka & al. in Taxon 59(6): 1902. 2010.%%%%%tax. nov. 868098-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wimm.%%Wimm.%Viola elatior%Fl. Schles.%(1841) 46%%%%%%%%unknown 265890-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola elegantula%Pittonia%4(21): 66%1899%%%%%%Canada%tax. nov. 868099-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schott%%Schott%Viola elegantula%Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl.%7: 167%1857%%%%%%%unknown 868101-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen & Pau%%Sennen & Pau%Viola eliasii%Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat.%vi. 24 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 868102-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola elisabethae%Fl. URSS%15: 684%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868103-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Huet ex Nyman%%A.Huet ex Nyman%Viola elongata%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 80%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868104-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola elongata%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 644%1808%%%%%%%unknown 868105-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leconte%%Leconte%Viola emarginata%Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York%ii. (1828) 142%%%%%%%%unknown 265891-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Brainerd in Britton & A.Br.%%Brainerd in Britton & A.Br.%Viola emarginata var. acutiloba%Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (Britton & Brown), ed. 2.%ed. 2, 2: 553%1913%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265892-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Greene%%Greene%Viola emarginata var. simulata%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 217%1906%%%%%%District of Columbia%tax. nov. 265893-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Greene%%Greene%Viola emarginata var. subsinuata%Pittonia%3(19): 313%1898%%%%%%Tennessee (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 968524-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola emeiensis%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%14(4): 381%1992%%%%%%China South-central (Sichuan).%tax. nov. 60435792-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.R.Thiele & Prober%%K.R.Thiele & Prober%Viola eminens%Muelleria%18: 19 (18-21; fig. 5)%2003%%%%%%Victoria (Australia, Australasia);South Australia (Australia, Australasia);New South Wales (New South Wales, Australia, Australasia);%tax. nov. 868106-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%R.E.Fr.%%R.E.Fr.%Viola eminii%Acta Horti Berg.%viii. 6 (1925)%%%%%%%%unknown 868107-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bojer ex Oliv.%%Bojer ex Oliv.%Viola emirnensis%Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.]%1: 105%1868%%%%%%%unknown 294859-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola encycla%Pittonia%5(26): 88%1902%%nom. nov. for V. cyclophylla Greene non Gandoger%%%%%tax. nov. 77159223-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Gonzáles%%P.Gonzáles%Viola enmae%Phytotaxa%283(1): 87%2016%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.283.1.6 this novelty is named in honor of Dr. Enma Cerrate (Professor at the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos), who was responsible for much of the training and supervising of Peruvian botanists in the past few decades%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868108-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola enneasperma%Sp. Pl.%2: 937%1753%%%%%%%unknown 868109-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola epipsila%Index Seminum [Tartu]%5, adnot.%1820%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868110-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr. ex Nyman%%Fr. ex Nyman%Viola epipsila%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 79%1878%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. suecica Fr.%%%%%%tax. nov. 60453407-2%1.2.2.1.4.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola epipsila subsp. repens%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 406%1917%%%%%%%nom. et stat. nov. 60454694-2%1.1.2.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) R.J.Little%(W.Becker)%R.J.Little%Viola epipsila var. repens%J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas%4(1): 225%2010%%Little published Viola epipsila Ledeb. var. repens (Turcz. ex Trautv. & C.A. Mey.) R.J. Little and cited V. repens Turcz. ex Trautv. & C.A. Mey. 1856 (non Schwein. 1822) as the basionym and Viola epipsila subsp. repens (Turcz. ex Trautv. & C.A. Mey.) W. Becker (1917) as a synonym. Little's error is treated as a correctable bibliographic error (see Vienna Code Art. 33.5).%Violaceae Viola epipsila Ledeb. subsp. repens W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 294860-2%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Á.Löve & D.Löve%%Á.Löve & D.Löve%Viola epipsiloides%Bot. Not.%128(4): 516%1976%%%%%%%nom. nov. 913583-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Halácsy) Raus%(Halácsy)%Raus%Viola epirota%Willdenowia%13(1): 99%1983%%%Violaceae Viola declinata Waldst. & Kit. var. epirota%%%%comb. nov. 868112-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roth%%Roth%Viola erecta%Nov. Pl. Sp.%165%1821%%%%%%%unknown 868113-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gilib.%%Gilib.%Viola erecta%Fl. Lit. Inch.%ii. 124%1782%%%%%%%unknown 868114-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Myers%%Myers%Viola erecta%Amer. Naturalist%iv. (1870) 438%%%%%%%%unknown 265894-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Nelson%%A.Nelson%Viola erectifolia%Bot. Gaz.%29: 143%1900%%%%%%Yellowstone Park%tax. nov. 868116-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schrad. ex Link%%Schrad. ex Link%Viola ericetorum%Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt.%1: 240%1821%%%%%%%unknown 868117-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola eriksoniana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 371%1910%%%%%%%unknown 265895-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schwein.%%Schwein.%Viola eriocarpa%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%5(1): 75 (-76)%1822%%For his V. eriocarpa, Schwein doubtfully referred to V. pubescens var. eriocarpa Nutt. (1818) and published his taxon as a new species.%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 265896-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Fernald & Wiegand) Deam%(Fernald & Wiegand)%Deam%Viola eriocarpa f. leiocarpa%Fl. Indiana%691%1940%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265897-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Fernald & Wiegand%%Fernald & Wiegand%Viola eriocarpa var. leiocarpa%Rhodora%23: 275%1922%%%%%%Eastern Quebec to Minnesota, south to North Carolina, Tennessee, Missouri &~ Kansas%tax. nov. 265898-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Clute%%Clute%Viola eriocarpa var. sessilis%Amer. Bot. (Binghamton)%30: 32%1914%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265899-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Grover%%Grover%Viola eriocarpa var. typica%Ohio J. Sci.%39: 145%1939%%%%%%%tax. nov. 20006536-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yıld. & Dinç%%Yıld. & Dinç%Viola ermenekensis%Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi%9(1): 2 (2002)%2002%%%%%%Turkey%tax. nov. 291148-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × erratica%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 506%1924%%Viola emarginata X fimbriatula%%%%%tax. nov. 941760-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Fiori) Chiov.%(Fiori)%Chiov.%Viola erythraea%Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.%n.s., 26: 149 (1919), as 'erythraeae':%1919%%%Violaceae Viola cinerea Boiss. var. erythraea%%%%comb. nov. 868120-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chiov.%%Chiov.%Viola erythraeae%Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.%1919, n. s. xxvi. 149.%%%%%%%%unknown 329506-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola escarapela%Gayana, Bot.%60(2): 134%2003%%nom. nov. for V. pulchella Leybold ex K. F. Reiche 1893 (later homonym; non Salisbury 1796).%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 265900-2%1.3.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola escondidaensis%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 138%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 77113711-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Elliott ex Greene%%Elliott ex Greene%Viola esculenta%Pittonia%3(19): 314%1898%%non V. heterophylla Poir. (1808).%%%%%nom. et stat. nov. 868122-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Elliott%%Elliott%Viola esculenta%Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott]%1: 300%1817%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. palmata var. heterophylla Elliott (1817).%%%%%%tax. nov. 868123-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schweinf.%%Schweinf.%Viola etbaica%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%18: 665%1868%%%%%%%unknown 930965-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola etrusca%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%22: 499 (1986)%1986%%%%%%Italy.%tax. nov. 77221955-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Halácsy) Halácsy%(Halácsy)%Halácsy%Viola euboea%Suppl. Consp. Fl. Graec.%15%1908%%%%%%%comb. nov. 868125-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Parl.%%Parl.%Viola eugeniae%Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.%vii. (1875)%%%%%%%%unknown 77251251-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Parl.) Arcang.%(Parl.)%Arcang.%Viola eugeniae subsp. levieri%Comp. Fl. Ital., ed. 2 [Arcangeli]%ed. 2: 299%1894%%%%%%%comb. nov. 265901-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola eurybiifolia%Pittonia%5(26): 25%1902%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265902-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hieron. ex W.Becker%%Hieron. ex W.Becker%Viola evae%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 182%1922%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 77176061-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hicken) Nicola%(Hicken)%Nicola%Viola evae var. flossdorfii%Phytotaxa%338(2): 235%2018%nom. inval. Contrary Art. 38.1 & Art. 41.1 (Melbourne Code, 2012), basionym is invalidly published%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.338.2.1%Violaceae Viola flos-evae Hieron. ex Hicken var. flossdorfii Hicken%%%%comb. nov. 265903-2%1.3.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola excelsa%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391 (-392)%1819%%The name and its description are ascribed to Humboldt & Bonpland, and to Willdenow (as 'Reliqu. Willd. MS'), respectively.%%%%Venezuela (Northern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 291149-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × excerpta%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 501%1924%%Viola baxteri X fimbriatula%%%%%tax. nov. 868129-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hance%%Hance%Viola excisa%J. Bot.%6: 296%1868%%%%%%%unknown 265904-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola exigua%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%37(5): 590%1906%%%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868130-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vell.%%Vell.%Viola exigua%Fl. Flumin. Icon.%8: t. 164%1831%%%%%%%unknown 265905-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola exigua var. castillonii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 222%1926%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 868132-1%1.10%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola exilis%Linnaea%28(5): 612%1857%%%%%%%unknown 868133-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola eximia%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%38: 221%1900%%%%%%%unknown 919166-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Erben%%Erben%Viola eximia subsp. tringiana%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 462 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 60434105-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola exsul%Fl. San Juan%2: 145 (-146; fig. 146)%2003%%%%%%San Juan (Argentina Northwest, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868134-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vorosch. & N.S.Pavlova%%Vorosch. & N.S.Pavlova%Viola extremiorientalis%Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada%No. 69, 79 (1968)%%%%%%%%unknown 265907-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola falcata%Pittonia%4(20): 3%1899%%%%%%Illinois (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868136-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.f. & Thomson%%Hook.f. & Thomson%Viola falconeri%Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker]%1(1): 185%1872%%%%%%%unknown 265908-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola fallacissima%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 185%1906%%%%%%Missouri (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265909-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola familiaris%Cybele Columb.%1: 14%1914%%%%%%District of Columbia%tax. nov. 868139-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boissieu%%Boissieu%Viola fargesii%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. ii. 833.%%%%%%%%unknown 77193052-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola farkasiana%Int. Rock Gard.%101: 43%2018%%The specific epithet commemorates Leonardo Farkas.%%%%Biobío (Chile Central, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868140-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola faurieana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 29%1916%%%%%%%unknown 950244-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola faurieana f. albifaurieana%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868141-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hausskn. ex Favrat%%Hausskn. ex Favrat%Viola favratii%Bull. trav. Soc. Murith.%Fasc. xiii-xv. (1887) 61%%%%%%%%unknown 868142-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola fedtschenkoana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 237%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868143-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola fedtschenkoana%in B. Fedtsch. Fl. Asiat. Ross.%No. 8, 31 (1915)%%%%%%%%unknown 868144-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steph. ex Nyman%%Steph. ex Nyman%Viola fennica%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 79%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868145-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.Nyl.%%F.Nyl.%Viola fennica%Spic. Pl. Fenn.%1: 28%1843%%%%%%%unknown 77200804-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola ferdinandea%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 199, fig. 10%2018%%%%%%Calabria (Italy, Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 291150-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × fernaldii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 506%1924%%Viola fimbriatula X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 868147-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Campana%%Campana%Viola ferrariensis%Cat. Pl. Ferrar.%; ex Pio, Viola Spec. Bot. Med. 22%%%%%%%%unknown 77113161-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Moraldo & Ricceri%%Moraldo & Ricceri%Viola ferrarinii%Webbia%66(1): 46 (45-55; figs. 1, 4, map)%2011%%%%%%Italy (Italy, Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 77159222-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Gonzáles%%P.Gonzáles%Viola ferreyrae%Phytotaxa%283(1): 84%2016%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.283.1.6 this species is named in honor of Dr. Ramón Ferreyra (Professor at the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos), who was responsible for much of the training and supervising of Peruvian botanists in the past few decades%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 291151-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × festata%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 505%1924%%Viola cucullata X sagittata%%%%%tax. nov. 868149-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola fibrillosa%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 229%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868150-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.f.%%Hook.f.%Viola filicaulis%Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.).%1: 16%1852%%%%%%%unknown 265910-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola filicetorum%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 215%1906%%%%%%District of Columbia, Maryland, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 265911-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Greene%%Greene%Viola filicetorum var. parthenica%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 216%1906%%%%%%Virginia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868152-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kom.%%Kom.%Viola filifera%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%13: 235%1914%%%%%%%unknown 77322163-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Charit.%%Charit.%Viola filiformis%Form. Rastitel'n. Pokrova Basseyna Irtysha%41%2022%%%%%%West Siberia (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868153-1%1.1.2.1.1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.%%Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.%Viola filiformis%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 310%1824%nom. inval.%%%%%%unknown 265912-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola filipes%Pittonia%4(25): 289%1901%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868155-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola fimbriata%Flora%39: 423%1856%%%%%%%unknown 1087849-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola fimbriata f. albescens%%%%%%%%%%unknown 265914-2%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Fernald%%Fernald%Viola fimbriata f. umbelliflora%Rhodora%51: 56, figs%1949%%%%%%Nova Scotia (Eastern Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 868156-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola fimbriatula%Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.)%xxxvii. n. 16%%%%%%%%unknown 265915-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Stone%%W.Stone%Viola fimbriatula var. aberrans%Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia%1903: 683, pl. 37, fig. 4-6%1903%%%%%%%tax. nov. 265916-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola fimbriatula f. albescens%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%11: 66%1928%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265917-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Pennell%%Pennell%Viola fimbriatula f. glabrata%Bartonia%no. 12: 19%1931%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1034359-2%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Fernald%%Fernald%Viola fimbriatula f. umbelliflora%%%%%%%%%%unknown 868157-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sweet%%Sweet%Viola fischeri%Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 2.%44%1830%%%%%%%unknown 868158-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola fischeri%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 264%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868159-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kitag.%%Kitag.%Viola fissifolia%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%49: 226%1935%%%%%%%unknown 77209127-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Lodd. ex G.Don%%G.Lodd. ex G.Don%Viola flabellifolia%Gen. Hist.%1: 321%1831%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868160-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Lodd.%%G.Lodd.%Viola flabellifolia%Bot. Cab.%8(8): t. 777%1823%%%%%%%unknown 868161-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola flaccida%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%13: (242)%1899%%%%%%%unknown 868162-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hemsl.%%Hemsl.%Viola flagelliformis%Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic.%2: 20%1879%%%%%%%unknown 265918-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola flagelliformis var. glabrescens%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 9%1924%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868163-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen%%Sennen%Viola flahaultiana%Cat. Fl. Rif Orient.%15 [1933], nomen.%%%%%%%%unknown 868164-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wedd.%%Wedd.%Viola flavicans%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 5, 1: 292%1864%%%%%%%unknown 868165-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola flavicornis%Engl. Fl.%i. 304%%%%%%%%unknown 868166-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.Forst. ex Nyman%%E.Forst. ex Nyman%Viola flavicornis%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 77%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868167-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola flavida%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%25%1852%%%%%%%unknown 868168-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola flavida%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 119%%%%%%%%unknown 868169-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bureau & Franch.%%Bureau & Franch.%Viola flavida%J. Bot. (Morot)%v. (1891) 21.%%%%%%%%unknown 868170-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola flaviflora%J. Jap. Bot.%1939, xv. 401.%%%%%%%%unknown 286954-2%1.3.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola flavovirens%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%24(8): 405%1897%%%%%%Idaho (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265920-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola fletcheri%Pittonia%4(25): 296%1901%%%%%%Ontario (Eastern Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 265921-2%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Piper%%Piper%Viola flettii%Erythea%6: 69%1898%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868174-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Moretti ex Roem. & Schult.%%Moretti ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola flexuosa%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 370%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868175-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%hort. ex Karrer%%hort. ex Karrer%Viola florariensis%Möller's Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung%1932, xlvii. 280%%%%%%%%unknown 868176-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola floribunda%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%19%1852%%%%%%%unknown 265922-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola floridana%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%37: 524%1910%%%%%%Florida (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 30148355-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hieron. ex Hicken%%Hieron. ex Hicken%Viola flos-evae%Darwiniana%1: 31%1922%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 265923-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hicken%%Hicken%Viola flos-evae var. flossdorfii%Darwiniana%1: 31%1922%nom. inval. Species name is not validly published, Art. 35.1 (Melbourne Code, 2012)%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 868178-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hieron.%%Hieron.%Viola flos-idae%Bol. Acad. Nac. Cordova%iv. (1881) 5.%%%%%%%%unknown 868179-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hieron.%%Hieron.%Viola flos-mariae%Bol. Acad. Nac. Cordova%iv. (1881) 8.%%%%%%%%unknown 265924-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola fluehmannii%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 346%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 868181-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Čelak.%%Čelak.%Viola foliosa%Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Bohmen%iii. (1875) 477%%%%%%%%unknown 265925-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola fontana%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 218%1906%%%%%%Maryland (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868183-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Coss.%%Coss.%Viola fontanesi%ex Battand. Fl. Alger., Suppl. Phanerog.%20 (1910), in syn.%%%%%%%%unknown 868184-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vuk.%%Vuk.%Viola formosa%Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan.%lxvi. 29%1883%%%%%%%unknown 868185-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola formosana%J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo%xxii. 28 (1906).%%%%%%%%unknown 77142492-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola formosana f. albiflora%Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan%4: 783%1992%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77081027-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hayata) Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%(Hayata)%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%Viola formosana var. kawakamii%Fl. China%13: 88%2007%%%Violaceae Viola kawakamii Hayata%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 966546-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hayata) J.C.Wang, T.C.Huang & T.Hashim.%(Hayata)%J.C.Wang, T.C.Huang & T.Hashim.%Viola formosana var. stenopetala%Taiwania%35(1): 37 (1990):%1990%%%Violaceae Viola kawakamii Hayata var. stenopetala%%%%comb. nov. 892683-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hayata) C.F.Hsieh%(Hayata)%C.F.Hsieh%Viola formosana var. tozanensis%Fl. Taiwan%3: 776%1977%%%%%%%unknown 868186-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola forrestiana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19: 234%1923%%%%%%%unknown 868187-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greuter%%Greuter%Viola forskaalii%Boissiera%xiii. 59 (1967), in adnot.%%%%%%%%unknown 60457191-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Sav.%%A.Sav.%Viola foucaudii%Ann. Soc. Sci. Nat. Charente-Infér.%14: 73 (72-77)%1878%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868188-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sav.%%Sav.%Viola foucaudii%Cat. Pl. Charente-Inf.%49%%%%%%%%unknown 868189-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola foudrasi%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%vii. (1849) 4%%%%%%%%unknown 868190-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sieber%%Sieber%Viola fragrans%Reise Kreta%2: 320%1823%%%%%%%unknown 868191-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb. ex Sabr.%%Wiesb. ex Sabr.%Viola fragrans%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%34: 133%1884%%%%%%%unknown 868192-1%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola franchetii%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%47: 321%1901%%%%%%%unknown 300165-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%N.H.Holmgren%%N.H.Holmgren%Viola frank-smithii%Brittonia%44: 303, figs. 1E-H%1992%%%%%%Cache County (Utah, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868194-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola fraterna%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%241%%%%%%%%unknown 265926-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola friderici%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 359%1925%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 868196-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola frigida%Fl. Atacam.%9.%1860%%%%%%%unknown 868197-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil. & W.Becker%%Phil. & W.Becker%Viola frigida%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%24: 112, descr. emend.%1927%%%%%%%unknown 265927-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola frigida var. borchersi%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 903%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868198-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Velen.%%Velen.%Viola frondosa%Rel. Mrkvickanae%6 (1922)%%%%%%%%unknown 77200805-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola frusinatae%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 201, fig. 11%2018%%Etymology: Areale: Frusinate, comprensorio montuoso del basso Lazio e Abruzzo; Relativa alla regione meridionale del Lazio%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 265928-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola frutescens%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 897%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868199-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roth%%Roth%Viola frutescens%Nov. Pl. Sp.%166%1821%%%%%%%unknown 868200-1%1.1.2.1.1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ruiz & Pav. ex Ging.%%Ruiz & Pav. ex Ging.%Viola frutescens%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 308%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868201-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bubani%%Bubani%Viola fruticans%Fl. Pyren. (Bubani)%3: 111%1901%%%%%%%unknown 265929-2%1.3.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola fruticosa%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1929(4): 121%1929%%%%%%Northwestern South America%tax. nov. 868203-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Druce%%Druce%Viola fryeri%Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles%7(5): 865, in obs., hybr.%1926%%%%%%%unknown 77067086-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.Watan.%%S.Watan.%Viola × fujisanensis%J. Jap. Bot.%80(2): 121 (-122; fig. 1 (photo))%2005%%%%%%Honshu (Japan, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868204-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola fukienensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%22: 337%1926%%%%%%%unknown 265930-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola fulcrata%Pittonia%4(25): 285%1901%%%%%%Vancouver Island%tax. nov. 868206-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × funesta%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%38: 220%1888%%%%%%%unknown 868207-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%Viola funghuangensis%Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Or.%6: 292%1977%%%%%%%unknown 265931-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola fuscifolia%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 94%1907%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 991631-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(L.G.Adams) T.A.James%(L.G.Adams)%T.A.James%Viola fuscoviolacea%Muelleria%9: 35%1996%%%Violaceae Viola hederacea Labill. subsp. fuscoviolacea L.G.Adams%%%%comb. nov. 868209-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola fusiformis%Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.)%xxxvii. n. 9%%%%%%%%unknown 265932-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola galacifolia%Pittonia%5(26): 30%1902%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 265933-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola galeanaensis%Madroño%9: 131%1947%%%%%%Nuevo León (Mexico, Northern America)%tax. nov. 868212-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola gan-chouenensis%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 251%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868213-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hausm. ex Nyman%%Hausm. ex Nyman%Viola ganderi%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 79%1878%%%%%%%unknown 77089255-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × ganeschinii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 389 (-390; fig. 4)%2007%%%%%%Irkutsk (Siberia, Asia-Temperate);Yakutiya (Siberia, Asia-Temperate);Tuva (Siberia, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 77135828-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola ganiatsasii%Bios (Thessalonika)%Vol. A (App.): 67%1989%%published as reprint%%%%%tax. nov. 868214-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Strobl%%Strobl%Viola garganica%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%27: 224%1877%%%%%%%unknown 77200806-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola gaviolii%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 202, fig. 12%2018%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 77144865-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson, M.P.Cárdenas & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson, M.P.Cárdenas & A.R.Flores%Viola gelida%Gayana, Bot.%70(2): 390%2013%%doi:10.4067/S0717-66432013000200016%%%%Chile Central (Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 265934-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola geminiflora%Pittonia%5(26): 29%1902%%%%%%Idaho (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868216-1%1.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chenevard%%Chenevard%Viola genevensis%Bull. Trav. Soc. Bot. Genève%ix. 98.%%%%%%%%unknown 297752-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sparre%%Sparre%Viola germainii%Lilloa%17: 384, fig.1%1949%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868218-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gross%%Gross%Viola gerstlaueri%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 37, hybr.%1921%%%%%%%unknown 868219-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.Gross%%L.Gross%Viola × gerstlaueri%Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges.%iii. 377 (1917).%%%%%%%%unknown 868220-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Raf.%%Raf.%Viola gibbosa%Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev.%3: 356, nomen%1818%%%%%%%unknown 30183315-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola glabella%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 142%1838%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868221-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola glabella%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 142%1838%%%%%%%unknown 265935-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Suksd.%%Suksd.%Viola glabella var. remotifolia%Werdenda%1: 26%1927%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1070995-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Ging. ex Chapm.) House%(Ging. ex Chapm.)%House%Viola glaberrima%Torreya%6(8): 172%1906%%Reference to the basionym indirect%Violaceae Viola hastata Michx. var. glaberrima Ging. ex Chapm.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868223-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Murb.) Ye.V.Serg.%(Murb.)%Ye.V.Serg.%Viola glaberrima%Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R.%21: 283%1961%nom. illeg. later homonym%%Violaceae Viola rupestris F.W.Schmidt var. glaberrima Murb.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 1019257-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Neuman) Tzvelev%(Neuman)%Tzvelev%Viola × glabrescens%Opred. Sosud. Rast. Severo-Zap. Rossii%679 (2000):%2000%%%Violaceae Viola arenaria DC. var. glabrescens%%%%comb. nov. 868224-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poepp. & Endl.%%Poepp. & Endl.%Viola glacialis%Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. (Poeppig & Endlicher)%ii. 49. t. 165.%%%%%%%%unknown 319642-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.E.Ballard & P.Jørg.%%H.E.Ballard & P.Jørg.%Viola glandularis%Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard.%75: 956%1999%%[Gandhi 14 Apr 2000] nom. nov. for V. glandulifera Hook. 1837 (later homonym; non Wall. in Roxb. 1824).%%%%Cordillera of Pillaro, Quitinian Andes, Tungurahua (Ecuador, Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 319641-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola glandulifera%Icon. Pl.%1: t. 67%1837%%[Gandhi 14 Apr 2000] later homonym (non Wall. in Roxb. 1824); replaced by V. glandularis H. E. Ballard & P. Jorg. 1999.%%%%Cordillera of Pillaro, Quitinian Andes, Tungurahua (Ecuador, Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868226-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola glandulifera%Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich ed.)%2: 452%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868228-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dombey ex Ging.%%Dombey ex Ging.%Viola glandulosa%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 297%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868229-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb.%%M.Bieb.%Viola glauca%Fl. Taur.-Caucas.%3: 165%%%%%%%%unknown 868230-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Oudem.%%Oudem.%Viola glaucescens%Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi%3: 74%1867%%%%%%%unknown 868231-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola glechomoides%Flora%47: 40%1864%%%%%%%unknown 868232-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × gloggnitzensis%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%37: 197%1887%%%%%%Austria%unknown 868233-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola glutinosa%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 647%1808%%%%%%%unknown 868234-1%1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schult.%%Schult.%Viola gmeliniana%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 354%1819%%J.A. Schultes is the author of vols. 5 and 6 (excluding a few treatments)%%%%%tax. nov. 868235-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Żmuda%%Żmuda%Viola godlewskii%Kosmos%xxxviii. 1167 (1913), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 265936-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola godoyae%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 493%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 265937-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola gomphopetala%Pl. Baker. [Greene]%3: 11%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868238-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen%%Sennen%Viola gonzali%Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat.%25(7-8): 135%1926%%%%%%%unknown 868239-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola gotlandica%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. I. 57, hybr.%1910%%%%%%%unknown 868240-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola gracilescens%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 20%%%%%%%%unknown 868241-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Clem.%%Clem.%Viola gracilis%Sert. Orient.%16%%%%%%%%unknown 868242-1%1.1.2.2.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%R.Br. ex Ging.%%R.Br. ex Ging.%Viola gracilis%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 305%1824%nom. inval. in syn.%%%%%%tax. nov. 868243-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Biv.%%Biv.%Viola gracilis%Stirp. Rar. Sicil.%iv. 25%%%%%%%%unknown 868244-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rchb.%%Rchb.%Viola gracilis%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%709%%%%%%%%unknown 868245-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola gracilis%Fl. Graec. Prodr.%1(1): 146%1806%%%%%%%unknown 868246-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Martr. ex Nyman%%Martr. ex Nyman%Viola gracilis%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 81%1878%%%%%%%unknown 77110165-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Terracc.%%A.Terracc.%Viola gracilis var. calabra%Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.%21: 323, 327%1889%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 77200800-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Terracc.%%A.Terracc.%Viola gracilis var. calabra%Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma%4(1): 77%1890%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868247-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.St.-Hil.%%A.St.-Hil.%Viola gracillima%Hist. Pl. Remarq. Bresil%275.%%%%%%%%unknown 868248-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chatenier%%Chatenier%Viola gracillima%Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Sud-Est%iv. 37 (1885), in obs., hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 265938-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola gracillima var. incisa%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%5: 46%1908%%%%%%Brazil (Southern America)%tax. nov. 868249-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola grahamii%Pl. Hartw. [Bentham]%35%1840%%%%%%%unknown 265939-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola grahamii f. pubescens%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 1%1924%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868250-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Huter%%Huter%Viola granatensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%54: 337%1904%%%%%%%unknown 265940-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kalela%%Kalela%Viola grandidentata%Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A%54(5): 17, fig. 5%1940%%%%%%East Patagonia%tax. nov. 60456723-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vest%%Vest%Viola grandiflora%Steiermark. Z.%1(3): 158%1821%nom. illeg. later homonym non L. (1771)%%%%%%tax. nov. 868252-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola grandiflora%Herb. ex Steud. Nom. ed. II.%ii. 771%%%%%%%%unknown 868253-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola grandiflora%Mant. Pl. Altera%518%1771%%%%%%%unknown 868254-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Griseb.%%Griseb.%Viola grandiflora%Spic. Fl. Rumel.%1(2/3): 238%1843%%%%%%%unknown 868255-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola grandifolia%Numer. List [Wallich]%n. 1447%1829%%%%%%%unknown 265941-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola grandis%Cybele Columb.%1: 28%1914%%%%%%x, District of Columbia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868257-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola grandisepala%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 250%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868258-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chatenier%%Chatenier%Viola granitica%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%58: 287, hybr.%1911%%%%%%%unknown 868259-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wedd.%%Wedd.%Viola granulosa%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 5, 1: 292%1864%%%%%%%unknown 868260-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch. & Sav.%%Franch. & Sav.%Viola grayi%Enum. Pl. Jap.%2: 288%1878%%%%%%%unknown 892684-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Nakai) E.Hama%(Nakai)%E.Hama%Viola grayi f. pubescens%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 343%1976%%%%%%%unknown 868261-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai & Maekawa%%Nakai & Maekawa%Viola greatrexii%Iconogr. Pl. Asiae Orient.%1(1): 6%1935%%%%%%%unknown 291153-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × greenei%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 507%1924%%Viola emarginata X papilionacea%%%%%tax. nov. 291154-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × greenmanii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 505%1924%%Viola cucullata X triloba%%%%%tax. nov. 868264-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Druce%%Druce%Viola gregoriae%Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles%7(5): 865, in obs., hybr.%1926%%%%%%%unknown 868265-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr%%Murr%Viola × gremblichii%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%iv. (1886) 151; Borb. in Hallier, Koch's Syn.Deutsch. Fl. ed. 3 (1892) 184,%%%%%%%%unknown 868266-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola griffithiana%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 1: 54%1854%%%%%%%unknown 77320003-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Fernald) H.E.Ballard%(Fernald)%H.E.Ballard%Viola grisea%J. Torrey Bot. Soc.%150(1): 109%2023%%doi:10.3159/TORREY-D-22-00029.1%Violaceae Viola septentrionalis Greene var. grisea Fernald%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868267-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vis.%%Vis.%Viola grisebachiana%Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci.%x. (1861) 436.%%%%%%%%unknown 868268-1%1.1.2.2.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola gronovii%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 359, in textu%1819%%%%%%%unknown 77089259-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × grubovii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 395 (-397; fig. 10)%2007%%%%%%Mongolia (Mongolia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868269-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola grypoceras%in Perry, Jap. Exped.%ii. 308%%%%%%%%unknown 77252469-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Miq.) Nakai%(Miq.)%Nakai%Viola grypoceras var. exilis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: (55), (89_%1922%%%%%%%comb. nov. 77252771-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) F.Maek.%(Nakai)%F.Maek.%Viola grypoceras var. hichitoana%Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon.%3: 203%1954%%%Violaceae Viola hichitoana Nakai%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77312015-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Nakai) M.Mizush.%(Nakai)%M.Mizush.%Viola grypoceras f. pubescens%Sci. Res. Ozegahara Moor%450%1954%%%Violaceae Viola grypoceras A.Gray var. pubescens Nakai%%%%comb. nov. 77312189-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola grypoceras var. pubescens%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: (55)%1922%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77252786-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) Ohwi%(Nakai)%Ohwi%Viola grypoceras var. rhizomata%Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo%33: 80%1953%%%Violaceae Viola rhizomata Nakai%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 991493-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%N.Yamada & M.Okamoto%%N.Yamada & M.Okamoto%Viola grypoceras var. ripensis%Bull. Osaka Mus. Nat. Hist.%50: 2 (1996)%1996%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 286955-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.M.Powell & Wauer%%A.M.Powell & Wauer%Viola guadalupensis%Sida%14: 1 (-2), fig. 1%1990%%%%%%Texas (South-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77105500-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Q.Dong, J.S.Zhou & F.W.Xing%%A.Q.Dong, J.S.Zhou & F.W.Xing%Viola guangzhouensis%Novon%19(4): 457 (-460; fig. 1)%2009%%%%%%Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 265942-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola guatemalensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 6%1924%%%%%%Guatemala, Mexico%tax. nov. 265943-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola guatemalensis f. pubescentior%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 7%1924%%%%%%Guatemala (Central America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 77209272-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Marrero, Docoito Díaz & Martín Esquivel%%M.Marrero, Docoito Díaz & Martín Esquivel%Viola guaxarensis%Willdenowia%50(1): 16%2020%%doi:10.3372/wi.50.50102%%%%Canary Is. (Macaronesia, Africa)%tax. nov. 77113285-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nauenb.%%Nauenb.%Viola guestphalica%Haussknechtia%12: 54%2010%%%%%%Germany (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 929922-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nauenb.%%Nauenb.%Viola guestphalica%Untersuch. Variab. Ökol. & Syst. Viola tricolor-Gruppe Mitteleuropa%98 (1986)%1986%nom. inval. inneffectively published, see Vienna Code Art. 30.5%%%%%Germany (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868271-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy%%Rouy%Viola guffroyi%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%58: 298%1911%%%%%%%unknown 868272-1%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schumach. & Thonn.%%Schumach. & Thonn.%Viola guineensis%Beskr. Guin. Pl.%133%1827%%%%%%%unknown 868273-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Giraudias%%Giraudias%Viola × guitteanae%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%42: 374%1895%%%%%%%unknown 868274-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Janka%%Janka%Viola gymnocarpa%Linnaea%30(5): 559%1859%%%%%%%unknown 868275-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola hakonensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: (90), japonice.%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868276-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola hakonensis%Icon. Pl. Koisikav.%4: 87, in syn.%1921%%%%%%%unknown 20012339-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Degen & Dörfl.%%Degen & Dörfl.%Viola × halacsyana%Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl.%64: 711 (1897)%1897%%%%%%Yugoslavia (Macedonia)%tax. nov. 868277-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × hallieri%Magyar Növényt. Lapok%xiii. (1890) 78; et in Hallier, Koch's Syn. Deutsch.Fl. ed. 3 (1892) 183.%%%%%%%%unknown 868278-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola hallii%Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts%viii. (1872) 377.%%%%%%%%unknown 868279-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%D.Don%%D.Don%Viola hamiltoniana%Prodr. Fl. Nepal.%206%1825%%%%%%%unknown 868280-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola hancockii%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 249%1928%%%%%%%unknown 951200-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%J.W.Wang%%J.W.Wang%Viola hancockii var. fangshanensis%Acta Phytotax. Sin.%27(3): 202%1989%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 868281-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Miyabe & Tatew.%%Miyabe & Tatew.%Viola harae%Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc.%xvi. 182 (1940).%%%%%%%%unknown 30085021-2%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Michx.%%Michx.%Viola hastata%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michaux)%2: 149 (-150)%1803%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 265944-2%1.4.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola hastata var. glaberrima%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 300, sphalm.%1824%%Gingins did not publish var. glaberrima. He cited glaberrima as a descriptive character for an unnamed varietal taxon.%%%%North Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266644-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ging. ex Chapm.%%Ging. ex Chapm.%Viola hastata var. glaberrima%Fl. South. U.S., ed. 3.%34%1897%%%%%%North Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266645-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola hastata var. tripartita%Bot. Gaz.%11: 291%1886%%%%%%%tax. nov. 938329-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.St.John%%H.St.John%Viola hawaiiensis%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 169%1989%%%%%%Hawaiian Is.%tax. nov. 77221807-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × haynaldii%Herb. Eur.%1886: 3133%1886%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868283-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola hebecarpa%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%79%1866%%%%%%%unknown 934622-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.W.Wang & T.G.Ma%%J.W.Wang & T.G.Ma%Viola hebeiensis%Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin%8(2): 130%1988%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 868284-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Labill.%%Labill.%Viola hederacea%Nov. Holl. Pl.%1: 66, t. 91%1805%%%%%%%unknown 125156-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Guilf.%%Guilf.%Viola hederacea var. alba%Australian Plants%%1911%%Description inadequate.%%%%%unknown 917474-1%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%L.G.Adams%%L.G.Adams%Viola hederacea subsp. cleistogamoides%Fl. Australia%8: 386, 98%1982%%%%%%Australia (S. Australia;Victoria;New South Wales);Tasmania.;%tax. nov. 917475-1%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%L.G.Adams%%L.G.Adams%Viola hederacea subsp. curtisiae%Fl. Australia%8: 386, 99%1982%%%%%%Tasmania.%tax. nov. 125291-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola hederacea var. elatines%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%%1824%%Published as `\u03b2 elatines'. Base name for Erpetion reniforme Sweet.%%%%%unknown 917476-1%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%L.G.Adams%%L.G.Adams%Viola hederacea subsp. fuscoviolacea%Fl. Australia%8: 386, 98%1982%%%%%%Australia (Victoria;New South Wales);Tasmania.;%tax. nov. 125380-3%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Domin%%Domin%Viola hederacea var. genuina%Biblioth. Bot.%89: 427%1928%%nom. inval. as this is the type variety.%%%%%unknown 125399-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%forma%(R.Br.) Siebert & Voss%(R.Br.)%Siebert & Voss%Viola hederacea forma gracilis%Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3.%%1896%%nom. inval.? Publication seen at E.%%%%%unknown 125419-3%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Labill.%%Labill.%Viola hederacea subsp. hederacea%Fl. Australia%%%%Autonym.%%%%%unknown 125456-3%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Labill.%%Labill.%Viola hederacea var. hederacea%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%%1824%%Autonym.%%%%%unknown 125460-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%forma%Labill.%%Labill.%Viola hederacea forma hederacea%Vilmorin's Blumeng?rtnerei 1%%1896%%Autonym. Publication seen at E.%%%%%unknown 125490-3%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%forma%Domin%%Domin%Viola hederacea forma lobulata%Biblioth. Bot.%89: 428%1928%%%%%%%unknown 917477-1%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%L.G.Adams%%L.G.Adams%Viola hederacea subsp. perreniformis%Fl. Australia%8: 386, 98%1982%%%%%%Australia (Queensland;New South Wales).;%tax. nov. 125537-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola hederacea var. petiolaris%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%%1824%%Published as `\u03b3 petiolaris'. Base name for Erpetion petiolare (DC.) G.Don.%%%%%unknown 125617-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%forma%(Sweet) Siebert & Voss%(Sweet)%Siebert & Voss%Viola hederacea forma reniformis%Vilmorin's Blumeng?rtnerei 1%%1896%%Publication seen at E.%Violaceae Erpetion reniforme Sweet%%%%comb. nov. 917478-1%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%L.G.Adams%%L.G.Adams%Viola hederacea subsp. seppeltiana%Fl. Australia%8: 387, 99%1982%%%%%%Australia (S. Australia;Victoria).;%tax. nov. 125697-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hook.) Hook.f.%(Hook.)%Hook.f.%Viola hederacea var. sieberi%Bot. Antarct. Voy. III. (Fl. Tasman.).%%1857%%%Violaceae Viola sieberi Hook.%%%%comb. nov. 125746-3%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hook.) W.Becker%(Hook.)%W.Becker%Viola hederacea var. sieberi%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 429%1917%%%%%%%comb. nov. 125865-3%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Spreng.) Domin%(Spreng.)%Domin%Viola hederacea var. sieberiana%Biblioth. Bot.%89: 428%1928%%%Violaceae Viola sieberiana Spreng.%%%%comb. nov. 921665-1%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Spreng.) L.G.Adams%(Spreng.)%L.G.Adams%Viola hederacea subsp. sieberiana%Fl. Australia%8: 387, 99%1982%%%Violaceae Viola sieberiana Spreng.%%%%comb. nov. 868285-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola hediniana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 262%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868286-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola heldreichiana%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 8: 53%1849%%%%%%%unknown 868287-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%C.N.Forbes & Lydgate%%C.N.Forbes & Lydgate%Viola helenae%Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus.%4: 218%1909%%The specific epithet was named by Mr Lydgate for his wife (Helen).%%%%%tax. nov. 868288-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hillebr.%%Hillebr.%Viola helioscopia%Fl. Hawaiian Isl. [Hillebrand]%17%1888%%%%%%%unknown 266646-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola helleriana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%40(2): 64%1923%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868290-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brügger%%Brügger%Viola × helvetica%Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens%II. xxiii-xxiv. (1880) 72.%%%%%%%%unknown 266647-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Calderón%%Calderón%Viola hemsleyana%Phytologia%52: 101 (-103), fig%1982%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 77221908-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Willk. ex Cout.) W.Becker%(Willk. ex Cout.)%W.Becker%Viola henriquesii%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%56: 190%1906%%%%%%%comb. nov. 868291-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola henryi%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. i. 1075.%%%%%%%%unknown 868292-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ridl.%%Ridl.%Viola herbivaga%J. Bot.%73: 17%1935%%%%%%%unknown 868293-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rothm.%%Rothm.%Viola herminii%Bol. Soc. Brot.%sér. 2, 13: 278, in obs.%1939%%%%%%%unknown 77221975-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Becker) Bornm.%(W.Becker)%Bornm.%Viola herzogii%Magyar Bot. Lapok%32: 141%1933%%%%%%%comb. nov. 868294-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Druce%%Druce%Viola heslopii%Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles%8(Suppl.): 9, hybr.%1929%%%%%%%unknown 868295-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Caball.%%Caball.%Viola × heterantha%Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid%5: 507, in obs., sine descr. lat.%1945%%%%%%%unknown 77221855-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × heterocarpa%Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl.%ed. 3, 1: 197%1892%%%%%%%tax. nov. 325513-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl.%%Muhl.%Viola heterophylla%Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.%26%1813%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%Pennsylvania, Carolina, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 77113710-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Elliott) Muhl. ex Leconte%(Elliott)%Muhl. ex Leconte%Viola heterophylla%Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York%2*4-5): 139%1826%nom. illeg. later homonym non Poir. (1808)%%Violaceae Viola palmata L. var. heterophylla Elliott%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868296-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola heterophylla%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 646%1808%%%%%%%unknown 868297-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bertol.%%Bertol.%Viola heterophylla%Rar. Lig. [Ital.] Pl.%3: 53%1810%%%%%%%unknown 868298-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl.%%Muhl.%Viola heterophylla%Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.%26%1813%%%%%%%unknown 868299-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poll%%Poll%Viola heterophylla%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xii. 191 (1906).%%%%%%%%unknown 77196245-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola heterophylla subsp. ilvensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 324%1909%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868300-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Heldr.%%Boiss. & Heldr.%Viola heterosepala%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 6: 23%1859%%%%%%%unknown 77327160-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yan S.Huang, Q.L.Ye & Q.Fan%%Yan S.Huang, Q.L.Ye & Q.Fan%Viola heyuanensis%Nordic J. Bot.%2023(6)-e03941: 7%2023%%doi:10.1111/njb.03941 Etymology: 'The specific epithet refers to Heyuan city, the locality of the type collection'.%%%%Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868301-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola hichitoana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 34%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868302-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola hidakana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 30%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868303-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola hideoi%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 33%1922%%%%%%%unknown 266648-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola hieronymi%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 185%1922%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 266649-2%1.3.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola hillii%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 134%1928%%%%%%Peru, Bolivia%tax. nov. 868306-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola himalayensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 72%1921%%%%%%%unknown 868307-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Crantz%%Crantz%Viola hirsuta%Inst. Rei Herb.%2: 430 (1766); Roem. & Schult. Syst. 5: 361%%%%%%%%unknown 266650-2%1.3.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola hirsutula%Rhodora%9(no. 102): 98%1907%%Although Brainerd flagged V. hirsutula as a nom.nov.; he inadvertently published V. hirsutula as a new species (protologue: Viola hirsutula, nom. now (V, villosa Nutt. and recent authors, not Walter; V. sororia LeConte and Eaton, not Willdenow).)%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266651-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%L.K.Henry%%L.K.Henry%Viola hirsutula f. albicans%Castanea%18: 46%1953%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868309-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola hirta%Sp. Pl.%2: 934%1753%%%%%%%unknown 868310-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schwein.%%Schwein.%Viola hirta%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%5: 50%1822%%%%%%%unknown 60460161-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Beck%%Beck%Viola hirta var. gymnocarpa%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17(29): 450%1921%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868311-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × hirtiformis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%30: 190%1880%%%%%%%unknown 868312-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola hirtipedoides%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 73%1921%%%%%%%unknown 868313-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.Moore%%S.Moore%Viola hirtipes%J. Linn. Soc., Bot.%17: 379, t. 16%1879%%%%%%%unknown 892685-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola hirtipes f. glabra%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 868314-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gren. & Godr.%%Gren. & Godr.%Viola hirto-alba%Fl. France [Grenier]%1: 176%1847%%%%%%%unknown 868315-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lam.%%Lam.%Viola hispida%Fl. Franç. (Lamarck)%2: 679%1779%%%%%%%unknown 868316-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lapeyr.%%Lapeyr.%Viola hispida%Hist. Pl. Pyrenées%123%1813%%%%%%%unknown 868317-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juz.%%Juz.%Viola hissarica%Fl. URSS%15: 682%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868318-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maekawa%%Maekawa%Viola × hiyamae%in Hara, Enum. Spermat. Jap.%Pt. 3, 224 (1954), sine descr. lat.%%%%%%%%unknown 868319-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rchb. ex Nyman%%Rchb. ex Nyman%Viola hladnikii%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 77%1878%%%%%%%unknown 291155-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × hollickii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 503%1924%%Viola affinis X fimbriatula%%%%%tax. nov. 291156-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × holmiana%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 507%1924%%Viola brittoniana X emarginata%%%%%tax. nov. 868322-1%1.1.2.2.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.H.L.Krause%%E.H.L.Krause%Viola × holsatica%Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges.%(1887) 25; Prahl, Krit. Fl. Prov. Schlesv.-Holst. ii.(1890) 22.%%%%%%%%unknown 868323-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola holubyi%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 107%%%%%%%%unknown 868324-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Boissieu%%W.Becker & Boissieu%Viola hondoensis%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. viii. 739 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 868325-1%1.1.2.2.1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thomson ex Hook.f.%%Thomson ex Hook.f.%Viola hookeri%Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker]%1(1): 183%1872%%%%%%%unknown 868326-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch.%%Franch.%Viola hookeri%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%32: 5%1886%%%%%%%unknown 868327-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Auct.%%Auct.%Viola hookeri%Just's Bot. Jahresber.%25(2): 508, errore%1900%%%%%%%unknown 868328-1%1.1.2.1.1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thomson & W.Becker%%Thomson & W.Becker%Viola hookeri%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 259, descr. emend.%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868329-1%1.2.1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thomson, Spare & C.E.C.Fisch.%%Thomson, Spare & C.E.C.Fisch.%Viola hookeri%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1929(8): 251, descr. emend.%1929%%%%%%%unknown 868330-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kunth%%Kunth%Viola hookeriana%Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]%v. 369.%%%%%%%%unknown 868331-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roem. & Schult.%%Roem. & Schult.%Viola hornemanniana%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 370%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868332-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola hortensis%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%82%1866%%%%%%%unknown 868333-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola hortensis%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 41%1896%%%%%%%unknown 77209462-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Wittr.%%Wittr.%Viola hortensis var. grandiflora%Acta Horti Berg.%2(7): 53%1896%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868334-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thorsrud & Reisaeter%%Thorsrud & Reisaeter%Viola × hortorum%Norske Pl.%121 (1948).%%%%%%%%unknown 938330-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.St.John%%H.St.John%Viola hosakae%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 173%1989%%%%%%Hawaiian Is.%tax. nov. 868335-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola hosoii%J. Jap. Bot.%1939, xv. 407.%%%%%%%%unknown 868336-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola hossei%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 257%1916%%%%%%%unknown 266652-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola howellii%Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts%22: 308%1887%%%%%%Oregon and Washington%tax. nov. 266653-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola huanucoensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 186%1922%%%%%%%tax. nov. 321501-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Martic.%%Martic.%Viola huesoensis%Gayana, Bot.%57(2): 191%2000%%[Gandhi 31 Aug 2001] nom. nov. for V. litoralis Phil. 1860 (later homonym; non Spreng. 1818)%%%%arena litorali ad Tartal c. 25°26' lat. mer., Chile%tax. nov. 868339-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gay%%Gay%Viola huidobrii%Fl. Chil. [Gay]%1: 214%1846%%%%%%%unknown 868340-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola huidobrii%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xii. 4 (1906).%%%%%%%%unknown 77216568-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Huang & Q.Fan%%Y.S.Huang & Q.Fan%Viola huizhouensis%PhytoKeys%176: 70, figs. 2-3%2021%%doi:10.3897/phytokeys.176.65443%%%%Guangdong (China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868341-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola hultenii%Ark. Bot.%22A(3): 4%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868342-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Triana & Planch.%%Triana & Planch.%Viola humboldtii%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 4, 17: 121%1862%%%%%%%unknown 266654-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola humboldtii var. cuneata%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 91%1907%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266655-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Britton%%Britton%Viola humboldtii var. renifolia%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%16(1): 18%1889%%%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868343-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vuk.%%Vuk.%Viola humifusa%Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan.%lxvi. 16%1883%%%%%%%unknown 868344-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kunth%%Kunth%Viola humilis%Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]%v. 369.%%%%%%%%unknown 868345-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen%%Sennen%Viola humillima%Campagn. Bot. Maroc Or.%1930-5, 104 (1936), in obs., nomen.%%%%%%%%unknown 868346-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hand.-Mazz.%%Hand.-Mazz.%Viola hunanensis%Symb. Sin.%Pt. vii. 376 (1931)%%%%%%%%unknown 868347-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Degen & Sabr.%%Degen & Sabr.%Viola × hungarica%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%(1885) 8; G. Beck. Fl. Nied.-Oest. ii. I. (1892)512.%%%%%%%%unknown 868348-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola hupeiana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 232%1916%%%%%%%unknown 266656-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola huronensis%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 96%1910%%%%%%Ontario (Eastern Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 77145097-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.B.Liao & Q.Fan%%W.B.Liao & Q.Fan%Viola hybanthoides%Phytotaxa%197(1): 20%2015%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.197.1.2%%%%Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 266657-2%1.3.2.2.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola hybanthus%Sp. Pl., ed. 2.%2: 1325%1763%nom. illeg. nom. superfl.%%%%%%nom. nov. 868352-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola hybrida%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%79%1866%%%%%%%unknown 868353-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wulfen ex Roem. & Schult.%%Wulfen ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola hybrida%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 357%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868354-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Krock.%%Krock.%Viola hybrida%Fl. Siles. Suppl.%i. 291 (Quid ?).%%%%%%%%unknown 868355-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola hybrida%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%36: 192%1886%%%%%%%unknown 868356-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.B.Armstr.%%J.B.Armstr.%Viola hydrocotyloides%Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst.%14: 360 (-361)%1882%%%%%%New Zealand (Australasia)%tax. nov. 868357-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Heldr.%%Boiss. & Heldr.%Viola hymettia%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 1: 57%1854%%%%%%%unknown 1010072-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Rupr.) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Rupr.)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × hyperborea%Fl. Vostochnoĭ Evropy%9: 201 (1996):%1996%%%Violaceae Viola epipsila Fr. ex Nyman var. hyyperborea%%%%comb. nov. 868358-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola hypoleuca%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%3: 26%1913%%%%%%%unknown 1012255-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × hyrcanica%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 213 (1998)%1998%%%%%%Transcaucasus (Azerbaydzhan).%tax. nov. 868359-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola ibukiana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%19: 106%1905%%%%%%%unknown 868360-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Viola idaea%Fl. Cret.%14, No. 195 (1916); et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1916, lxiii. 226(1919).%%%%%%%%unknown 868361-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rupr.%%Rupr.%Viola ignobilis%Fl. Caucasi%148.%1869%%%%%%%unknown 1019464-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × igoschinae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 140%2001%%%%%%East European Russia.%tax. nov. 868362-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker ex Takenouchi%%W.Becker ex Takenouchi%Viola ikedaeana%in Fukuoka Hakubuts. Zasshi%(Ed. Ann. Soc. Hist.-Nat. Fukuok.) ii. 193 (1938)%%%%%%%%unknown 266658-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola illinoensis%Pittonia%4(25): 293%1901%%%%%%Illinois (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77196246-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Becker) Arrigoni%(W.Becker)%Arrigoni%Viola ilvensis%Fl. Analítica Toscana%5: 84%2019%%%Violaceae Viola heterophylla Poir. subsp. ilvensis W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 868364-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola imberbis%Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour].%1: 257%1829%%%%%%%unknown 868365-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lév.%%H.Lév.%Viola impatiens%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%13: 343%1914%%%%%%%unknown 901238-1%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.G.Adams%%L.G.Adams%Viola improcera%Fl. Australia%8: 387, 100%1982%%%%%%Australia (Victoria).%tax. nov. 77060091-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola improvisa%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%35: 135 (-137; fig.)%2003%%%%%%Eastern Europe (Europe)%tax. nov. 266659-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola inamoena%Pl. Baker. [Greene]%3: 11%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868367-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola incisa%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%15(2): 302%1842%%%%%%%unknown 77089258-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × incissecta%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 393 (-395; fig. 7)%2007%%%%%%Irkutsk (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 266660-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola incognita%Rhodora%7: 248%1905%%%%%%Quebec to New England%tax. nov. 266661-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola incognita var. forbesii%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%38: 8%1911%%%%%%Quebec to Wisconsin and Tennessee, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868369-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola incomparabilis%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 99%%%%%%%%unknown 868370-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola incompta%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%vii. (1849) 11%%%%%%%%unknown 868371-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Blume%%Blume%Viola inconspicua%Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg (Blume)%57. 1823; et Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 58. 1825.%%%%%%%%unknown 77072075-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Taken.) Yonek.%(Taken.)%Yonek.%Viola inconspicua f. albescens%J. Jap. Bot.%80(6): 326%2005%%%Violaceae Viola minor Makino var. albescens Taken.%%%%comb. nov. 77142477-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Makino) S.S.Ying%(Makino)%S.S.Ying%Viola inconspicua var. minor%Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan%4: 26%1992%%%Violaceae Viola patrinii Ging. var. minor Makino%%%%comb. nov. 966547-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) J.C.Wang & T.C.Huang%(W.Becker)%J.C.Wang & T.C.Huang%Viola inconspicua subsp. nagasakiensis%Taiwania%35(1): 41 (1990):%1990%%%Violaceae Viola mandshurica W.Becker subsp. nagasakiensis%%%%comb. nov. 77072078-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(F.Maek.) Yonek.%(F.Maek.)%Yonek.%Viola inconspicua f. pilosa%J. Jap. Bot.%80(6): 326%2005%%%Violaceae Viola minor Makino f. pilosa F.Maek.%%%%comb. nov. 868372-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola indica%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%20(2): 126%1906%%%%%%%unknown 922867-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(W.Beck.) S.P.Banerjee & Pramanik%(W.Beck.)%S.P.Banerjee & Pramanik%Viola indica f. barbata%Fasc. Fl. India%12: 26 (1983):%1983%%%Violaceae Viola indica W.Becker var. barbata%%%%comb. nov. 266662-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola indivisa%Pittonia%5(27): 124, fig. 8%1903%%%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266663-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola induta%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 216%1906%%%%%%Maryland (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77210870-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Elisafenko%%Elisafenko%Viola ingolensis%Rast. Mir Aziatsk. Rossii%2(34): 12, figs. 3-7%2019%%doi:10.21782/RMAR1995-2449-2019-2(3-15)%%%%Russia%tax. nov. 868375-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb. ex Rupr.%%M.Bieb. ex Rupr.%Viola ingrica%Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches%iv. 48.%%%%%%%%unknown 868376-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gilib.%%Gilib.%Viola inodora%Fl. Lit. Inch.%ii. 123%1782%%%%%%%unknown 868377-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Andrz.%%Andrz.%Viola inodora%in Trud. Kom. Vys. Uchr., Kiev%No. 1 (Enum. Pl. Podol.) 16 (1860)%%%%%%%%unknown 266664-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola inornata%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 2%1903%%%%%%%tax. nov. 291157-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × insessa%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 505%1924%%Viola cucullata X nephrophylla%%%%%tax. nov. 868379-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola insidiosa%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 35, in obs., hybr.%1896%%%%%%%unknown 297821-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola insignis%Bot. Gaz.%26: 334%1898%%%%%%Florida (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868380-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × insignis%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%38: 220%1888%%%%%%Austria (Middle Europe, Europe)%unknown 291299-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × insolita%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 507%1924%%Viola brittoniana X papilionacea%%%%%tax. nov. 868383-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gren. & Godr.%%Gren. & Godr.%Viola insularis%Fl. France [Grenier]%1: 178%1847%%%%%%%unknown 868385-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola insularis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%32: 108%1918%%%%%%%unknown 868386-1%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola integerrima%Linnaea%28(6): 672%1858%%%%%%%unknown 868387-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Spreng.%%Spreng.%Viola integerrima%Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug.%1: 21%1813%%%%%%%unknown 868388-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dulac%%Dulac%Viola integrifolius%Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées%179%1867%%%%%%%unknown 868389-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola interjecta%in Hallier, Koch's Syn. Deutsch. Fl. ed. 3%190; G. Beck. Fl. Nied.-Oest.ii. I. (1892) 510%1892%%%%%%%unknown 868390-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Krock.%%Krock.%Viola intermedia%Fl. Siles. Suppl.%i. 289 (Quid ?).%%%%%%%%unknown 868391-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lej.%%Lej.%Viola intermedia%Rev. Fl. Spa%51%1825%%%%%%%unknown 995483-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kitag.%%Kitag.%Viola × interposita%Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo%6(4): 123%1942%%%%%%Manchuria.%tax. nov. 77221833-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola × intersita%Beih. Bot. Centralbl.%26(2): 379%1910%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868392-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola intertexta%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%41: 642%1891%%%%%%%unknown 868393-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Arv.-Touv.%%Arv.-Touv.%Viola intricata%Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl.%vii. (1880) 264.%%%%%%%%unknown 266666-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola ipecacua%Mant. Pl. Altera [Linnaeus]%484%1771%orth. var.%L. abbreviated his epithet 'ipecacuanha' as 'ipecacua.'%%%%%tax. nov. 1029390-2%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola ipecacuanha%Mant. Pl. Altera%484%1771%%as ipecacua.%%%%%tax. nov. 868395-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola ircutiana%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%15(2): 298%1842%%%%%%%unknown 987796-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Vorosch.%(W.Becker)%Vorosch.%Viola ircutiana subsp. tenuicornis%Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR [A.K.Skvortsov]%182 (1985):%1985%%%Violaceae Viola tenuicornis W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 905524-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zolot.%%Zolot.%Viola irinae%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%21: 230 (1984)%1984%%%%%%U.S.S.R. (Siberia).%tax. nov. 868396-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Contandr. & Quézel%%Contandr. & Quézel%Viola isaurica%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%123(7-8): 419%1976%%%%%%%unknown 868397-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola iselensis%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. l. 40. hybr.%1910%%%%%%%unknown 868398-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola ishidoyana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%27: 129, nomen.%1913%%%%%%%unknown 868399-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juz.%%Juz.%Viola isopetala%Fl. URSS%15: 681%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868400-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Voigt ex E.Vilm.%%Voigt ex E.Vilm.%Viola italica%Fl. Pleine Terre (edition 3)%1206%1870%%%%%%%unknown 868401-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Aubl.%%Aubl.%Viola itoubou%Hist. Pl. Guiane%2: 808%1775%%%%%%%unknown 907262-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola ivonis%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 608 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Jugoslavia.%tax. nov. 868402-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola iwagawai%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%26: 158%1912%%%%%%%unknown 868403-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Khek. ex Pacher%%Khek. ex Pacher%Viola × jaborneggii%Nachtr. Fl. Karnt.%(1894) 166.%%%%%%%%unknown 868404-1%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola jaccardii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%3: 132%1906%%%%%%%unknown 868405-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola jacquiniana%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%885%1821%%%%%%%unknown 868406-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola jagellonica%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 455%1914%%%%%%%unknown 266667-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola jalapaensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 125%1922%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868408-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola jangiensis%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1929(6): 201%1929%%%%%%%unknown 868409-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Korth.%%Korth.%Viola japonica%Ned. Kruidk. Arch.%i. (1848) 357 (sp. dub.).%%%%%%%%unknown 868410-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Langsd. ex Ging.%%Langsd. ex Ging.%Viola japonica%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 295%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868411-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Mares & Vigin.%%Mares & Vigin.%Viola jaubertiana%Cat. Pl. Vasc. Baléares%37. t. 2.%1880%%%%%%%unknown 868412-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola javanica%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 260%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868413-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker.%%W.Becker.%Viola javanica%Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan%278, in adnot.%1917%%%%%%%unknown 975010-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zuev%%Zuev%Viola jeniseensis%Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol.%98(4): 104 (1993)%1993%%%%%%Krasnoyarsk.%tax. nov. 1019620-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hand.-Mazz.%%Hand.-Mazz.%Viola × jettmarii%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%88(4): 302%1939%%%%%%China North-Central (Shaanxi).%tax. nov. 77166014-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Kim%%M.Kim%Viola × jindoensis%Korean Endemic Pl.%149%2017%%%%%%Korea (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77126210-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Z.L.Ning & J.P.Liao%%Z.L.Ning & J.P.Liao%Viola jinggangshanensis%Ann. Bot. Fenn.%49(5-6): 383%2012%%doi:10.5735/085.049.0610%%%%Jiangxi (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 70028956-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.H.Huang%%S.H.Huang%Viola jizushanensis%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%25(4): 431 (2003)%2003%%%%%%Yunnan (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77090491-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kárpáti%%Kárpáti%Viola × joannis-wagneri%Borbásia%5-6: 89 (88-90; figs.)%1946%%%%%%Hungary (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 266668-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola joergensenii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%22: 353%1926%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 266669-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola johnstonii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%24: 110%1927%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 868416-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Janka%%Janka%Viola jooi%Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl.%7: 198%1857%%%%%%%unknown 868417-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hanry%%Hanry%Viola jordanii%in Prodr. Hist. Nat. Dep. Var (Cat. Pl. Vasc. Var)%169; cf. Albert & Jahandiez, Cat. Pl. Vasc. Var, 584 (1908); W. Becker in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. xxxiv.II. 379 (1917), cum descr. lat%1853%%%%%%%unknown 77203765-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola × josephii%Int. Rock Gard.%119: 98%2019%%%%%%Tucumán (Argentina Northwest, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868418-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola jucunda%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%20%1852%%%%%%%unknown 868419-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ridl.%%Ridl.%Viola jugalis%J. Bot.%73: 18%1935%%%%%%%unknown 868420-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brügger%%Brügger%Viola × julia%in Zeitschr. Ferdinand. Tirol. III.%ix. (1860) 62.%%%%%%%%unknown 868421-1%1.2.2.1.1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Link ex Steud.%%Link ex Steud.%Viola juressi%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%885%1821%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 868422-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Link ex Wein%%Link ex Wein%Viola juressi%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%12:. 139 (-140)%1906%%The name was first published by Link as a nomen nudum. Coutinho (Bol. Soc. Brot. 10: 28. 1892) published a description but didn't accept the name at species rank%%%%Portugal (Southwestern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 77089260-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × juzepczukii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 397 (-398; fig. 12)%2007%%%%%%Primorye (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 266670-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kalbreyeri%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 180%1922%%%%%%Colombia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868424-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × kalksburgensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%27: 153%1877%%%%%%%unknown 868425-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola kamibayashii%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%30: 287%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868426-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Hultén%%W.Becker & Hultén%Viola kamtschadalorum%Ark. Bot.%22A(3): 6%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868427-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola kamtschatica%Linnaea%1(3): 406%1826%%%%%%%unknown 868428-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sasaki%%Sasaki%Viola kanoi%Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa%19: 413%1929%%%%%%%unknown 868429-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kansuensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%36(2): 56%1918%%%%%%%unknown 868430-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola kapsanensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 35%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868431-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola karakalensis%Fl. URSS%15: 687%1949%%%%%%%unknown 77089261-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin & O.Baranova%%Vl.V.Nikitin & O.Baranova%Viola × karakulensis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 398 (-399; fig. 13, map)%2007%%%%%%East European Russia (Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 77091990-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sanso, M.Seo & Xifreda%%Sanso, M.Seo & Xifreda%Viola karlreicheana%Darwiniana%45(2): 241%2007%%%%%%%nom. nov. 868432-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kashmiriana%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%54(5, Beibl. 120): 182%1917%%%%%%%unknown 868433-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola kauaensis%U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan.%15: 85%1854%%%%%%%unknown 77140439-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(H.St.John) Havran & Ching Harbin%(H.St.John)%Havran & Ching Harbin%Viola kauaensis var. hosakae%PhytoKeys%39: 44%2014%%doi:10.3897/phytokeys.39.6500%Violaceae Viola hosakae H.St.John%%%%comb. nov. 868434-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola kauensis%Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts%ii. (1852) 325%%%%%%%%unknown 77315503-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%C.N.Forbes%%C.N.Forbes%Viola kauensis var. wahiawaensis%Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus.%7(3): 34, t. 4%1920%%%%%%Kauai County (Hawaii, North-Central Pacific, Pacific)%tax. nov. 868435-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola kawakamii%J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo%xxv. Art. 19, 52 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 868436-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Miq.%%Miq.%Viola keiskei%Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi%2: 153%1866%%%%%%%unknown 868437-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kelleri%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 362%1910%%%%%%%unknown 297746-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Nelson%%A.Nelson%Viola kelloggii%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%17: 100%1904%%nom. superfl. for V. purpurea Kellogg (1855)%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266671-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kermesina%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%7: 124%1909%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868440-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × kerneri%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%30: 189%1880%%%%%%%unknown 868441-1%1.1.2.3.1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás ex K.Richt.%%Borbás ex K.Richt.%Viola × keterocarpa%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%xli. 20%1891%%%%%%%unknown 868442-1%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kiangsiensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 321%1925%%%%%%%unknown 868443-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Prahl%%Prahl%Viola kiliensis%Krit. Fl. Prov. Schlesw.-Holst.%ii. (1890) 24%%%%%%%%unknown 868444-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola kishidai%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 69%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868445-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola kisoana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 559%1928%%%%%%%unknown 30136419-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schult.%%Schult.%Viola kitaibeliana%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 383%1819%%J.A. Schultes is the author of vols. 5 and 6 (excluding a few treatments)%%%%%tax. nov. 868446-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schult.%%Schult.%Viola kitaibeliana%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 383%1819%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60472194-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Capelo & C.Aguiar%%Capelo & C.Aguiar%Viola kitaibeliana subsp. machadiana%Silva Lusitana%3(1): 126%1995%%[non vidi; Validity uncertain]%%%%%tax. nov. 77185833-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(DC.) P.D.Sell%(DC.)%P.D.Sell%Viola kitaibeliana var. nana%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola tricolor L. var. nana DC.%%%%comb. nov. 266672-2%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) Fernald%(Greene)%Fernald%Viola kitaibeliana var. rafinesquii%Rhodora%40: 443%1938%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1017091-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(DC.) Espeut%(DC.)%Espeut%Viola kitaibeliana subsp. trimestris%Monde Pl.%464: 20%1999%%%Violaceae Viola tricolor L. var. trimestris DC.%%%%comb. nov. 77109719-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(DC.) Espeut%(DC.)%Espeut%Viola kitaibeliana var. trimestris%Biocosme Mésogéen%27(4): 132%2010%%%Violaceae Viola tricolor L. var. trimestris DC.%%%%comb. nov. 868447-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola kitamiana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 564%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868448-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola kiusiana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 138%1902%%%%%%%unknown 20005343-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dinç & Yıld.%%Dinç & Yıld.%Viola kizildaghensis%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%138(4): 483 (2002)%2002%%%%%%Turkey%tax. nov. 868449-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Melch.%%Melch.%Viola kjellbergii%Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem%12: 206%1934%%%%%%%unknown 77159848-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ronniger%%Ronniger%Viola × klingeana%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%53: 531%1903%%description - page 231; hybrid parents - page 146%%%%%tax. nov. 868450-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola klopotovi%in B. Fedtsch. Fl. Asiat. Ross.%No. 8, 74 (1915), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 868451-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ridl.%%Ridl.%Viola klossii%Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot.%9(1): 18%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868452-1%1.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kirschl.%%Kirschl.%Viola kochii%Mem. Strasb.%iii. n. II. (1840) 12. t. 1%%%%%%%%unknown 868453-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola koehleri%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%24: 204, hybr.%1927%%%%%%%unknown 947227-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Rock) H.St.John%(Rock)%H.St.John%Viola kohalana%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 179%1989%%%Violaceae Viola maviensis H.Mann var. kohalana%%%%comb. nov. 868454-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola komarovii%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 237%1916%%%%%%%unknown 77154213-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pančić ex Tomović & Niketić%%Pančić ex Tomović & Niketić%Viola kopaonikensis%Phytotaxa%253(4): 250%2016%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.253.4.1 the specific epithet is retained from the original source (Pančić 1888) and derived from the type locality Mt Kopaonik in Central Serbia%%%%Serbia (Yugoslavia, Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868456-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola koraiensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%30: 281%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868457-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ridl.%%Ridl.%Viola korinchensis%J. Bot.%73: 15%1935%%%%%%%unknown 929239-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Trinajstić%%Trinajstić%Viola koritnicensis%Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Belgrade, B%40: 28 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Jugoslavia.%tax. nov. 868455-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juz.%%Juz.%Viola korshinskyi%Fl. URSS%15: 682, in obs., nomen provis.%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868458-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola kosanensis%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%3: 28%1913%%%%%%%unknown 868459-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Degen%%Degen%Viola kosaninii%Magyar Bot. Lapok%1911, x. 109, 116.%%%%%%%%unknown 868460-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayek%%Hayek%Viola kosaninii%Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr.%xciv. 155 (1918)%%%%%%%%unknown 868461-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kotschyana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%18(2): 391%1905%%%%%%%unknown 77305726-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bhellum & Magotra%%Bhellum & Magotra%Viola kouliana%Nordic J. Bot.%2022(8)-e03648: 2%2022%%doi:10.1111/njb.03648 Etymology: the specific epithet honours Prof. A.K.Koul, FNASC Chairman, Research and Assessment and M committee, Botanical Survey of India Kolkata for his contribution to plant taxonomy and cytology.%%%%Jammu-Kashmir (West Himalaya, Indian Subcontinent, Asia-Tropical)%tax. nov. 868462-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Grosset%%Grosset%Viola kozo-poljanskii%Bull. Soc. Nat. Woronesh.%i. 12 (1925); Fedde in Fedde, Repert. xxv. 96(1928), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 1019470-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × krascheninnikoviorum%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 144%2001%%%%%%East European Russia.%tax. nov. 868463-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.F.Gmel.%%J.F.Gmel.%Viola krokeri%Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis].%2(1): 412%1791%%%%%%%unknown 868464-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kronenburgii%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%1905, 26.%%%%%%%%unknown 868465-1%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola krugiana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 261%1925%%%%%%%unknown 868466-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Royle%%Royle%Viola kunawurensis%Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle]%1(3): 75%1834%%%%%%India (Indian Subcontinent, Asia-Tropical)%tax. nov. 868467-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kupcokiana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 369%1910%%%%%%%unknown 868469-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola kupfferi%Fl. URSS%15: 683%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868468-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kupfferiana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 371%1910%%%%%%%unknown 868470-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola kurilensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 33%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868471-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola kusanoana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%26: 173%1912%%%%%%%unknown 1015802-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%H.Igarashi%%H.Igarashi%Viola kusanoana f. subrosea%J. Jap. Bot.%75(3): 187 (2000)%2000%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868472-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kusnezowiana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 254%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868473-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola kusnezowiana%in B. Fedtsch. Fl. Asiat. Ross.%No. 9, 88 (1915)%%%%%%%%unknown 868474-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola kutzingiana%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 10%1896%%%%%%%unknown 868475-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Melch.%%Melch.%Viola kwangtungensis%Sunyatsenia%1: 124%1933%%%%%%%unknown 868476-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola labiosa%Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.)%xxxvii. n. 48.%%%%%%%%unknown 868477-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schrank%%Schrank%Viola labradorica%Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg%i. II. 12%1818%%%%%%%unknown 868478-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola lacaitaeana%Malpighia%xxii. 522 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 868479-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Boissieu) Koidz.%(Boissieu)%Koidz.%Viola laciniata%Acta Phytotax. Geobot.%7(2): 113, cum descr. ampl.%1938%%%%%%%unknown 868480-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola laciniosa%in Perry, Jap. Exped.%ii. 308.%%%%%%%%unknown 868481-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hausskn.%%Hausskn.%Viola × lacmonica%Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins%v. (1893) 44.%%%%%%%%unknown 868482-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.D.J.Koch & Ziz%%W.D.J.Koch & Ziz%Viola lactea%Cat. Pl. Palat.%6; Fries, Nov. Suec. 86%%%%%%%%unknown 868483-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rchb.%%Rchb.%Viola lactea%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%707%%%%%%%%unknown 868484-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola lactea%Fl. Brit.%i. 247.%%%%%%%%unknown 868485-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola lactea%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%243%%%%%%%%unknown 868486-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola lactea%English Botany%vii. t. 445 (1798).%%%%%%%%unknown 868487-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola lactiflora%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%28: 329%1914%%%%%%%unknown 266673-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola laetecaerulea%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%14: 70%1901%%%%%%District of Columbia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868489-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%D.M.Moore%%D.M.Moore%Viola lagaipensis%Nova Guinea, Bot.%11: 182%1963%%%%%%%unknown 990319-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Monts.%%P.Monts.%Viola lainzii%Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid%54(1): 237%1996%%%%%%Spain.%tax. nov. 77102780-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lév.%%H.Lév.%Viola × lambertii%Monde Pl. Rev. Mens. Bot.%8(109): 44%1898%nom. inval. nom. nud.%Published as 'lamberti'. Hybridparents cited as V. lusitanica x riviniana.%%%%%tax. nov. 868490-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pritz.%%Pritz.%Viola lamiifolia%Icon. Bot. Index [Pritzel]%1163%%%%%%%%unknown 868491-1%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola lanaiensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 214%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868492-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola lancea%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 635%1808%%%%%%%unknown 868493-1%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thonn.%%Thonn.%Viola lanceifolia%Beskr. Guin. Pl.%134%1827%%%%%%%unknown 30017034-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola lanceolata%Sp. Pl.%2: 934%1753%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868494-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola lanceolata%Sp. Pl.%2: 934%1753%%%%%%%unknown 868495-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pall.%%Pall.%Viola lanceolata%Reise Russ. Reich.%3(1): 223%1776%%%%%%%unknown 266674-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(A.Gray) N.H.Russell%(A.Gray)%N.H.Russell%Viola lanceolata subsp. occidentalis%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%54: 485%1955%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266675-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Greene) N.H.Russell%(Greene)%N.H.Russell%Viola lanceolata subsp. vittata%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%54: 484%1955%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266676-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Weath. & Griscom%%Weath. & Griscom%Viola lanceolata var. vittata%Rhodora%36: 48%1934%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868496-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thore%%Thore%Viola lancifolia%Essai Chloris%357 (-358)%1803%%%%%%France (Southwestern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868497-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Besser%%Besser%Viola lancifolia%Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac.%i. 173%1809%%%%%%%unknown 868498-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb.%%M.Bieb.%Viola lancifolia%Fl. Taur.-Caucas.%3: 165%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868499-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola lancifolia%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 772, sphalm.%%%%%%%%unknown 868500-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola lanciformis%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 12, in obs. hybr%1896%%%%%%%unknown 868501-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Valentine%%Valentine%Viola langeana%Feddes Repert.%79: 57%1968%%%%%%%unknown 266677-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola langloisii%Pittonia%3(14): 87%1896%%%%%%Louisiana (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266678-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola langloisii var. pedatiloba%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%38: 2%1911%%%%%%Louisiana, Texas, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 30411487-2%1.1.2.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fisch. ex Ging.%%Fisch. ex Ging.%Viola langsdorffii%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 296 (-297)%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1066240-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%[infrasp.unranked]%Ledebour%%Ledebour%Viola langsdorffii [infrasp.unranked] caulescens%%%%%%%%%%unknown 266679-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola langsdorffii var. caulescens%Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.)%1: 250%1842%%%%%%Alaska (Subarctic America, Northern America)%tax. nov. 77252620-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola langsdorffii subsp. sachalinensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl.%34(2): 253%1916%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1077258-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%[infrasp.unranked]%Ledebour%%Ledebour%Viola langsdorffii [infrasp.unranked] subacaulis%%%%%%%%%%unknown 266680-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola langsdorffii var. subacaulis%Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.)%1: 250%1842%%%%%%Alaska (Subarctic America, Northern America)%tax. nov. 266681-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola lanifera%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 183%1922%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 77065082-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Rouy & Foucaud) A.W.Hill%(Rouy & Foucaud)%A.W.Hill%Viola lapeyrouseana%Index Kew. Suppl.%6: 218%1926%%%Violaceae Viola cenisia L. subsp. lapeyrouseana Rouy & Foucaud%%%%comb. nov. 20012587-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Marcussen%%Marcussen%Viola laricicola%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%142(1): 119 (2003)%2003%%%%%%France;Italy;%tax. nov. 868506-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola lasiostipes%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 32%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868507-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Drabble%%Drabble%Viola latifolia%J. Bot.%64: 266%1926%%%%%%%unknown 868508-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wettst.%%Wettst.%Viola latisepala%Biblioth. Bot.%Heft xxvi. (1892) 27%%%%%%%%unknown 868509-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hemsl.%%Hemsl.%Viola latistipula%Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic.%2: 21%1879%%%%%%%unknown 266682-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola latiuscula%Pittonia%5(26): 93%1902%%%%%%Vermont (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868511-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola laurifolia%Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.)%37(1): Viola n. 58%1817%%Smith referred to Viola hybanthus sensu Aubl. (Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 811, t. 319. 1775, non L.) as a synonym%%%%%tax. nov. 868512-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Marcet%%Marcet%Viola lauzuricae%Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat.%xlv. 234 (1947)%%%%%%%%unknown 291318-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.P.Bicknell%%E.P.Bicknell%Viola × lavandulacea%Torreya%4: 130%1904%%Viola cucullata X primulifolia%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868514-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Griseb.%%Griseb.%Viola lechlerii%Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen%6: 116%1856%%%%%%%unknown 868515-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker ex Gagnep.%%W.Becker ex Gagnep.%Viola lecomteana%Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H. Lecomte et al.]%Suppl.: 181, gallice%1939%%%%%%%unknown 868516-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Don%%G.Don%Viola leconteana%Gen. Hist.%1: 324%1831%%%%%%%nom. nov. 77159849-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kupffer%%Kupffer%Viola × lehbertiana%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%53: 531%1903%%description - page 231; hybrid parents - page 146%%%%%tax. nov. 266683-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola lehmannii%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 91%1907%%%%%%Ecuador, Peru%tax. nov. 319651-2%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker ex H.E.Ballard & P.Jørg.%%W.Becker ex H.E.Ballard & P.Jørg.%Viola lehmannii%Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard.%75: 956%1999%%[Gandhi 15 Apr 2000] sp. nov. for V. lehmannii subsp. ovalifolia W. Becker 1907 (nom. invalid.). Type cited as: lectotype.%%%%Loja 2800-3200 m, Loja (Ecuador, Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266684-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola lehmannii subsp. cordifolia%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 92%1907%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266685-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola lehmannii subsp. ovalifolia%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 91%1907%%%%%%Ecuador, Peru%tax. nov. 868518-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola lejeunei%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%27%1852%%%%%%%unknown 868519-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola lepida%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%28%1852%%%%%%%unknown 868520-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola leptoceras%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%87%1866%%%%%%%unknown 266686-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola leptosepala%Pittonia%5(26): 98%1902%%%%%%Maryland (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868522-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poll%%Poll%Viola leptostolona%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiii. 29 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 868523-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Candargy%%P.Candargy%Viola lesbiaca%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%44: 154%1897%%%%%%%unknown 77312317-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Haines%%A.Haines%Viola × lesmehrhoffii%Bot. Notes%17: 2, figs. 3-4%2023%%Eponymy: 'This violet nothospecies is named for the late Leslie Mehrhoff of Connecticut, a fellow botanist, friend, and mentor' (english)%%%%Massachusetts (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868524-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola leucantha%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%82%1866%%%%%%%unknown 868525-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Pinkw.) Pinkw.%(Pinkw.)%Pinkw.%Viola leucocentra%Herb. Eur.%1897, 3%%%%Violaceae Viola riviniana Rchb. var. leucocentra Pinkw.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868526-1%1.1.2.3.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás ex Murr%%Borbás ex Murr%Viola leucoceras%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%40: 134%1890%%%%%%%unknown 266687-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola leucopetala%Ottawa Naturalist%15: 191%1901%%%%%%Ontario (Eastern Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 868527-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr & Poll%%Murr & Poll%Viola leucopetala%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiv. 135 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 868528-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola leunisii%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%41: 422%1891%%%%%%%unknown 868529-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boissieu%%Boissieu%Viola leveillei%Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot.%sér. 3, 11(149-150): 91%1902%%%%%%%unknown 868530-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Parl. ex Caruel%%Parl. ex Caruel%Viola levieri%Fl. Italiana%ix. (1890) 181.%%%%%%%%unknown 868531-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola lewisiana%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 298%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868532-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola leyboldiana%Linnaea%33(1): 16%1864%%%%%%%unknown 959542-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang & K.Sun%%Ching J.Wang & K.Sun%Viola lianhuashanensis%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 260%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 868533-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%Viola liaosiensis%Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Or.%6: 292%1977%%%%%%%unknown 868534-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola libanotica%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 8: 52%1849%%%%%%%unknown 868535-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%Viola ligustina%Fl. Tirol%6(2): 835%1909%%%%%%%unknown 868536-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kitag.%%Kitag.%Viola × lii%J. Jap. Bot.%xix. 110 (1943).%%%%%%%%unknown 868537-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Heldr. ex Boiss.%%Heldr. ex Boiss.%Viola lilascens%Fl. Orient. [Boissier]%1: 466%1867%%%%%%%unknown 77129232-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Iltis & H.E.Ballard%%Iltis & H.E.Ballard%Viola lilliputana%Brittonia%64(4): 355%2012%%doi:10.1007/s12228-012-9238-0%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266688-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola lilloana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 225%1926%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 77069216-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Merxm. & W.Lippert) Arrigoni%(Merxm. & W.Lippert)%Arrigoni%Viola limbarae%Parlatorea%7: 19%2005%%%Violaceae Viola corsica Nyman subsp. limbarae Merxm. & W.Lippert%%%%stat. nov. 868539-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola limprichtiana%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%54(5, Beibl. 120): 184%1917%%%%%%%unknown 868540-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vahl%%Vahl%Viola linariifolia%Eclog. Amer.%2: 18%1798%%%%%%%unknown 868541-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola lindeniana%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%27(2): 336%1854%%%%%%%unknown 868543-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vahl%%Vahl%Viola linearifolia%Bidr. Beskr. St. Croix%303%%%%%%%%unknown 868542-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola lineariifolia%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 648%1808%%%%%%%unknown 266690-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Herb.%%Herb.%Viola lineata%%%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868544-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ortega%%Ortega%Viola lineata%Nov. Rar. Pl. Descr. Dec.%49%%%%%%%%unknown 266691-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola linguifolia%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 141%1838%%as linguaefolia%%%%Kamas Prairie, near the sources of the Oregon, Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266766-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Piper in Piper & Beattie%%Piper in Piper & Beattie%Viola linguifolia%Fl. S.E. Washington (Piper & Beattie)%166%1914%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868546-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juss.%%Juss.%Viola linifolia%in Poir. Encyc.%viii. 647%%%%%%%%unknown 305350-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%N.H.Holmgren & P.K.Holmgren%%N.H.Holmgren & P.K.Holmgren%Viola lithion%Brittonia%44: 300 (-301), fig. 1A-D%1992%%%%%%White Pine County (Nevada, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 968213-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%N.H.Holmgren & P.K.Holmgren%%N.H.Holmgren & P.K.Holmgren%Viola lithion%Brittonia%44(3): 300%1992%%%%%%Nevada;Utah.;%tax. nov. 321500-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola litoralis%Fl. Atacam.%9%1860%%[Gandhi 31 Aug 2001] later homonym (non Spreng. 1818); replaced by V. huesoensis Martic. 2001%%%%arena litorali ad Tartal c. 25°26' lat. mer., Chile%tax. nov. 868548-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Spreng.%%Spreng.%Viola litoralis%Novi Provent.%43%%%%%%%%unknown 1010070-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola litoralis var. litvinovii%Fl. Vostochnoĭ Evropy%9: 194 (1996)%1996%%%%%%Russia North.%tax. nov. 1019458-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Vl.V.Nikitin) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Vl.V.Nikitin)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola litoralis subsp. litvinovii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 136%2001%%%Violaceae Viola litoralis Spreng. var. litvinovii Vl.V.Nikitin%%%%comb. nov. 868549-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kit. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Kit. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola livida%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 363%1819%%%%%%%unknown 77060125-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola livonica%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%35: 144 (-146; fig.)%2003%%%%%%Latvia (Baltic States, Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868550-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord. ex Boreau%%Jord. ex Boreau%Viola lloydii%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 80%1857%%%%%%%unknown 266692-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola llullaillacoensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%24: 109%1927%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 30082429-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola lobata%Pl. Hartw. [Bentham]%298%%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868552-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola lobata%Pl. Hartw. [Bentham]%298%%%%%%%%unknown 50973429-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%S.Watson%%S.Watson%Viola lobata var. integrifolia%Bot. California [W.H.Brewer]%1: 57%1876%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 967512-1%1.2.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(S.Watson) R.J.Little%(S.Watson)%R.J.Little%Viola lobata subsp. integrifolia%Phytologia%72(2): 78%1992%%%Violaceae Viola lobata Benth. var. integrifolia S.Watson%%%%comb. nov. 266693-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) J.T.Howell%(Greene)%J.T.Howell%Viola lobata var. psychodes%Mentzelia%no. 1: 8%1976%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266694-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Greene) Munz%(Greene)%Munz%Viola lobata subsp. psychodes%Aliso%4: 94%1958%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868553-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola loefflingiana%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%885%1821%%%%%%%unknown 77144844-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Becker) J.M.Watson%(W.Becker)%J.M.Watson%Viola lologensis%Gayana, Bot.%68(2): 302%2011%%doi:10.4067/S0717-66432011000200017%Violaceae Viola cotyledon subsp. lologensis W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 868554-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch. & Sav.%%Franch. & Sav.%Viola longepedunculata%Enum. Pl. Jap.%2: 286%1878%%%%%%%unknown 77307615-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Gonzáles, Ed.Navarro & J.M.Watson%%P.Gonzáles, Ed.Navarro & J.M.Watson%Viola longibracteolata%Phytotaxa%571(1): 59%2022%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.571.1.4%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868555-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Krock.%%Krock.%Viola longicaulis%Fl. Siles. Suppl.%i. 295 (Quid ?).%%%%%%%%unknown 868556-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola longifolia%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 649%1808%%%%%%%unknown 868557-1%1.1.2.2.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%R.Br. ex Ging.%%R.Br. ex Ging.%Viola longifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 294%1824%nom. inval. in syn.%%%%%%tax. nov. 868558-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lazaro%%Lazaro%Viola longifolia%Rev. Crit. Esp. Penins. Gen. Viola%(Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exact., Fis. y Nat., Madrid, xvii. Ser. II. Nos. 7-12) 51%1919%%%%%%%unknown 266695-2%1.10%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola longipes%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 140%1838%%%%%%Borders of woods and in bushy plains near the Oregon, and in the Rocky Mountains, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 77200807-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola longipetiolata%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 206, fig. 14%2018%%%%%%Abruzzi (Italy, Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 125990-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(DC.) G.Don%(DC.)%G.Don%Viola longiscapa%Gen. Hist.%1: 322%1831%%%Violaceae Viola betonicifolia var. longiscapa DC.%%%%comb. nov. 868560-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC. ex G.Don%%DC. ex G.Don%Viola longiscapa%Gen. Hist.%1: 322%1831%%%%%%%unknown 77327159-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yan S.Huang & Q.Fan%%Yan S.Huang & Q.Fan%Viola longissima%Nordic J. Bot.%2023(6)-e03941: 6%2023%%doi:10.1111/njb.03941 Etymology: 'The epithet refers to the long stems'.%%%%Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868561-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola longistipulata%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%3: 29%1913%%%%%%%unknown 868562-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pourr. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Pourr. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola longiviola%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 380%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868563-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pau%%Pau%Viola losae%Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat.%25(3-4): 80%1926%%%%%%%unknown 266696-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola lovelliana%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%37: 526%1910%%%%%%Louisiana to Oklahoma, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868565-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola lucens%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 250%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868566-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Skottsb.%%Skottsb.%Viola × luciae%Bot. Not.%1939, 811.%%%%%%%%unknown 868567-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola lucida%J. Jap. Bot.%1939, xv. 406.%%%%%%%%unknown 266697-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Newbro%%Newbro%Viola lucidifolia%Stud. Nat. Hist. Iowa Univ.%17: 56, pl. 4, fig. 3; pl. 8, figs. 24-25%1936%%%%%%Iowa (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868569-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lange%%Lange%Viola lucorum%Prodr. Fl. Hispan.%3(3): 698%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868570-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%Viola lucorum%Fl. Tirol%6(2): 851%1909%%%%%%%unknown 868571-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jan ex Ging.%%Jan ex Ging.%Viola ludovicea%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 303%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868572-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola luganensis%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. 19 (1910), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 868573-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Garsault%%Garsault%Viola lunaria%Fig. Pl. Med.%4: t. 624. 1764, nom. inval., opus utique oppressum; Descr. Pl. Anim. 361. 1767; Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. II. viii. 908%%%%%%%%unknown 868574-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ridl.%%Ridl.%Viola lunata%Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot.%9(1): 17%1916%%%%%%%unknown 266698-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola lunellii%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 95%1910%%%%%%North Dakota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77203635-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola lungtungensis%New Taxa New Names%2: 60%2022%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868577-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brot.%%Brot.%Viola lusitana%Fl. Lusit.%1: 306%1804%%%%%%%unknown 868578-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola lutchuensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 35%1922%%%%%%%unknown 266699-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sessé & Moc.%%Sessé & Moc.%Viola lutea%Fl. Mexic., ed. 2%199%1894%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868579-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vell.%%Vell.%Viola lutea%Fl. Flumin. Icon.%8: t. 162%1831%%%%%%%unknown 868580-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lam.%%Lam.%Viola lutea%Fl. Franç. (Lamarck)%2: 680%1779%%%%%%%unknown 868581-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Comm. ex Ging.%%Comm. ex Ging.%Viola lutea%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 297%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868582-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Huds.%%Huds.%Viola lutea%Fl. Angl. (Hudson)%331; Sm. Fl. Brit.1: 248%1762%%%%%%%unknown 952527-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Ging.) Nauenb.%(Ging.)%Nauenb.%Viola lutea subsp. calaminaria%Untersuch. Variab. Ökol. & Syst. Viola tricolor-Gruppe Mitteleuropa%92 (1986):%1986%nom. inval. inneffectively published, see Vienna Code Art. 30.5%%Viola sudetica var. calaminaria%%%%comb. nov. 77252017-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Willd.) W.Becker%(Willd.)%W.Becker%Viola lutea subsp. sudetica%Beih. Bot. Centralbl.%18(2): 388%1905%%%Violaceae Viola sudetica Willd.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77251220-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.A.H.Schulz%%A.A.H.Schulz%Viola lutea var. westfalica%Jahres-Ber. Westfal. Prov.-Vereins Wiss.%40: 218%1912%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868584-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola luteola%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%27%1852%%%%%%%unknown 77221863-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.G.Camus%%E.G.Camus%Viola × lutzii%Unknown Publ.%%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868585-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.f.%%Hook.f.%Viola lyallii%Handb. N. Zeal. Fl.%16.%1864%%%%%%%unknown 868587-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Heldr.%%Boiss. & Heldr.%Viola macedonica%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 1: 56%1854%%%%%%%unknown 924641-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Formánek) Erben%(Formánek)%Erben%Viola macedonica subsp. bosniaca%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 655 (1985):%1985%%%Violaceae Viola bosniaca Formánek%%%%comb. nov. 266700-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.E.Lloyd%%F.E.Lloyd%Viola macloskeyi%Erythea%3(5): 74%1895%%Eponymy: The species is named in honor of Professor George Macloskey, of the College of New Jersey, Princeton%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266701-2%1.5.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Banks ex Ging.) M.S.Baker%(Banks ex Ging.)%M.S.Baker%Viola macloskeyi subsp. pallens%Madroño%12(2): 60%1953%%%Violaceae Viola rotundifolia Michx. var. pallens Banks ex Ging.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266702-2%1.5.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Banks ex Ging.) C.L.Hitchc.%(Banks ex Ging.)%C.L.Hitchc.%Viola macloskeyi var. pallens%Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock & al.]%3: 445%1961%%%Violaceae Viola rotundifolia Michx. var. pallens Banks ex Ging.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266703-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gand.%%Gand.%Viola macloviana%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%59: 705%1913%%%%%%Falkland Islands%tax. nov. 266704-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola macounii%Pittonia%3(19): 335%1898%%%%%%Ottawa, Ontario (Eastern Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 868591-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Huet ex Nyman%%A.Huet ex Nyman%Viola macrantha%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 81%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868592-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bunge%%Bunge%Viola macroceras%Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour]%i. 256.%%%%%%%%unknown 868593-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola macrostipulata%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%84%1866%%%%%%%unknown 266705-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola macrotis%Pittonia%5(26): 97%1902%%%%%%Maryland (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868595-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cav.%%Cav.%Viola maculata%Icon. [Cavanilles]%vi. 20. t. 539.%%%%%%%%unknown 868596-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Patrin ex Ging.%%Patrin ex Ging.%Viola maculata%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 293%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868597-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Giraudias%%Giraudias%Viola maculata%in Lucante, Rev. de Bot.%(1886)%%%%%%%%unknown 868598-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cav. & Weibel%%Cav. & Weibel%Viola maculata%Candollea%x. 76 (1943), descr. emend.%%%%%%%%unknown 287805-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Gand.) Weibel%(Gand.)%Weibel%Viola maculata var. buchteinii%Candollea%10: 80%1943%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266706-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Skottsb.%%Skottsb.%Viola maculata f. buchtieniana%Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl.%n.f, 56(5): 263%1916%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1207624-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Gand.) Weibel%(Gand.)%Weibel%Viola maculata var. buchtienii%%%%%%%%%%unknown 266707-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Speg. ex W.Becker%%Speg. ex W.Becker%Viola maculata f. calliantha%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 360%1925%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 287317-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Weibel%%Weibel%Viola maculata f. chilensis%Candollea%10: 79%1943%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 287313-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Sparre%%Sparre%Viola maculata f. chillanensis%Lilloa%17: 395, tab. 5%1949%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 287314-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Sparre%%Sparre%Viola maculata f. constitucionensis%Lilloa%17: 397, fig. 4, tab. 7%1949%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 287801-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Steud.) Weibel%(Steud.)%Weibel%Viola maculata f. fimbriata%Candollea%10: 84%1943%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1040828-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Steud.) Weibel%(Steud.)%Weibel%Viola maculata f. fumbriata%%%%%%%%%%unknown 266708-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Weibel%%Weibel%Viola maculata subsp. genuina%Candollea%10: 78%1943%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287804-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Kalela) Weibel%(Kalela)%Weibel%Viola maculata f. grandidentata%Candollea%10: 81%1943%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266709-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Poir.) Weibel%(Poir.)%Weibel%Viola maculata subsp. microphyllos%Candollea%10: 83%1943%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77250212-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Poir.) DC. ex Ging.%(Poir.)%DC. ex Ging.%Viola maculata var. microphyllos%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 297%1824%%%Violaceae Viola microphyllos Poir.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266710-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hook. & Arn.%%Hook. & Arn.%Viola maculata var. minor%Bot. Misc.%3: 144%1832%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 287315-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Sparre%%Sparre%Viola maculata f. munozii%Lilloa%17: 398, fig. 5, tab. 8%1949%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266711-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Sparre%%Sparre%Viola maculata var. popetae%Lilloa%17: 399, fig. 6; tab. 9%1949%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266712-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola maculata var. pubescens%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 894%1895%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266713-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Skottsb.) Weibel%(Skottsb.)%Weibel%Viola maculata subsp. reichei%Candollea%10: 82%1943%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287802-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Kalela) Weibel%(Kalela)%Weibel%Viola maculata f. septentrionalis%Candollea%10: 84%1943%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266714-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Speg.%%Speg.%Viola maculata var. tenuifolia%Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata%3: 595%1897%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 266715-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Gand.%%Gand.%Viola maculata var. typica%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%59: 705%1913%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 287316-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Weibel%%Weibel%Viola maculata f. typica%Candollea%10: 79%1943%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 287803-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Kalela) Weibel%(Kalela)%Weibel%Viola maculata f. valdiviana%Candollea%10: 81%1943%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868599-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Koidz.%%Koidz.%Viola maculicola%Acta Phytotax. Geobot.%7(2): 112%1938%%%%%%%unknown 868600-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lowe%%Lowe%Viola maderensis%Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc.%4(1): 36%1831%%%%%%%unknown 868601-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Presl ex Rchb.%%Presl ex Rchb.%Viola madonia%Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit.%3: 60%1825%%%%%%%unknown 868602-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Forst.%%G.Forst.%Viola magellanica%Commentat. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott.%ix. (1789) 41. t. 8.%%%%%%%%unknown 868603-1%1.4.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Porta & Rigo ex Strobl%%Porta & Rigo ex Strobl%Viola magellensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%27(7): 229%1877%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868604-1%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × magna%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%xli. (1891) 20%%%%%%%Austria%unknown 959544-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang & X.D.Wang%%Ching J.Wang & X.D.Wang%Viola magnifica%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 263%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 868605-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Molina%%Molina%Viola magniflora%Sag. Stor. Nat. Chili, ed. 2.%283%1810%%%%%%%unknown 868606-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Souché%%Souché%Viola maillardii%C.R. Assoc. Fr. Blois%1884 (1885) 288%%%%%%%%unknown 868607-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.Y.Chen%%S.Y.Chen%Viola mainlingensis%Acta Phytotax. Sin.%18(4): 523%1980%%%%%%%unknown 868608-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lév.%%H.Lév.%Viola mairei%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%13: 343%1914%%%%%%%unknown 868609-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pissjauk.%%Pissjauk.%Viola majchurensis%Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R.%15: 177%1953%%%%%%%unknown 868610-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola makinoi%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%47: 320%1901%%%%%%%unknown 907263-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Omer & Qaiser%%Omer & Qaiser%Viola makranica%Pakistan J. Bot.%17(1): 137 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Pakistan.%tax. nov. 291300-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × malteana%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 511%1924%%Viola conspersa X rostrata%%%%%tax. nov. 868612-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen%%Sennen%Viola maluqueri%Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat.%25(7-8): 134, hybr.%1926%%%%%%%unknown 868613-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jeanj.%%Jeanj.%Viola × malvesini%Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux%83: Proc.-Verb., 54%1931%%%%%%%unknown 868614-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ridl.%%Ridl.%Viola malvina%J. Fed. Malay States Mus.%8(4): 15%1917%%%%%%%unknown 266716-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola mamillata%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 33%1910%%%%%%Utah (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868616-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maekawa%%Maekawa%Viola manaslensis%Acta Phytotax. Geobot.%15(6): 173%1954%%%%%%%unknown 266717-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola mandonii%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 95%1907%%%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868618-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola mandshurica%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%54(5, Beibl. 120): 179%1917%%%%%%%unknown 77142491-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola mandshurica f. albiflora%Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan%4: 783%1992%nom. illeg. later homonym%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 892687-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%Viola mandshurica f. albiflora%Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Or.%6: 293%1977%%%%%%%unknown 950245-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola mandshurica f. albiikedaeana%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 77252512-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker ex Takenouchi) F.Maek.%(W.Becker ex Takenouchi)%F.Maek.%Viola mandshurica var. ikedaeana%Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon.%3: 208%1954%%%Violaceae Viola ikedaeana W.Becker ex Takenouchi%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 994289-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(DC.) Y.N.Lee%(DC.)%Y.N.Lee%Viola mandshurica var. patrinii%Fl. Korea (Lee)%1159%1996%%%Violaceae Viola patrinii Ging.%%%%comb. nov. 77251324-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Franch. & Sav.) Mizush.%(Franch. & Sav.)%Mizush.%Viola mandshurica var. triangularis%Misc. Rep. Res. Inst. Nat. Resources%38: 122%1955%%%%%%%comb. nov. 868619-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola mantziana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 388%1910%%%%%%%unknown 60451055-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%Viola maoershanensis%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%159(2): 351 (-353; figs. 2, 7-10)%2009%%%%%%Guangxi (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77311202-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nicola, J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%Nicola, J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola marcelaferreyrae%Darwiniana%n.s., 10(2): 517%2022%%doi:10.14522/darwiniana.2022.102.1092 Etymology: In honour of 'the Argentinean botanist Marcela Ferreyra, who was the discoverer of the new Viola presented here and collected the original material'.%%%%Neuquén (Argentina South, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 77193055-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola marcelorosasii%Int. Rock Gard.%104: 11%2018%%Named for the Chilean botanist Marcelo Rosas.%%%%Atacama (Chile North, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868620-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola marcetii%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%56: 188%1906%%%%%%%unknown 77127784-1%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pînzaru%%Pînzaru%Viola mariae%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%43: 96%2012%nom. illeg. later homonym%%%%%Italy (Italy, Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868621-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola mariae%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%14: 322%1916%%%%%%%unknown 77089262-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × marihelenae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 399 (-402; fig. 14, map)%2007%%%%%%Northwest European Russia (Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868622-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.Vilm.%%E.Vilm.%Viola marina%Fl. Pleine Terre (edition 3)%205%1870%%%%%%%unknown 868623-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Spreng. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch%%Spreng. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch%Viola maritima%Deutschl. Fl. (Mertens & W. D. J. Koch), ed. 3.%2: 272%1826%%%%%%%unknown 969047-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Schweigg. ex J.C.Clausen) Tzvelev%(Schweigg. ex J.C.Clausen)%Tzvelev%Viola maritima%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%28: 163 (1991):%1991%%%Violaceae Viola tricolor L. subsp. maritima%%%%comb. nov. 868624-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × markensteinensis%in Formanek, Beitr. Mittl. u. Sudl. Mahr.%79 (1886).%%%%%%%%unknown 868625-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola × markgrafii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 146%1926%%%%%%Albania (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868626-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maire%%Maire%Viola maroccana%Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N.%1932, xxiii. 168.%%%%%%%%unknown 868627-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gilib.%%Gilib.%Viola martia%Fl. Lit. Inch.%ii. 122; S. T. Gmel. Reise, i. 65%%%%%%%%unknown 868628-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Garsault%%Garsault%Viola martia%Fig. Pl. Med.%4: t. 622. 1764, nom. inval., opus utique oppressum; Descr. Pl. Anim. 360. 1767; Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. II. viii. 908%%%%%%%%unknown 868629-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola martia%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%241%%%%%%%%unknown 868630-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × martii%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%30: 190%1880%%%%%%%unknown 868631-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maekawa%%Maekawa%Viola × martini%in Hara, Enum. Spermat. Jap.%Pt. 3, 224 (1954), sine descr. lat.%%%%%%%%unknown 291301-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × marylandica%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 507%1924%%Viola brittoniana X sagittata%%%%%tax. nov. 868633-1%1.4.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Freyn ex W.Becker%%Freyn ex W.Becker%Viola masenderana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 298%1910%%%%%%%unknown 868634-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Banks ex Ging.%%Banks ex Ging.%Viola massonii%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 308%1824%%%%%%%unknown 1019474-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × matczkasensis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 146%2001%%%%%%Central European Russia.%tax. nov. 1019475-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola matczkasensis nothosubsp. saburensis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 146%2001%%%%%%Central European Russia.%tax. nov. 77310869-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Stepanov%%Stepanov%Viola matronae%Red Book Krasnoyarsk. Territ. [ed. 3]%449%2022%%Etymology: 'The species is named in honour the Saint Matrona of Moscow, the patroness of botanists'.%%%%Krasnoyarsk (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868635-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Garsault%%Garsault%Viola matronalis%Fig. Pl. Med.%4: t. 623. 1764, nom. inval., opus utique oppressum; Descr. Pl. Anim. 361. 1767; Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. II. viii. 908%%%%%%%%unknown 868636-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola matsudae%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%10: 1%1921%%%%%%%unknown 868637-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola matsumurae%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 134%1902%%%%%%%unknown 868638-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola matutina%Fl. URSS%15: 685%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868639-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Tepl.%%Tepl.%Viola mauritii%Zap. Ural'sk. Obshch. Lyubit. Estestv.%7(3): 37%1882%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868640-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Mann%%H.Mann%Viola maviensis%Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts%vii. (1867) 150.%%%%%%%%unknown 868641-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%hort. ex Domin%%hort. ex Domin%Viola × maxima%Preslia%xiii-xv. 100 (1935)%%%%%%%%unknown 868642-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola maximowicziana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 128%1902%%%%%%%unknown 868643-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Grey-Wilson%%Grey-Wilson%Viola maymanica%Kew Bull.%29(1): 41%1974%%%%%%%unknown 266718-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola mccabeiana%Madroño%5: 226, tab. 22, fig. 5, tab. 23%1940%%%%%%British Columbia (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 868644-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Merr.%%Merr.%Viola mearnsii%Philipp. J. Sci., C%5: 201%1910%%%%%%%unknown 868645-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Standl.%%Standl.%Viola mearnsii%Smithsonian Misc. Collect.%68(5): 9%1917%%%%%%%unknown 868646-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola medelii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%14: 10, hybr.%1914%%%%%%%unknown 868647-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chaillet ex Roem. & Schult.%%Chaillet ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola media%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 382%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868648-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola medlingensis%Doubl. Verz. Schles. Tauschver%xxiii. (1885-86), ex Oest Bot. Zeitschr.xxxvi. (1886) 190%%%%%%%%unknown 868649-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boreau%%Boreau%Viola meduanensis%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 80%1857%%%%%%%unknown 77106203-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Nauenb.) G.H.Loos%(Nauenb.)%G.H.Loos%Viola megalantha%Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins%1: 129%2010%nom. inval. basionym not validly published%%Violaceae Viola arvensis Murray subsp. megalantha Nauenb.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77114921-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Nauenb.) Landolt%(Nauenb.)%Landolt%Viola megalantha%Fl. Indicativa%270%2010%nom. inval. basionym not validly published%%Violaceae Viola arvensis Murray subsp. megalantha Nauenb.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868650-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Prahl%%Prahl%Viola × megapolitana%Krit. Fl. Prov. Schlesw.-Holst.%ii. (1890) 24%%%%%%%%unknown 868651-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bert. ex Ging.%%Bert. ex Ging.%Viola melanosperma%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 308%1824%%%%%%%unknown 266719-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola melissifolia%Pittonia%5(26): 103%1902%%%%%%Prince Edward Island%tax. nov. 266720-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola membranacea%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%7: 123%1909%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868654-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vell.%%Vell.%Viola mendanca%Fl. Flumin. Icon.%8: t. 160%1831%%%%%%%unknown 1012261-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × menitzkii%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 230 (1998)%1998%%%%%%Transcausasus (Gruziya).%tax. nov. 868655-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola mentita%in Billot, Annot. Fl. Fr. et Allem.%101%%%%%%%%unknown 868656-1%1.1.2.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Orph. ex Halácsy%%Orph. ex Halácsy%Viola mercurii%Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl.%lxi. 497%1894%%%%%%%unknown 868657-1%1.1.2.2.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb. ex Murr%%Wiesb. ex Murr%Viola × merkensteiniensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%40: 134; G. Beck, Fl. Nied.-Oest, 2(1): 517 (1892)%1890%%%%%%%unknown 868658-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola merrilliana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 234%1916%%%%%%%unknown 905525-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola merxmuelleri%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%20: 30 (1984)%1984%%%%%%Italy.%tax. nov. 266721-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola mesadensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%24: 363%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 868660-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene ex Rosend.%%Greene ex Rosend.%Viola mesochora%Minnesota Bot. Stud.%iii. 266.%%%%%%%%unknown 868661-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola metajaponica%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%72: 192%1925%%%%%%Japan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868662-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Const. & Gand.%%Const. & Gand.%Viola methodiana%Bull. Soc. Duffour%1914, 37; et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1916, lxiii. 4, 13(1917).%%%%%%%%unknown 868663-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hohen. ex Hook.f.%%Hohen. ex Hook.f.%Viola metziana%Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker]%1(1): 184%1872%%%%%%%unknown 868664-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Rupr.) Klokov%(Rupr.)%Klokov%Viola meyeriana%Fl. URSS%15: 479%1949%%%%%%%unknown 77196950-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Chen%%Y.S.Chen%Viola miaolingensis%Phytotaxa%400(4): 251%2019%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.400.4.5 The epithet is derived from 'Miao', the distribution area of the new species where Miao people live, and 'Ling', which means 'mountains'.%%%%Guangxi (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);Guizhou (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate);Hunan (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 868665-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%C.Presl%%C.Presl%Viola micrantha%Delic. Prag.%27%1822%%%%%%%unknown 868666-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bertol.%%Bertol.%Viola micrantha%Misc. Bot. (Bertol.)%i. 15%%%%%%%%unknown 868667-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola micrantha%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%5: 183%1832%%%%%%%unknown 868668-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Albert%%Albert%Viola micrantha%Bull. Soc. Sci. Draguignan%(1884) (reimpr. 6).%%%%%%%%unknown 868669-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Porta ex Huter%%Porta ex Huter%Viola micrantha%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%54: 387%1904%%%%%%%unknown 77234473-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%[infrasp.unranked]%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola micrantha [infrasp.unranked] grandistipulata%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 383%1917%%As Rasse grandistipulata%%%%%tax. nov. 868670-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wedd.%%Wedd.%Viola micranthella%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 5, 1: 291%1864%%%%%%La Paz (El Salvador, Central America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868671-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola microcentra%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 73%1921%%%%%%%unknown 868672-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rupr.%%Rupr.%Viola microceras%Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches%ii. 22. t. 1. f. 2.%%%%%%%%unknown 868673-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola microceras%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%80%1866%%%%%%%unknown 868674-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%C.C.Chang%%C.C.Chang%Viola microdonta%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%n.s., 1(3): 263%1949%%Type details added from Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 42(5): 728. 2022.%%%%Jiangsu (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868675-1%1.1.2.2.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola microphylla%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%pro syn. of V. parvifolia Roem. & Schult. (1819)%%%%%%tax. nov. 868676-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola microphylla%Linnaea%28(6): 611%1858%%%%%%%unknown 868677-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola microphylla%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%8: 394%1858%nom. illeg. later homonym non Phil. (Feb 1858]%%%%%%tax. nov. 266722-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Speg.%%Speg.%Viola microphylla f. fimbriata%Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata%3: 495%1897%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266723-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Speg.%%Speg.%Viola microphylla f. macropoda%Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata%3: 495%1897%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 266724-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Speg.%%Speg.%Viola microphylla f. micropoda%Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata%3: 495%1897%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 868678-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola microphyllos%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 628%1808%%%%%%%unknown 266726-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Kalela%%Kalela%Viola microphyllos f. septentrionalis%Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A%54(5): 32, fig. 9%1940%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 868679-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola × mielnicensis%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 463%1914%%%%%%%unknown 868680-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bertero ex Steud.%%Bertero ex Steud.%Viola miersii%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%2: 772%1841%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. asterias Hook. & Arn. (1833).%%%%%%tax. nov. 77077098-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola milanae%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%38: 191 (-193)%2006%%%%%%Tuva (Siberia, Asia-Temperate);Altay (Siberia, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 77221950-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Savouré%%Savouré%Viola × militaris%Petite Fl. Mayenne%Suppl. 2: 8%1899%%%%%%%tax. nov. 291315-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Moldenke%%Moldenke%Viola × milleri%Phytologia%2: 241%1947%%Viola affinis X triloba%%%%%tax. nov. 868681-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Strobl%%Strobl%Viola minae%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%27: 225%1877%%%%%%%unknown 266727-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola minima%Leafl. W. Bot.%5: 141%1949%%%%%%British Columbia (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 868683-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola minor%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%26: 151%1912%%%%%%%unknown 77072074-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Taken.%%Taken.%Viola minor var. albescens%J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Fukuoka%2(5): 195%1938%%%%%%Kyushu (Japan, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77072076-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Taken.%%Taken.%Viola minor var. ciliata%J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Fukuoka%2(5): 195 (189)%1938%%%%%%Kyushu (Japan, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77072077-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%F.Maek.%%F.Maek.%Viola minor f. pilosa%Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon.%3: 209%1954%%%%%%%nom. nov. 266728-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola minuscula%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 247%1906%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868685-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb.%%M.Bieb.%Viola minuta%Fl. Taur.-Caucas.%1: 173%1808%%%%%%%unknown 1012257-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Rupr.) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Rupr.)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola minuta subsp. dagestanica%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 224 (1998):%1998%%%Violaceae Viola minuta M.Bieb. var. dagestanica%%%%comb. nov. 1012258-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Rupr.) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Rupr.)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola minuta subsp. meyeriana%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 225 (1998):%1998%%%Violaceae Viola minuta M.Bieb. var. meyeriana%%%%comb. nov. 266729-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola minutiflora%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 493%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 868687-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola × mira%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 460%1914%%%%%%%unknown 868688-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr & Poll%%Murr & Poll%Viola mirabiliformis%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiv. 135 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 868689-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola mirabilis%Sp. Pl.%2: 936%1753%%%%%%%unknown 987797-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Maxim.) Vorosch.%(Maxim.)%Vorosch.%Viola mirabilis subsp. brachysepala%Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR [A.K.Skvortsov]%182 (1985), as 'brachisepala':%1985%%%Violaceae Viola brachysepala Maxim.%%%%comb. nov. 287799-2%1.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%lus.%(Ledeb.) Regel%(Ledeb.)%Regel%Viola mirabilis lus. caulescens%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%34(2): 487%1861%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287312-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%lus.%Regel%%Regel%Viola mirabilis lus. parviflora%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%34(2): 487, t. 6, f. 7%1861%%%%%%Alaska (Subarctic America, Northern America)%tax. nov. 892688-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola mirabilis f. seiichii%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 339%1976%%%%%%%unknown 77234470-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola mirabilis f. strigosa%Fl. Aziat. Ross.%8: 29%1915%%n.v.%%%%%tax. nov. 77234471-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola mirabilis var. strigosa%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 17%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola mirabilis L. f. strigosa W.Becker%%%%stat. nov. 287800-2%1.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%lus.%(Ledeb.) Regel%(Ledeb.)%Regel%Viola mirabilis lus. subacaulis%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%34(2): 486%1861%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1001876-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Ledeb.) Zuev%(Ledeb.)%Zuev%Viola mirabilis subsp. subglabra%Fl. Sibir. (Geraniac.-Cornac.)%10: 87 (1996):%1996%%%Violaceae Viola mirabilis L. var. subglabra Ledeb.%%%%comb. nov. 51012743-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola mirabilis var. subglabra%Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.)%1: 250%1841%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868690-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola miranda%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%14: 322%1916%%%%%%%unknown 266730-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola missouriensis%Pittonia%4(22): 141%1900%%HT. collected on 30 Apr 1899%%%%Courtney, Missouri (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266731-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola mistassinica%Pittonia%4(20): 5%1899%%%%%%Canada and Labrador%tax. nov. 291302-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × mistura%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 500%1924%%Viola palmata X sagittata%%%%%tax. nov. 868694-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kern.%%Kern.%Viola mixta%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%18: 21%1868%%%%%%%unknown 868695-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sudre%%Sudre%Viola × mixta%Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens.%12: 19%1894%%%%%%%unknown 868696-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola miyabei%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 124%1902%%%%%%%unknown 868697-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Koidz.%%Koidz.%Viola miyajiana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%39: 29%1925%%%%%%%unknown 1000423-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%Viola miyajiana f. sordida%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1506%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868698-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola miyakei%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 563%1928%%%%%%%unknown 291303-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × modesta%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 509%1924%nom. illeg. later homonym non Fenzl (1842)%House did not provide a description/diagnosis; his reference to V. lanceolata x primulifolia Dowell (Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37: 176, t. 17. 1910) provides a description and validates the name.%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868699-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fenzl%%Fenzl%Viola modesta%Pug. Pl. Nov. Syr.%12%1842%%%%%%%unknown 868700-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ball%%Ball%Viola modesta%J. Bot.%11: 300%1873%%%%%%%unknown 868702-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola modestula%Fl. URSS%15: 687%1949%%%%%%%unknown 291304-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × modica%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 500%1924%%Viola palmata X papilionacea%%%%%tax. nov. 266732-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola molfinoana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%22: 351%1926%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 77200808-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola molisana%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 216, fig. 18%2018%%%%%%Molise (Italy, Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868705-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wein%%Wein%Viola molleri%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiv. 202 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 291305-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × mollicula%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 508%1924%%Viola pallens X primulifolia%%%%%tax. nov. 868707-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kern. ex Wiesb.%%Kern. ex Wiesb.%Viola × mollis%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%(1885) 179; Borb. in Hallier, Koch's Syn. Deutsch.Fl. ed. 3 (1892) 181.%%%%%%%%unknown 77320004-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.L.Hastings & H.E.Ballard%%J.L.Hastings & H.E.Ballard%Viola monacanora%J. Torrey Bot. Soc.%150(1): 137%2023%%doi:10.3159/TORREY-D-22-00029.1%%%%North Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America);Virginia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America);%tax. nov. 868708-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola monbeigii%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 248%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868709-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pau%%Pau%Viola moncaunica%Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat.%25(3-4): 79%1926%%%%%%%unknown 868710-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch.%%Franch.%Viola mongolica%Pl. David.%i. (1884 42.%1884%%%%%%%unknown 892689-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%Viola mongolica f. longisepala%Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Or.%6: 292%1977%%%%%%%unknown 868711-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola monochroa%Fl. URSS%15: 688%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868712-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roem. & Schult.%%Roem. & Schult.%Viola monopetala%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 400%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868713-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gay%%Gay%Viola montagnei%Fl. Chil. [Gay]%1: 222%1846%%%%%%%unknown 266733-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola montagnei var. glandulosa%Linnaea%33(1): 15%1864%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 868714-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Planellas%%Planellas%Viola montana%Ensayo Fl. Gallega%206%1852%%%%%%%unknown 868715-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola montana%Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.%1(ed. 2): 55%1873%%%%%%%unknown 868716-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola montana%Fl. All.%i. 261%%%%%%%%unknown 868717-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola montana%Sp. Pl.%2: 935%1753%%%%%%%unknown 868718-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC.%%DC.%Viola montana%Fl. Franc. [de Candolle & Lamarck], ed. 3.%4: 807%1805%%%%%%%unknown 868719-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola montana%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%243%%%%%%%%unknown 266734-2%1.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rydb.%%Rydb.%Viola montanensis%Mem. New York Bot. Gard.%1: 263%1900%%%%%%Jack Creek Cañon, Montana (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868721-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr & Poll%%Murr & Poll%Viola montfortensis%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiii. 91 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 297745-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rydb.%%Rydb.%Viola monticola%Mem. New York Bot. Gard.%1: 264%1900%%%%%%Montana (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868722-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola monticola%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 37%%%%%%%%unknown 291306-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × montivaga%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 503%1924%%Viola septentrionalis X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 868725-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch.%%Franch.%Viola moupinensis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%33: 412%1887%%%%%%%unknown 950302-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola moupinensis var. lijiangensis%Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin%8(2): 20%1988%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 868726-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Velen.%%Velen.%Viola mrkvickana%Rel. Mrkvickanae%6 (1922).%%%%%%%%unknown 868727-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hand.-Mazz.%%Hand.-Mazz.%Viola mucronulifera%Sinensia%2: 4%1931%%%%%%%unknown 868728-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Orph. ex Nyman%%Orph. ex Nyman%Viola mucuzii%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 80%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868730-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kiss%%Kiss%Viola muehldorfii%Bot. Közlem.%19: 92%1921%%%%%%%unknown 30309749-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola muhlenbergiana%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 297 (-298)%1824%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266735-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola muhlenbergiana var. albiflora%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Hooker)%1(2): 78%1830%%%%%%Rocky Mts%tax. nov. 266736-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola muhlenbergiana var. minor%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Hooker)%1(2): 78%1830%%%%%%Canada%tax. nov. 266737-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Torr.%%Torr.%Viola muhlenbergii%Fl. N. Middle United States%1(2): 256%1824%%%%%%New Jersey (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266738-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray%(Hook.)%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola muhlenbergii var. albiflora%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 140%1838%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266739-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Torr. & A.Gray%%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola muhlenbergii var. multicaulis%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 140%1838%%%%%%Kentucky (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266740-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola muhlenbergii var. pubescens%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%(ser. 2) 33: 404%1862%%%%%%Rocky Mts%tax. nov. 291316-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola mulfordiae%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%15: 203%1902%%Viola brittoniana X fimbriatula Dowell; V. fimbriatula X septemloba Brainerd%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77068719-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%Viola muliensis%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%149(3): 365 (-368; figs. 1-2)%2005%%%%%%Sichuan (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 266741-2%1.5.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Torr. & A.Gray) Britton%(Torr. & A.Gray)%Britton%Viola multicaulis%Mem. Torrey Bot. Club%5(Sig 15): 227%1894%nom. illeg. later homonym non Jord. (1851).%%Violaceae Viola muhlenbergii Torr. var. multicaulis Torr. & A.Gray%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868733-1%1.2.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola multicaulis%Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci.%ser. 2, 1: 226 (-227)%1851%%%%%%France (Southwestern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868734-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Britton%%Britton%Viola multicaulis%Man. Fl. N. U.S.%640.%%%%%%%%unknown 868735-1%1.1.2.2.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola multifida%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 352%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868736-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Mill.%%Mill.%Viola multifida%Gard. Dict., ed. 8.%n. 5%1768%%%%%%%unknown 868737-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola multifida%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 125%1902%%%%%%%unknown 968525-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola multistolonifera%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%14(4): 382%1992%%%%%%China South-central (Yunnan).%tax. nov. 868738-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Reut.%%Boiss. & Reut.%Viola munbyana%Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan.%15%1852%%%%%%%unknown 266742-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola munozensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 226%1926%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 77102778-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lév.%%H.Lév.%Viola × murbeckii%Monde Pl. Rev. Mens. Bot.%8(109): 43%1898%nom. inval. nom. nud.%Hybridparents cited as V. canina x lusitanica%%%%%tax. nov. 868740-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dörfl.%%Dörfl.%Viola murbeckii%Herb. Norm. Sched. Cent. [Dörfler]%No. 3103 (1897), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 868741-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.O.Wolf%%F.O.Wolf%Viola muretii%in Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais,%xvi. 262.%%%%%%%%unknown 266743-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola muriculata%Pittonia%5(26): 28%1902%%%%%%Arizona (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868743-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poll%%Poll%Viola murrii%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xii. 192 (1906).%%%%%%%%unknown 77200809-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola murronensis%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 217, fig. 19%2018%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868744-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola muscoides%Linnaea%28(6): 672%1858%%%%%%%unknown 868745-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rochel%%Rochel%Viola mutabilis%Pl. Banat. Rar.%Index%%%%%%%%unknown 868746-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola mutsuensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 241%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868747-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%B.Heyne ex Wall.%%B.Heyne ex Wall.%Viola mysurensis%Numer. List [Wallich]%n. 1446%1829%%%%%%%unknown 934133-1%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%T.Hashim.%%T.Hashim.%Viola nagamiana%Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard.%6: 1%1987%%%%%%Taiwan.%tax. nov. 868748-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino & Hayata%%Makino & Hayata%Viola nagasawae%J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo%22: 30%1906%%%%%%%tax. nov. 966548-1%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) J.C.Wang & T.C.Huang%(W.Becker)%J.C.Wang & T.C.Huang%Viola nagasawae var. pricei%Taiwania%35(1): 47 (1990), as 'nagasawai':%1990%%%Violaceae Viola pricei W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 868749-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wein%%Wein%Viola najadum%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%13: 17, hybr.%1913%%%%%%%unknown 60457190-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(DC.) Le Jol.%(DC.)%Le Jol.%Viola nana%Mém. Soc. Natl. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg%7: 267 (-268)%1860%%%Violaceae Viola tricolor L. var. nana DC.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868750-1%1.4.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(DC.) Godr.%(DC.)%Godr.%Viola nana%Mém. Soc. Natl. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg%19: 166%1875%%%Violaceae Viola tricolor L. var. nana DC.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77091045-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.S.Zhou & F.W.Xing%%J.S.Zhou & F.W.Xing%Viola nanlingensis%Ann. Bot. Fenn.%45(3): 233 (-236; fig. 1, map)%2008%%%%%%Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868751-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%R.E.Fr.%%R.E.Fr.%Viola nannae%Acta Horti Berg.%viii. 10 (1925).%%%%%%%%unknown 868752-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pol.%%Pol.%Viola nannei%Linnaea%41(5-6): 547%1877%%%%%%%unknown 266744-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola nannei var. glaberrima%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 5%1924%%%%%%Guatemala (Central America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 992219-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola nantouensis%Mem. Coll. Agric. Natl. Taiwan Univ.%28(2): 45 (1988)%1988%%%%%%Taiwan.%tax. nov. 291307-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × napae%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 501%1924%%Viola papilionacea X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 868754-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola napellifolia%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: (93), nomen.%1922%%%%%%%unknown 266745-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola nassauvioides%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 346%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 77089256-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × nataliae%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 390 (-392; fig. 5)%2007%%%%%%Central European Russia (Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868756-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%C.Presl%%C.Presl%Viola nebrodensis%Delic. Prag.%26%1822%%%%%%%unknown 868757-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schmidt%%F.W.Schmidt%Viola neglecta%Fl. Boëm. Cent. 3.%55%1794%%%%%%%unknown 868758-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb.%%M.Bieb.%Viola neglecta%Fl. Taur.-Caucas.%1: 172%1808%%%%%%%unknown 1019465-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × neglectiformis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 141%2001%%%%%%Central European Russia.%tax. nov. 266746-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola negulosa%Pittonia%5(26): 26%1902%%some copies of vol. 5 have the epithet as rugulosa (leaves described as rugose), while some other copies have it as negulosa (leaves as negose); both negulosa and negose are likely typographical errors%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868759-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × neilreichiana%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%40: 117. 167, 278; et in Hallier, Koch's Syn. Deutsch. Fl. ed. 3, 185 (1892)%1890%%%%%%%unknown 868760-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × neilreichii%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%38: 231%1888%%%%%%Austria%unknown 266747-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola nelsonii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19: 92%1923%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868762-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola nemausensis%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 18%%%%%%%%unknown 868763-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wagner%%Wagner%Viola nemenyiana%Magyar Bot. Lapok%1913, xii. 33, hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 868764-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola nemoralis%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%21%1852%%%%%%%unknown 868765-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kuetz.%%Kuetz.%Viola nemoralis%Linnaea%7(1): 46%1832%%%%%%%unknown 1010071-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola nemoralis var. abbreviata%Fl. Vostochnoĭ Evropy%9: 194 (1996)%1996%%%%%%Russia North.%tax. nov. 1019457-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Vl.V.Nikitin) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Vl.V.Nikitin)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola nemoralis subsp. abbreviata%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 135%2001%%%Violaceae Viola nemoralis Kuetz. var. abbreviata Vl.V.Nikitin%%%%comb. nov. 77106204-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Neuman, Wahlst. & Murb.) G.H.Loos%(Neuman, Wahlst. & Murb.)%G.H.Loos%Viola nemorosa%Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins%1: 130%2010%%%Violaceae Viola riviniana Rchb. var. nemorosa Neuman, Wahlst. & Murb.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868766-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola nemorum%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 7%1896%%%%%%%unknown 868768-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erdner%%Erdner%Viola neoburgensis%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiv. 72 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 266748-2%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola neomexicana%Pittonia%5(26): 28%1902%%%%%%New Mexico (South-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868769-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC. ex D.Don%%DC. ex D.Don%Viola nepaulensis%Prodr. Fl. Nepal.%205%1825%%%%%%%unknown 266749-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola nepetifolia%Pittonia%5(26): 92%1902%%%%%%District of Columbia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868771-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Raf.%%Raf.%Viola nephrodes%Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev.%3: 356, nomen (Quid ?)%1818%%%%%%%unknown 266750-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola nephrophylla%Pittonia%3(15): 144%1896%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266751-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola nephrophylla f. albinea%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%11: 64%1928%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266752-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) Kearney & Peebles%(Greene)%Kearney & Peebles%Viola nephrophylla var. arizonica%J. Wash. Acad. Sci.%29: 487%1939%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266753-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%B.Boivin%%B.Boivin%Viola nephrophylla f. bicolor%Naturaliste Canad.%87: 49%1960%%%%%%Quebec (Canada)%tax. nov. 266754-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) C.L.Hitchc.%(Greene)%C.L.Hitchc.%Viola nephrophylla var. cognata%Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock & al.]%3: 445%1961%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266755-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola nephrophylloides%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%11: 64, figs%1928%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266756-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola nesiotica%Pittonia%5(26): 102%1902%%%%%%Prince Edward Island%tax. nov. 868775-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × neumanniana%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%41: 20%1891%%%%%%%unknown 868776-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola nevadensis%Elench. Pl. Nov.%18%1838%%%%%%%unknown 868777-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pant.%%Pant.%Viola nicolai%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%23: 4%1873%%%%%%%unknown 266757-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola niederleinii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 184%1922%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 868779-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur ex Nyman%%Schur ex Nyman%Viola nigricans%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 78%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868780-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola niijimensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 39%1922%%%%%%%unknown 77147346-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vasjukov%%Vasjukov%Viola × nikitinii%Turczaninowia%18(1): 18%2015%%doi:10.14258/turczaninowia.18.1.2%%%%%nom. nov. 868781-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola nikkoensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 36%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868782-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola nilagirica%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%36(1): 556%1863%%%%%%%unknown 868783-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola nipponica%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%21: 56%1907%%%%%%%unknown 868784-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Host ex Rchb.%%Host ex Rchb.%Viola nitens%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%705%%%%%%%%unknown 60451054-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%%Y.S.Chen & Q.E.Yang%Viola nitida%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%159(2): 350 (-351; figs. 1, 3-6)%2009%%%%%%Guangxi (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);Guizhou (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate);Hunan (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 868785-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola nivalis%Linnaea%28(6): 611%1858%%%%%%%unknown 868786-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vest ex Roem. & Schult.%%Vest ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola nivalis%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 365%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868787-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola nivalis%Pl. Hartw. [Bentham]%160%1845%%%%%%%unknown 266759-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola nobilis%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%37(5): 590%1906%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266760-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola nodosa%Pittonia%4(25): 296%1901%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266761-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.P.Bicknell%%E.P.Bicknell%Viola notabilis%Torreya%4: 131%1904%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868792-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola notoniana%Numer. List [Wallich]%n. 1449%1829%%%%%%%unknown 266762-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola novae-angliae%Rhodora%6: 226%1904%%%%%%Maine (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 998566-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Fernald) Gil-ad%(Fernald)%Gil-ad%Viola novae-angliae subsp. grisea%Boissiera%53: 68 (1997):%1997%%%Violaceae Viola septentrionalis Greene var. grisea%%%%comb. nov. 868794-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hutch.%%Hutch.%Viola nubica%Broun & R. E. Massey, Fl. Sudan%66 (1929)%%%%%%%%unknown 868795-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola nubigena%Flora%47: 40%1864%%%%%%%unknown 868796-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola nuda%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%26: 26%1929%%%%%%%unknown 868797-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola nuda%Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh%16: 148%1931%%%%%%%unknown 943622-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Beck.) S.Y.Chen%(W.Beck.)%S.Y.Chen%Viola nudicaulis%Fl. Xizang.%3: 297 (1986), without basionym ref.%1986%%%Violaceae Viola biflora L. var. nudicaulis%%%%comb. nov. 266763-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola nuevoleonensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18(nr. 507-512): 125%1922%%In the published epithet nuevo-leonensis, the first term nuevo cannot stand independently%%%%Nuevo León (Mexico, Northern America)%tax. nov. 77150548-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.S.Chen & X.H.Jin%%Y.S.Chen & X.H.Jin%Viola nujiangensis%Phytotaxa%230(2): 193%2015%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.230.2.7%%%%Yunnan (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868799-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vuk.%%Vuk.%Viola nummularia%Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan.%lxvi. 16%1883%%%%%%%unknown 868800-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vill.%%Vill.%Viola nummulariifolia%Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné%26%1779%%%%%%%unknown 868801-1%1.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pančić%%Pančić%Viola nummulariifolia%Verz. Serb. Phan.%n. 438%%%%%%%%unknown 868802-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schmidt%%F.W.Schmidt%Viola nummulariifolia%Fl. Boëm. Cent. 3.%47%1794%%%%%%%unknown 868803-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%All.%%All.%Viola nummulariifolia%Fl. Pedem.%2: 98, t. 9, fig. 4%1785%isonym%Allioni (Rar. Pedem. Stirp., 7. 1755) used the polynomial “VIOLA ALPINA MINIMA NUMMULARIAE FOLIO,” referred to “Bocc. Mus. p. 2. p. 163 … T. 127,” and gave a detailed description. For his V. nummulariifolia, Villars (Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 26. 1779) referred to “Bocc. Mus. 163. Tab. CXXVII” and “ALLION. 7”. In 1785, Allioni published as a new species (“VIOL A nummularifolia N.”), referred to his 1755 publication and to Villars’s 1779 publication, and thus created an isonym%%%%%tax. nov. 868804-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schleich. ex Link%%Schleich. ex Link%Viola nummulariifolia%Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt.%1: 240%1821%pro syn. of V. arenaria DC.%%%%%%tax. nov. 266764-2%1.1.1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola nuttallii%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%1: 174%1814%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868806-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola nuttallii%Pl. Hartw. [Bentham]%298%%%%%%%%unknown 266765-2%1.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) C.L.Hitchc.%(Greene)%C.L.Hitchc.%Viola nuttallii var. bakeri%Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L. Hitchcock & al.]%3: 447%1961%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1131309-2%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nutt.) Piper%(Nutt.)%Piper%Viola nuttallii var. linguifolia%Fl. S.E. Washington (Piper & Beattie)%166%1914%%[Gandhi 15 Mar 2002] as var. linguaefolia; Piper did not assign an infraspecific rank to this name; however, he (Fl. Palouse Region 1901) stated that he followed the Berlin Code%%%%%unknown 1193085-2%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nutt.) Jeps.%(Nutt.)%Jeps.%Viola nuttallii var. linguifolia%Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson]%645%1925%%isonym of V. nuttallii var. linguifolia (Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray) Piper 1914%%%%%unknown 266767-2%1.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola nuttallii var. major%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Hooker)%1(2): 79%1830%%%%%%Shade of the pines on the dry sandy plains of the Columbia, Canada%tax. nov. 266768-2%1.1.5.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Douglas) Piper%(Douglas)%Piper%Viola nuttallii subsp. praemorsa%Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.%11: 393%1906%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266769-2%1.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Douglas) S.Watson%(Douglas)%S.Watson%Viola nuttallii var. praemorsa%Botany [Fortieth Parallel]%35%1871%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266770-2%1.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(A.Nelson) Roy L.Taylor & MacBryde%(A.Nelson)%Roy L.Taylor & MacBryde%Viola nuttallii subsp. vallicola%Canad. J. Bot.%56: 190%1978%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266771-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(A.Nelson) H.St.John%(A.Nelson)%H.St.John%Viola nuttallii var. vallicola%Fl. S.-e. Washington (St. John)%262%1937%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266772-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%S.Watson%%S.Watson%Viola nuttallii var. venosa%Botany [Fortieth Parallel]%35%1871%%%%%%Nevada to Utah, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868807-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%C.N.Forbes%%C.N.Forbes%Viola oahuensis%Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus.%iv. 216 (1909).%%%%%%%%unknown 77297076-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola obituaria%Int. Rock Gard.%145: 22, f. 19-21, 35-38, 40, 42, 44-46%2022%%Etymology: 'The specific epithet obituaria is a New Medieval Latin word deriving from the original Latin obitus (Merriam-Webster 2021) ... In this instance it is intended as a public written remembrance of a tragic incident on 12th May 2005 which befell a group of about four hundred young Chilean military conscripts on a night training march around the Antuco volcano [fig.9]. Inadequately dressed, one group was caught in a bitterly cold, blinding snowstorm when too far into the route to turn back, and a significant number froze to death along the way...'%%%%Biobío (Chile Central, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 77313905-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hill%%Hill%Viola obliqua%Hort. Kew. (Hill)%ed. 1: 316%1768%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868808-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola obliqua%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%i. 172%1813%%%%%%%unknown 868809-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Aiton%%Aiton%Viola obliqua%Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton]%3: 288%1789%%%%%%%unknown 266774-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola obliqua var. crenulata%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%12: 68%1930%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868810-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola obliquifolia%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%27(2): 337%1854%%%%%%%unknown 868811-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Blatt.%%Blatt.%Viola oblonga%J. Indian Bot. Soc.%ix. 200 (1930).%%%%%%%%unknown 868812-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola oblongo-sagittata%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 37%1922%%%%%%%unknown 868813-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola obscura%Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt%iv. (1853) 10%%%%%%%%unknown 868814-1%1.4.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Freyn ex W.Becker%%Freyn ex W.Becker%Viola obtusa%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 298%1910%%%%%%%unknown 868815-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola obtusa%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%26: 151%1912%%%%%%%unknown 950205-1%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%T.Hashim.%%T.Hashim.%Viola obtusa var. tsuifengensis%Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard.%6: 3%1987%%%%%%Taiwan.%tax. nov. 868816-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola obtuso-grypoceras%J. Jap. Bot.%iv. 9 (1927).%%%%%%%%unknown 1000424-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%T.Hashim. ex T.Shimizu%%T.Hashim. ex T.Shimizu%Viola × obtusoacuminata%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1506%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868817-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Koidz.%%Koidz.%Viola obtusosagitta%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%39: 29%1925%%%%%%%unknown 266775-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Howell%%Howell%Viola occidentalis%Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell]%1: 69%1897%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868819-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hort.Argent. ex Otto%%Hort.Argent. ex Otto%Viola occulta%Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamburg.%(1853) 8%%%%%%%%unknown 868820-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lehm.%%Lehm.%Viola occulta%Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamburg.%(1829).-Cf. Linnaea, v. (1830) Litt. 46.%%%%%%%%unknown 868821-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Torr. & A.Gray%%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola ocellata%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 142%1838%%%%%%%unknown 868822-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schwein.%%Schwein.%Viola ochroleuca%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%5: 69%1822%%%%%%%unknown 266776-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola oconensis%Torreya%7: 135%1907%%%%%%South Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868824-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola odontocalycina%Fl. Orient. [Boissier]%1: 461%1867%%%%%%%unknown 266777-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rydb.%%Rydb.%Viola odontophora%Mem. New York Bot. Gard.%1: 264%1900%%%%%%Montana (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868826-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Neck.%%Neck.%Viola odora%Delic. Gallo-Belg.%ii. 367%%%%%%%%unknown 868827-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thunb.%%Thunb.%Viola odorata%Fl. Jap. (Thunberg)%326%1784%%%%%%%unknown 868828-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola odorata%Sp. Pl.%2: 934%1753%%%%%%%unknown 77154117-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pančić%%Pančić%Viola odorata var. albiflora%Verh. Zool.-Bot. Vereins Wien%6: 505%1856%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77154118-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Pančić) Niketić%(Pančić)%Niketić%Viola odorata f. albiflora%Bot. Serbica%38(2): 226%2014%%%Violaceae Viola odorata L. var. albiflora Pančić%%%%stat. nov. 892691-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%O.Bolòs & Vigo%%O.Bolòs & Vigo%Viola odorata var. barraui%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot.%38(1): 80, nom. nov.%1974%%%%%%%unknown 1017085-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Jord.) Espeut%(Jord.)%Espeut%Viola odorata var. incompta%Monde Pl.%464: 15%1999%%%Violaceae Viola incompta Jord.%%%%comb. nov. 892692-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Lowe) G.Kunkel%(Lowe)%G.Kunkel%Viola odorata subsp. maderensis%Cuad. Bot. Canaria%22: 28%1974%%%%%%%unknown 967346-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(J.J.Rodr.) Orell & Romo%(J.J.Rodr.)%Orell & Romo%Viola odorata subsp. stolonifera%But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat.%59 Bot., 8: 83 (1991):%1991%%%Violaceae Viola stolonifera J.J.Rodr.%%%%comb. nov. 868829-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola odorifera%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%26: 151, in syn.%1912%%%%%%%unknown 868830-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × oenensis%in Hallier, Kochs Syn. Deutsch. Fl.%(1892) 210.%%%%%%%%unknown 868831-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr%%Murr%Viola × oenipontana%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%iv. (1886) 151, xii. (1894) 93; G. Beck, Fl.Nied.-Oest. ii. I. (1892) 511; et in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. xliii. (1893) 176%%%%%%%%unknown 868832-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr%%Murr%Viola oenipontana%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%1905, 147.%%%%%%%%unknown 868833-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola oetolica%Fl. Orient. [Boissier]%1: 464, err. typ.%1867%%%%%%%unknown 868834-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Crantz%%Crantz%Viola officinalis%Inst. Rei Herb.%2: 431%1766%%%%%%%unknown 1000425-1%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%Viola ogawae f. variegata%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1506%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868835-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola ogawai%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%44: 529, hybr.%1930%%%%%%%unknown 868836-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola okuboi%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%17: 85%1903%%%%%%%nom. nov. 1000426-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.Maek. ex T.Shimizu%%F.Maek. ex T.Shimizu%Viola × okuharae%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1506%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868837-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola oldhamiana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 559%1928%%%%%%%unknown 868838-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola oligoceps%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 252%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868839-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beggiat.%%Beggiat.%Viola olimpia%in Att. Soc. Ital. Sc. Nat.%viii. (1865) 174. t. 1%%%%%%%%unknown 868840-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Genev.%%Genev.%Viola olonnensis%Mém. Soc. Acad. Maine Loire%viii. (1860) 178%%%%%%%%unknown 868841-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola olympica%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 2, 1: 55%1854%%%%%%%unknown 77067632-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Degen%%Degen%Viola olympica var. samothracica%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%41: 331%1891%%%%%%Greece (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 868842-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy%%Rouy%Viola olyssiponensis%Scrin. Fl. Select.%6: 114%1887%%Rouy published Viola Olyssiponensis Rouy (subsp. nova) [= V. tricolor subsp. olyssiponensis]%%%%%tax. nov. 266778-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola ophiophila%Pittonia%5(26): 88%1902%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868844-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Knaf ex Nyman%%Knaf ex Nyman%Viola opizii%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 78%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868845-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola oppositifolia%Sp. Pl., ed. 2.%2: 1327%1763%%%%%%%unknown 868846-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pančić%%Pančić%Viola orbelica%Elem. Fl. Bulg.%16%1883%%%%%%%unknown 266780-2%1.3.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(A.Gray) Geyer ex Holz.%(A.Gray)%Geyer ex Holz.%Viola orbiculata%Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.%3(4): 214 (-215)%1895%%Reference to the basionym indirect (via Geyer ex Hook., London J. Bot. 6: 73. 1847)%Violaceae Viola sarmentosa Douglas var. orbiculata A.Gray%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 60461699-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Geyer ex Hook.%%Geyer ex Hook.%Viola orbiculata%London J. Bot.%6: 73%1847%nom. inval. provisional name. Protologue: V. orbiculata, Geyer, MSS. I am by no means sure of this species; the specimens exactly agree in the flowers and foliage with what I possess from Dr. Schweinitz as V. rotundifolia, Mx. It also resembles V. blanda, Nutt. ; the flowers and leaves are large. If it proves distinct, Mr. Geyer's mst. name of V. orbiculata should be adopted.%Hooker ascribed the name V. orbiculata to geyer, but did not ascribe the diagnostic characters the flowers and leaves are large. to geyer.%%%%%tax. nov. 60461714-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(A.Gray) Geyer ex B.D.Jacks.%(A.Gray)%Geyer ex B.D.Jacks.%Viola orbiculata%Index Kew.%2(4): 1208%1895%%Reference to the basionym indirect (via V. orbiculata Geyer ex A. Gray (1849), invalid)%Violaceae Viola sarmentosa Douglas var. orbiculata A.Gray%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868847-1%1.3.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Geyer ex A.Gray%%Geyer ex A.Gray%Viola orbiculata%Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts%ser. 2, 4(1): 11, adnot.%1849%nom. inval. nom. nud. Protologue: No. 296 of the same collection (V. orbiculata, Geyer Mss.) is certainly neither V. rotundifolia nor V. blanda, but, I suspect, V. sarmentosa of Douglas.%%%%%%tax. nov. 868848-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.Rémy%%J.Rémy%Viola orbignyana%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 3, 6: 353%1846%%%%%%%unknown 868849-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Drabble%%Drabble%Viola orcadensis%J. Bot.%65: 44%1927%%%%%%%unknown 868850-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rudge%%Rudge%Viola orchidiflora%Pl. Guian.%i. 11. t. 10%1805%%%%%%%unknown 868851-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb.%%M.Bieb.%Viola oreades%Fl. Taur.-Caucas.%3: 167%%%%%%%%unknown 868852-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola oreliensis%Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins%n.s., xviii. 76.%%%%%%%%unknown 266781-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola oreocallis%Pittonia%4(25): 288%1901%%%%%%British Columbia (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 868854-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola oreophila%Pittonia%4(25): 307%1901%%%%%%%unknown 868855-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola orientalis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 265%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868856-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola orientalis%in B. Fedtsch. Fl. Asiat. Ross.%No. 8. 95 (1915)%%%%%%%%unknown 77234499-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Nakai) Espeut%(Nakai)%Espeut%Viola orientalis subsp. xanthopetala%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 37%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola xanthopetala Nakai%%%%comb. nov. 77307614-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Gonzáles, Montesinos & J.M.Watson%%P.Gonzáles, Montesinos & J.M.Watson%Viola ornata%Phytotaxa%571(1): 54%2022%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.571.1.4%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266782-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola ornithodes%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 218%1906%%%%%%District of Columbia, Virginia, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868858-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola orophila%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%36: 191, in obs.%1886%%%%%%%unknown 868859-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola orphanidis%Fl. Orient. [Boissier]%1: 464%1867%%%%%%%unknown 892693-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Delip.%%Delip.%Viola orphanidis subsp. crinita%Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg.%7: 494%1979%%%%%%%unknown 892694-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Diklić & Nikolic%%Diklić & Nikolic%Viola orphanidis f. glabrescens%Glasn. Prir. Mus. Beogradu, Ser. B, Biol. Nauke%29: 18%1974%%%%%%%unknown 77251583-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Pant.) Valentine%(Pant.)%Valentine%Viola orphanidis subsp. nicolai%Feddes Repert.%74: 30%1967%%%Violaceae Viola nicolai Pant.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 892695-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Delip.%%Delip.%Viola orphanidis var. pirinica%Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg.%7: 495%1979%%%%%%%unknown 868860-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ledeb.%%Ledeb.%Viola orthoceras%Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.)%1(2): 258%1842%%%%%%%unknown 868861-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola oudemansii%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 421%1917%%%%%%%unknown 868862-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola ovalifolia%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 256%1916%%%%%%%unknown 266783-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola ovalleana%Anales Univ. Chile%81: 494%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266784-2%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola ovata%Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall].%1: 148%1818%%Nuttall referred to V. primulifolia sensu Pursh (Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 173. 1813), non Linnaeus (1753).%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868864-1%1.1.2.2.1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Raf. ex DC.%%Raf. ex DC.%Viola ovata%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 293%1824%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. primulifolia L. var. ovata DC. (1824).%%%%%%tax. nov. 266785-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola ovata var. belvisiana%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 294%1824%%%%%%Virginia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266786-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola ovata var. hicksii%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%10: 92%1896%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868866-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola ovato-oblonga%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%21: 59%1907%%%%%%%unknown 892696-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola ovato-oblonga f. variegata%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 339%1976%%%%%%%unknown 868867-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juz.%%Juz.%Viola oxycentra%Fl. URSS%15: 682%1949%%%%%%%unknown 266787-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola oxyceras%Pittonia%3(17): 255%1897%%%%%%%tax. nov. 300182-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.E.Ballard%%H.E.Ballard%Viola oxyodontis%Phytologia%74: 359, fig. 2%1993%%%%%%México (Mexico, Northern America)%tax. nov. 266788-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola oxysepala%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 34%1910%%%%%%Utah (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868870-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × pacheri%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%36: 190, et 40: 134, 162 (1890); Borb. inHallier, Koch's Syn. Deutsch. Fl. ed. 3, 185 (1892)%1886%%%%%%%unknown 868871-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch.%%Franch.%Viola pachyrhiza%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%26: 84%1879%%%%%%%unknown 868872-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.O.Wolf%%F.O.Wolf%Viola pachyrhizonia%in Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais,%xxvi. 258.%%%%%%%%unknown 868873-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Hohen.%%Boiss. & Hohen.%Viola pachyrrhiza%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 6: 21%1846%%%%%%%unknown 77192544-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Sheader & J.M.Watson%%M.Sheader & J.M.Watson%Viola pachysoma%Phytotaxa%382(1): 114%2018%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.382.1.6%%%%%nom. nov. 868874-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juz.%%Juz.%Viola pacifica%Fl. URSS%15: 411%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868875-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola paillouxi%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 36%%%%%%%%unknown 266789-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rose & House%%Rose & House%Viola painteri%Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus.%29: 443, pl. 4%1905%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 77071736-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.N.Lee%%Y.N.Lee%Viola palatina%Bull. Korea Pl. Res.%5: 15 (-16; photo)%2005%%%%%%South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868877-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Losa%%Losa%Viola palentina%Collect. Bot. (Barcelona)%ii. 295 (1950).%%%%%%%%unknown 266790-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pallascaensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 181%1922%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868879-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fisch. ex Steud.%%Fisch. ex Steud.%Viola pallasii%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%886%1821%%%%%%%unknown 266791-2%1.3.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Banks ex Ging.) Brainerd%(Banks ex Ging.)%Brainerd%Viola pallens%Rhodora%7(84): 247%1905%%%Violaceae Viola rotundifolia Michx. var. pallens Banks ex Ging.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868880-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.R.Forst. ex Schult.%%J.R.Forst. ex Schult.%Viola pallens%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 359%1819%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. blanda Willd.%%%%%%tax. nov. 868881-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola pallens%Rhodora%1905, 247.%%%%%%%%unknown 266792-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%L.R.Perkins%%L.R.Perkins%Viola pallens f. alba%Rhodora%11: 164%1909%%%%%%Massachusetts (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77234487-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola pallens subsp. hultenii%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 31%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola hultenii W.Becker%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266793-2%1.4.2.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(F.E.Lloyd) M.S.Baker%(F.E.Lloyd)%M.S.Baker%Viola pallens subsp. macloskeyi%Madroño%12(1): 18%1953%%The new combination Viola pallens subsp. macloskeyi is incorrect. At the rank of species, the priority of the epithet pallens starts from 1905 and of the epithet macloskeyi from 1895. Baker erred in reducing V. macloskeyi as a variety under V. pallens. On p. 60 (dt. 23 Apr 1953), Baker corrected the situation.%Violaceae Viola macloskeyi F.E.Lloyd%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266794-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%J.Rousseau%%J.Rousseau%Viola pallens var. subreptans%Naturaliste Canad.%65: 306%1938%%%%%%Quebec, Nova Scotia, Vermont & Massachusetts%tax. nov. 868882-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola pallescens%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 10%%%%%%%%unknown 868883-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Salisb.%%Salisb.%Viola pallida%Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton%130%1796%%%%%%%unknown 868884-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Huet ex Nyman%%A.Huet ex Nyman%Viola pallidiflora%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 81%1878%%%%%%%unknown 868885-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Knowles & Westc.%%Knowles & Westc.%Viola palmaesis%Fl. Cab.%ii. (1838) 165%%%%%%%%unknown 868886-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Buch.-Ham. ex Ging.%%Buch.-Ham. ex Ging.%Viola palmaris%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 298%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868887-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola palmata%Sp. Pl.%2: 933%1753%%%%%%%unknown 868888-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Patrin ex Ging.%%Patrin ex Ging.%Viola palmata%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 293%1824%%%%%%%unknown 287310-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.L.Rand & Redfield%%E.L.Rand & Redfield%Viola palmata f. albiflora%Fl. Mt. Desert Isl.%80%1894%%%%%%Maine (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266796-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Pollard) W.Stone%(Pollard)%W.Stone%Viola palmata var. angelliae%Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia%1903: 678, pl. 34, fig. 2%1903%%%Violaceae Viola × angelliae Pollard%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266797-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%House%%House%Viola palmata var. asarifolia%Torreya%2: 68%1902%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266798-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola palmata var. cucullata%Bot. Gaz.%11: 254%1886%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266799-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Elliott%%Elliott%Viola palmata var. dilatata%Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott]%1: 300%1817%%%%%%Georgia & Carolina, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 77113712-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Elliott ex Greene) D.B.Ward%(Elliott ex Greene)%D.B.Ward%Viola palmata var. esculenta%Phytologia%88(3): 244%2006%nom. illeg. nom. superfl.%Protologue: Viola palmata L. var. esculenta Elliott ex D. B. Ward, nom. nov. Based upon Viola esculenta Ell., nom. illeg., Sketch 1 :300. 1817. TYPE: Georgia, Ogeechee [River]. S. Elliott s.n. (CHARL, not seen). Ward's flagging of the name as nom.nov. and his authorship citation (Elliott ex D. B. Ward) are correctable errors.%Violaceae Viola esculenta Elliott ex Greene%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 325511-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Elliott%%Elliott%Viola palmata var. fragrans%Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott]%1: 300%1817%%%%%%13 mi froms Savannah, on the great southern road, Georgia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 325512-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Elliott%%Elliott%Viola palmata var. heterophylla%Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott]%1: 300%1817%%%%%%Pennsylvania, Carolina, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266800-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hitchc.%%Hitchc.%Viola palmata var. obliqua%Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis%5: 487%1891%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1187855-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(G.Don) Cronquist%(G.Don)%Cronquist%Viola palmata var. pedatifida%Man. Vasc. Pl. NorthE. U.S. Canad.%ed. 2, 864%1991%%[Gandhi 12 Mar 1999]%%%%%unknown 266801-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola palmata var. sororia%Bot. Gaz.%26: 332%1898%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266802-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%O.R.Willis%%O.R.Willis%Viola palmata f. striata%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%16(10): 278%1889%%%%%%New Jersey, New York, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 1116185-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Schwein.) Ging. ex DC.%(Schwein.)%Ging. ex DC.%Viola palmata var. triloba%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 291 (-292)%1824%%%%%%%unknown 266803-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Stone%%W.Stone%Viola palmata var. variabilis%Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia%1903: 677%1903%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266804-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Stowell%%Stowell%Viola palmata var. variegata%J. Trenton Nat. Hist. Soc.%1: 26%1887%%%%%%New Jersey (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 287311-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.L.Rand & Redfield%%E.L.Rand & Redfield%Viola palmata f. variegata%Fl. Mt. Desert Isl.%81%1894%%%%%%Maine (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 325510-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Elliott%%Elliott%Viola palmata var. vulgaris%Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott]%1: 300%1817%%%%%%South Carolina?, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 868889-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Webb & Berthel.%%Webb & Berthel.%Viola palmensis%Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries (Phytogr.).%i. 112, in syn.%%%%%%%%unknown 868890-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%[Clairv.]%%[Clairv.]%Viola paludosa%Man. Herbor. Suisse%67%%%%%%%%unknown 868891-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola palustris%Sp. Pl.%2: 934%1753%%%%%%%unknown 266806-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola palustris subsp. brevipes%Madroño%3: 235, pl. 11, fig. 6%1936%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266807-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker) R.J.Davis%(M.S.Baker)%R.J.Davis%Viola palustris var. brevipes%Madroño%11: 144%1951%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77130719-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Link ex Wein) Cout.%(Link ex Wein)%Cout.%Viola palustris subsp. juressi%Notas Fl. Portugal%5: 12%1921%%%Violaceae Viola juressi Link ex Wein%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266808-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%J.K.Henry%%J.K.Henry%Viola palustris var. leimonia%Fl. S. Brit. Columbia%207%1915%%%%%%Vancouver Island, British Columbia (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 266809-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola palustris var. pensylvanica%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 294%1824%%%%%%North America%tax. nov. 965582-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Kuta%%Kuta%Viola palustris subsp. pubifolia%Fragm. Florist. Geobot.%35(1–2): 21%1991%%%%%%Poland (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 266810-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola palustris subsp. typica%Madroño%3: 235%1936%%%%%%%tax. nov. 908226-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Beck.) Tzvelev%(W.Beck.)%Tzvelev%Viola palustroides%Arktichesk. Fl. SSSR%8: 36%1980%%%Violaceae Viola epipsila Fr. ex Nyman subsp. palustroides%%%%comb. nov. 30009343-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola papilionacea%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%i. 173%1813%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868892-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola papilionacea%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%i. 173%1813%%%%%%%unknown 291317-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Stone%%Stone%Viola papilionacea var. aberrans%%%%%Viola fimbriatula X papilionacea%%%%%tax. nov. 266811-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Torr. & A.Gray) Farw.%(Torr. & A.Gray)%Farw.%Viola papilionacea var. alba%Rept. Mich. Acad. Sci%19: 259%1918%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266812-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Grover%%Grover%Viola papilionacea f. albiflora%Ohio J. Sci.%39: 148%1939%%%%%%Ohio (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266813-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pollard in Britton%%Pollard in Britton%Viola papilionacea var. domestica%Man. Fl. N. States [Britton]%636%1901%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266814-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Creutz%%Creutz%Viola papilionacea f. michaelii%Wild Fl.%35: 9, fig. 3%1959%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868893-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Hohen.%%Boiss. & Hohen.%Viola papillaris%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 8: 52%1849%%%%%%%unknown 868894-1%1.1.1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Pulle%%W.Becker & Pulle%Viola papuana%Nova Guinea%8: 670%1912%%%%%%%unknown 868895-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lowe%%Lowe%Viola paradoxa%Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc.%6: reimpr. 28%1838%%%%%%%unknown 868896-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × paradoxa%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%38: 220%1888%%%%%%Austria%unknown 868897-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola paradoxa%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 16, in obs., hybr.%1896%%%%%%%unknown 868898-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hara%%Hara%Viola paravaginata%J. Jap. Bot.%xliii. 47%1968%%%%%%%unknown 291308-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × parca%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 506%1924%%Viola fimbriatula X septentrionalis%%%%%tax. nov. 868900-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pardoi%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%56: 187%1906%%%%%%%unknown 868901-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Banks ex Ging.%%Banks ex Ging.%Viola pariaetariaefolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 308%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868902-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Champ. ex Benth.%%Champ. ex Benth.%Viola parkeri%Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc.%3: 261%1851%%%%%%%unknown 868903-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%hort. ex E.Vilm.%%hort. ex E.Vilm.%Viola parmensis%Fl. Pleine Terre%946%1863%%%%%%%unknown 266815-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola parnassifolia%Pittonia%5(26): 32%1902%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 997432-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kit Tan, G.Sfikas & G.Vold%%Kit Tan, G.Sfikas & G.Vold%Viola parnonia%Ann. Bot. Fenn.%34(3): 149%1997%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 868905-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.Adans.%%E.Adans.%Viola parva%Hartwell, Cot. Phaenoy. and. Crypt. Pl. Fitchburg%(1885), ex Bull. Torrey Bot.Club, xiii. (1886) 85. (Quid ?)%%%%%%%%unknown 266816-2%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.f.%%L.f.%Viola parviflora%Suppl. Pl.%396 (-397)%1782%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868907-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kit. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Kit. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola parviflora%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 383%1819%%%%%%%unknown 312804-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola parvifolia%Pl. Hartw. [Bentham]%161%1845%%later homonym (non Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. 1819)%%%%Sabulosis montis Antisana, 15400 ft, Napo (Ecuador, Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 868909-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roem. & Schult.%%Roem. & Schult.%Viola parvifolia%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%%%%%%unknown 868910-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Tineo%%Tineo%Viola parvula%Pl. Rar. Sicil.%1: 5%1817%%%%%%%unknown 868911-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Opiz%%Opiz%Viola parvula%Boehm. Gew.%(1823) 32; Natural. n. vi. (1824) 45%%%%%%%%unknown 868912-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pascua%Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engler & Prantl]%xxi. 373 (1925)%%%%%%%%unknown 868913-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & W.Becker%%W.Becker & W.Becker%Viola pascua%Bull. Inst. Jard. Bot. Univ. Belgrade%i. 34 (1928), descr. ampl.%%%%%%%%unknown 266817-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola patagonica%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 356%1925%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 868915-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola patrinii%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 293%1824%%%%%%%unknown 77142476-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Makino%%Makino%Viola patrinii var. minor%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%6: 50%1892%%%%%%%tax. nov. 992181-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Koji Ito%%Koji Ito%Viola patrinii f. toyokoroensis%J. Jap. Bot.%71(5): 301 (1996)%1996%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868916-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Degen & Zsák%%Degen & Zsák%Viola paxiana%Magyar Bot. Lapok%1913, xii. 21, hybr.%%%%%%%Transylv.%unknown 291309-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × peckiana%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 500%1924%%Viola palamta X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 266818-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.P.Bicknell%%E.P.Bicknell%Viola pectinata%Torreya%4(9): 129 (-130)%1904%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 286957-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola pedata%Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus]%2: 933%1753%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266820-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Thurb.) Britton%(Thurb.)%Britton%Viola pedata f. alba%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%17(5): 124%1890%%%Violaceae Viola pedata L. var. alba Thurb.%%%%stat. nov. 266821-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Thurb.%%Thurb.%Viola pedata var. alba%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%1(5): 20%1870%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266827-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Thurb.) House%(Thurb.)%House%Viola pedata f. alba%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%243-244: 46%1923%%%Violaceae Viola pedata L. var. alba Thurb.%%%%stat. nov. 266822-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Britton%%Britton%Viola pedata f. bicolor%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%17(5): 123%1890%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266823-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola pedata var. bicolor%%%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287309-2%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Brainerd ex Fernald%%Brainerd ex Fernald%Viola pedata f. cuneatiloba%Rhodora%51: 56, tab. 1136, fig. 3%1949%%%%%%West Virginia (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77320005-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Brainerd ex Fernald) H.E.Ballard%(Brainerd ex Fernald)%H.E.Ballard%Viola pedata subsp. cuneatiloba%J. Torrey Bot. Soc.%150(1): 174%2023%%doi:10.3159/TORREY-D-22-00029.1%Violaceae Viola pedata L. f. cuneatiloba Brainerd ex Fernald%%%%stat. nov. 266824-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%D.Don & Link in Sweet%%D.Don & Link in Sweet%Viola pedata var. flabellata%Brit. Fl. Gard. [Sweet]%(ser. 2) 3: tab. 247%1834%%%%%%Georgia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 297388-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Greene%%Greene%Viola pedata var. inornata%Pittonia%3(14): 35%1896%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266825-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(DC.) F.Seym.%(DC.)%F.Seym.%Viola pedata f. lineariloba%Fl. New England%ed. 2. 602%1982%%[Gandhi 8 Jan 1998; in author]%%%%%tax. nov. 266826-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola pedata var. lineariloba%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 291%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 921666-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(DC.) F.Seym.%(DC.)%F.Seym.%Viola pedata f. lineariloba%Phytologia Mem.%5: 602 (1982):%1982%%%Violaceae Viola pedata L. var. lineariloba%%%%comb. nov. 266828-2%1.10%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Juss. ex Poir.) Ging. ex DC.%(Juss. ex Poir.)%Ging. ex DC.%Viola pedata var. ranunculifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 291%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287798-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Juss. ex Poir.) Fernald%(Juss. ex Poir.)%Fernald%Viola pedata f. ranunculifolia%Rhodora%51: 56%1949%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77251853-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Juss. ex Poir.) Ging.%(Juss. ex Poir.)%Ging.%Viola pedata var. ranunculifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 291%1824%%%Violaceae Viola ranunculifolia Juss. ex Poir.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266829-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%A.L.Sanders%%A.L.Sanders%Viola pedata f. rosea%Rhodora%13: 172%1911%%%%%%Massachusetts (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 287797-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%House%%House%Viola pedata f. rosea%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%243-244: 56%1923%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266830-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Schwein.%%Schwein.%Viola pedata var. velutina%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%5: 51%1822%%%%%%Eastern North America%tax. nov. 317477-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Don%%G.Don%Viola pedatifida%Gen. Hist.%1: 320%1831%%[Gandhi 12 Mar 1999]%%%%%tax. nov. 266831-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Greene%%Greene%Viola pedatifida var. bernardii%Pittonia%3(18): 259%1898%%as bernardi%%%%Wisconsin (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1089553-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Pollard) McKinney%(Pollard)%McKinney%Viola pedatifida subsp. brittoniana%Sida, Bot. Misc.%7: 22%1992%%%%%%%unknown 60454696-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Pollard) R.J.Little & L.E.McKinney%(Pollard)%R.J.Little & L.E.McKinney%Viola pedatifida var. brittoniana%J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas%4(1): 225%2010%%%Violaceae Viola brittoniana Pollard%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266832-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Greene%%Greene%Viola pedatifida var. indivisa%Pittonia%5(27): 124%1903%nom. inval. , pro syn. of Viola indivisa Greene%%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868921-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Langsd. ex Ging.%%Langsd. ex Ging.%Viola peduncularis%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 297%1824%%%%%%%unknown 868922-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Torr.%%Torr.%Viola pedunculata%Pacif. Railr. Rep.%iv. 68, partim%%%%%%%%unknown 868923-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Torr. & A.Gray%%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola pedunculata%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 141%1838%%%%%%%unknown 266833-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola pedunculata subsp. tenuifolia%Madroño%10: 127, tab. 5, 8%1949%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266834-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) J.T.Howell%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%J.T.Howell%Viola pedunculata var. tenuifolia%Mentzelia%no. 1: 8%1976%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266835-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola pedunculata subsp. typica%Madroño%10: 127%1949%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868924-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pekinensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 251%1916%%%%%%%unknown 868925-1%1.2.2.1.1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pendulicarpa%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%36(2): 55%1918%%%%%%%unknown 77334011-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yan S.Huang & Q.Fan%%Yan S.Huang & Q.Fan%Viola pendulipes%Nordic J. Bot.%2023(12)-e04165: 3%2023%%doi:10.1111/njb.04165 Etymology: 'The specific epithet refers to the curved and drooping peduncles of its fruits'.%%%%Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868926-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Michx.%%Michx.%Viola pensylvanica%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michaux)%2: 149%1803%%%%%%%unknown 266836-2%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Fernald & Wiegand) Fernald%(Fernald & Wiegand)%Fernald%Viola pensylvanica var. leiocarpa%Rhodora%43: 617%1941%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868927-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fenzl%%Fenzl%Viola pentadactyla%Pug. Pl. Nov. Syr.%12%1842%%%%%%%unknown 892698-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Zohary%%Zohary%Viola pentadactyla subsp. hierosolymitana%Fl. Palaest. [M.Zohary & N.Feinbrun-Dothan]%2: 459%1972%%%%%%%unknown 868928-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vierh.%%Vierh.%Viola pentelica%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%64: 266%1914%%%%%%%unknown 266837-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola peramoena%Pittonia%5(26): 94%1902%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868930-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord. ex Boreau%%Jord. ex Boreau%Viola peregrina%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 82%1857%%%%%%%unknown 868931-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Miégev.%%Miégev.%Viola perennis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%12: 340%1866%%%%%%%unknown 868932-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.Vilm.%%E.Vilm.%Viola perennis%Fl. Pleine Terre%949%1863%%%%%%%unknown 868933-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Colenso%%Colenso%Viola perexigua%Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst.%xvi. (1884) 326.%%%%%%%%unknown 868934-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola perinensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 74%1921%%%%%%%unknown 868935-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola × permixta%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%vii. (1849) 6.%%%%%%%%unknown 266838-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola perpensa%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 184%1906%%%%%%Illinois (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 291310-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × perpera%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 503%1924%%Viola hirsutula X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 868938-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gremli%%Gremli%Viola perplexa%Excursionsfl. Schweiz, Ed. 2.%106%1874%%%%%%%unknown 868939-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola perpusilla%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%55: 468%1908%%%%%%%unknown 77135359-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(L.G.Adams) R.J.Little & Leiper%(L.G.Adams)%R.J.Little & Leiper%Viola perreniformis%Austrobaileya%9(1): 82%2013%%%Violaceae Viola hederacea Labill. subsp. perreniformis L.G.Adams%%%%stat. nov. 868940-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola perrobusta%Magyar Növényt. Lapok%xiii. (1890) 81; et in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. xl. (1896)245%%%%%%%%unknown 868942-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola persicariifolia%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 628%1808%%%%%%%unknown 868943-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schreb.%%Schreb.%Viola persicifolia%Spic. Fl. Lips.%[163]%1771%%also published by Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 2(1): 271 (1789)%%%%Middle Europe (Europe)%tax. nov. 868945-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola persicifolia%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%243%1839%nom. illeg. later homonym%%%%%Switzerland (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 77105462-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker & Kloos%%W.Becker & Kloos%Viola persicifolia var. lacteoides%Ned. Kruidk. Arch.%33: 192%1924%%as lacteaeoides%%%%%tax. nov. 868946-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola perstolona%Balaton Tavának Növényföldr.%395 (1900).%%%%%%%%unknown 868947-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.Lloyd%%J.Lloyd%Viola pesneaui%Fl. Ouest France%ed. 3, 43%1876%%%%%%%unknown 868948-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker ex Gagnep.%%W.Becker ex Gagnep.%Viola petelotii%Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H. Lecomte et al.]%Suppl.: 181, gallice%1939%%%%%%%unknown 868949-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nyár.%%Nyár.%Viola peterfii%Bul. Inform. Grad. & Muz. Bot. Univ. Cluj%1924, iv. 66, hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 266839-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola petraea%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 354%1925%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 266840-2%1.3.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola petraea f. albida%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 136%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 266841-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola petrophila%Pittonia%4(25): 286%1901%%%%%%Vancouver Island%tax. nov. 868952-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola phalacrocarpa%Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg%xxiii. (1877) 318.%%%%%%%%unknown 1000427-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Okuhara ex T.Shimizu%%Okuhara ex T.Shimizu%Viola phalacrocarpa f. plena%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1506%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 868953-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola phalacrocarpoides%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%23: 136%1909%%%%%%%unknown 294487-2%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola philippiana%Pittonia%2(7): 14%1889%%%%%%%nom. nov. 868955-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cav.%%Cav.%Viola philippica%Icon. [Cavanilles]%vi. 19. t. 529. f. 2.%%%%%%%%unknown 77251893-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola philippica var. gurwhalensis%Unknown Publ.%%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77081029-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) Y.S.Chen%(Nakai)%Y.S.Chen%Viola philippica var. pseudojaponica%Fl. China%13: 100%2007%%%Violaceae Viola pseudojaponica Nakai%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 868956-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola philippii%Anales Univ. Chile%(1859) 681%%%%%%%%unknown 266842-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola philippii var. arbuscula%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 909%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 907264-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola phitosiana%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 396 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 266843-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola physalodes%Pl. Baker. [Greene]%3: 12%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 126164-3%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Don%%G.Don%Viola phyteumifolia%Gen. Hist.%1: 322%1831%%Based on specimen in Herb. Lambert.%%%%%unknown 868958-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC. ex G.Don%%DC. ex G.Don%Viola phyteumifolia%Gen. Hist.%1: 322%1831%%%%%%%unknown 868959-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola pichinchensis%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%27(2): 335%1854%%%%%%%unknown 868960-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gillot%%Gillot%Viola picta%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%32: 241%1885%%%%%%%unknown 868961-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Blume%%Blume%Viola pilosa%Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.%2: 57%1825%%%%%%%unknown 868962-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pers.%%Pers.%Viola pilosa%Syn. Pl. [Persoon]%1: 255%1805%%%%%%%unknown 868963-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Blume%%Blume%Viola pilosa%Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg (Blume)%57%1823%%%%%%%unknown 77309168-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola pilushanensis%New Taxa New Names%5: 185%2022%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868964-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola pindicola%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%34: 334%1896%%%%%%%unknown 266844-2%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola pinetorum%Pittonia%2(7): 14%1889%%%%%%Kern County (California, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1026432-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Jeps.) R.J.Little%(Jeps.)%R.J.Little%Viola pinetorum subsp. grisea%Phytologia%72: 77%1992%%%%%%%unknown 60458168-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Jeps.) R.J.Little%(Jeps.)%R.J.Little%Viola pinetorum var. grisea%J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas%5(2): 633%2011%%%Violaceae Viola purpurea Kellogg var. grisea Jeps.%%%%comb. nov. 868966-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Richardson%%Richardson%Viola pinnata%in Frankl.%1st Journ. App. 734%%%%%%%%unknown 868967-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola pinnata%Sp. Pl.%2: 934%1753%%%%%%%unknown 77234481-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola pinnata var. sieboldiana%Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg%ser. 3, 23: 313%1877%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868968-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%All.%%All.%Viola pinnatifida%Misc. Taur.%iii. t. 5.%%%%%%%%unknown 868969-1%1.1.2.2.4.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chiov.%%Chiov.%Viola pirottae%Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital.%(1893) 287%%%%%%%%unknown 77203632-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola pitouchaoensis%New Taxa New Names%2: 54%2022%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 868970-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola placida%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%36(2): 58%1918%%%%%%%unknown 266845-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola planifolia%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 41%1910%%%%%%Georgia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868972-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Webb ex Christ%%Webb ex Christ%Viola plantaginea%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%9(1): 96%1887%%%%%%%unknown 868973-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola plenigeri%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xxxiii. 1894 (1895) 158.%%%%%%%%unknown 868974-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola pluricaulis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%41: 422; G. Beck, Fl. Nied.-Oest. 2(1): 514 (1892)%1891%%%%%%%unknown 77192872-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Marcussen, H.E.Ballard & Blaxland%%Marcussen, H.E.Ballard & Blaxland%Viola pluviae%Nordic J. Bot.%36(9)-e01931: 3%2018%%doi:10.1111/njb.01931%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868975-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ye.V.Serg.%%Ye.V.Serg.%Viola pobedimovae%Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R.%21: 286%1961%%%%%%%unknown 868976-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Andrz. ex Trautv.%%Andrz. ex Trautv.%Viola podolica%Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada%viii. (1883) 124, nomen (Quid ?).%%%%%%%%unknown 868977-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Andrz.%%Andrz.%Viola podolica%in Trud. Kom. Vys. Uchr., Kiev%No. 1 (Enum. Pl. Podol.) 16 (1860)%%%%%%%%unknown 868978-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr%%Murr%Viola poelliana%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xvi. 3 (1910).%%%%%%%%unknown 868979-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Spruner%%Boiss. & Spruner%Viola poetica%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 6: 21%1846%%%%%%%unknown 868980-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.W.Sm.%%W.W.Sm.%Viola pogonantha%Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh%12: 228%1920%%%%%%%unknown 1019462-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × poltavensis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 139%2001%%%%%%Ukraine.%tax. nov. 312805-2%1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.E.Ballard & P.Jørg.%%H.E.Ballard & P.Jørg.%Viola polycephala%Novon%7: 13%1997%%nom. nov. for V. parvifolia Benth. 1845 (later homonym, non Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. 1819)%%%%Sabulosis montis Antisana, 15400 ft, Napo (Ecuador, Western South America, Southern America)%nom. nov. 868981-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Kern.%%A.Kern.%Viola polychroma%Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro-Hung. [Kerner]%2: 89%1882%%%%%%%unknown 868982-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola polygalifolia%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 647%1808%%%%%%%unknown 868983-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola polymorpha%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 247%1949%%%%%%%unknown 868984-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola polyodonta%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 332%1910%%%%%%%unknown 868985-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola polypoda%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%36(1): 555%1863%%%%%%%unknown 868986-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola polysecta%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%33: 206, in syn.%1919%%%%%%%unknown 868987-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen & Mauricio%%Sennen & Mauricio%Viola pomelli%Cat. Fl. Rif Orient.%15, nomen.%1933%%%%%%%unknown 868988-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pontica%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%36(2): 18%1918%%%%%%%unknown 1012256-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × popovae%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 216 (1998)%1998%%%%%%North Caucasus (Stavropol).%tax. nov. 77060102-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × popovae nothosubsp. romankoshica%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%35: 138 (140-141; fig.)%2003%%%%%%Krym (Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 266846-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola populifolia%Pittonia%3(19): 337%1898%%%%%%Port Flamboro, Ontario (Eastern Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 868990-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Uechtritz ex Garcke%%Uechtritz ex Garcke%Viola porphyrea%Fl. Deutschland, ed. 13%51%1878%%%%%%%unknown 30098641-2%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gay%%Gay%Viola portalesia%Fl. Chil. [Gay]%1: 209 (-210; t. 6)%1846%%Gay did not provide an etymology for the epithet portalesia. He seems to have used the epithet as a noun in apposition.%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266847-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola portalesia var. integerrima%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 897%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266848-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola porteriana%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%24(8): 404, t. 314%1897%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868992-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola porteriana%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%24(8): 404%1897%%%%%%%unknown 868993-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola portulacea%Flora%48: 381%1865%%%%%%%unknown 868994-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Heuff. ex Fuss%%Heuff. ex Fuss%Viola praecox%Fl. Transsilv.%81%%%%%%%%unknown 266849-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Douglas%%Douglas%Viola praemorsa%Edwards's Bot. Reg.%15: t. 1254%1829%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266850-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Blank.%%Blank.%Viola praemorsa var. altior%Sci. Stud. Montana Coll. Agric., Bot.%1: 83%1905%%%%%%Montana (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266851-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola praemorsa subsp. arida%Brittonia%9: 227, fig. 11%1957%%%%%%Washington, Oregon, California & Nevada, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266852-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) J.T.Howell%(Greene)%J.T.Howell%Viola praemorsa var. bakeri%Mentzelia%no. 1: 7%1976%%%%%%%tax. nov. 892699-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) J.T.Howell%(Greene)%J.T.Howell%Viola praemorsa var. bakeri%Mentzelia%1: 8%1975%%%%%%%unknown 286958-2%1.4.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Pollard) Fabijan%(Pollard)%Fabijan%Viola praemorsa subsp. flavovirens%Canad. J. Bot.%65(12): 2579%1987%%%Violaceae Viola flavovirens Pollard%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 60454697-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Pollard) R.J.Little%(Pollard)%R.J.Little%Viola praemorsa var. flavovirens%J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas%4(1): 225%2010%%%Violaceae Viola flavovirens Pollard%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266853-2%1.6.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Nutt.) M.S.Baker%(Nutt.)%M.S.Baker%Viola praemorsa subsp. linguifolia%Madroño%10(4): 128%1949%%M. S. Baker published 9 new combinations, ascribed 7 of them to M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen, and did not ascribe two new combinations (V. praemorsa subsp. linguifolia & subsp. major) to anyone.%Violaceae Viola linguifolia Nutt.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266854-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nutt.) M.Peck%(Nutt.)%M.Peck%Viola praemorsa var. linguifolia%Man. Pl. Oregon%486%1941%%With a belief that his comb. nov. was invalidly publsihed, Peck (Madrono 6: 135. Oct 1941) republished it; however, his comb. nov. was validly published in Man. Pl. Oregon%%%%%tax. nov. 266855-2%1.4.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Hook.) M.S.Baker%(Hook.)%M.S.Baker%Viola praemorsa subsp. major%Madroño%10(4): 128%1949%%M. S. Baker published 9 new combinations, ascribed 7 of them to M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen, and did not ascribe two new combinations (V. praemorsa subsp. linguifolia & subsp. major) to anyone.%Violaceae Viola nuttallii Pursh var. major Hook.%%%%comb. nov. 266856-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hook.) M.Peck%(Hook.)%M.Peck%Viola praemorsa var. major%Man. Pl. Oregon%486%1941%%With a belief that his comb. nov. was invalidly publsihed, Peck (Madrono 6: 135. Oct 1941) republished it; however, his comb. nov. was validly published in Man. Pl. Oregon%%%%%tax. nov. 266857-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola praemorsa subsp. oregona%Brittonia%9: 228, fig. 12%1957%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266858-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(S.Watson) A.Gray%(S.Watson)%A.Gray%Viola praemorsa var. venosa%Syn. Fl. N. Amer.%1, pt. 1: 200%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 868996-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola praesignis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 450, hybr.%1921%%%%%%%unknown 868997-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Mert. & W.D.J.Koch%%Mert. & W.D.J.Koch%Viola pratensis%Deutschl. Fl. (Mertens & W. D. J. Koch), ed. 3.%2: 267%1826%%%%%%%unknown 266859-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola pratincola%Pittonia%4(21): 64%1899%%%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 868999-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola prattii%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1929(6): 202%1929%%%%%%%unknown 869000-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola prenja%Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus.%ii. (1887) 81. t. 4 fig. 1-4%%%%%%%%unknown 934057-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nauenb.%%Nauenb.%Viola × preywischiana%Florist. Rundbr.%21(1): 3 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Germany.%tax. nov. 266860-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola priceana%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%16: 127%1903%%%%%%Kentucky (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869002-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pricei%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 252%1928%%%%%%%unknown 987798-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Becker) Vorosch.%(W.Becker)%Vorosch.%Viola primorskajensis%Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR [A.K.Skvortsov]%182%1985%%%Violaceae Viola tenuicornis W.Becker subsp. primorskajensis W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 30217943-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola primulifolia%Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus]%2: 934%1753%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869003-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schult.%%Schult.%Viola primulifolia%Observ. Bot. [Schultes]%48%1809%%%%%%%unknown 869004-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lour.%%Lour.%Viola primulifolia%Fl. Cochinch.%2: 513%1790%%%%%%%unknown 266861-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Bigelow) Torr. & A.Gray%(Bigelow)%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola primulifolia var. acuta%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 139%1838%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266862-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola primulifolia var. australis%Bot. Gaz.%26: 342%1898%%%%%%Southern states%tax. nov. 266863-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola primulifolia var. boscii%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 293%1824%%%%%%Carolina, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266864-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Walter) DC.%(Walter)%DC.%Viola primulifolia var. cordata%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 293%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266865-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola primulifolia var. nuttallii%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 293%1824%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1206383-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(A.Gray) L.E.McKinney & R.J.Little%(A.Gray)%L.E.McKinney & R.J.Little%Viola primulifolia subsp. occidentalis%Phytologia%72: 79%1992%%%%%%%unknown 266866-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola primulifolia var. occidentalis%Bot. Gaz.%11: 255%1886%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266867-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Griscom%%Griscom%Viola primulifolia f. subcordata%Rhodora%38: 50%1936%%%%%%Maryland to Florida, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266868-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Eaton) N.H.Russell%(Eaton)%N.H.Russell%Viola primulifolia subsp. villosa%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%54: 487%1955%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266869-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Eaton%%Eaton%Viola primulifolia var. villosa%Man. Bot. (A. Eaton), ed. 5.%443%1829%%%%%%Georgia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869007-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola principis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%57: 258%1910%%%%%%%unknown 965396-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola principis var. acutifolia%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 264%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 869008-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rose & House%%Rose & House%Viola pringlei%Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus.%xxix. (1905) 444.%%%%%%%%unknown 869009-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bunge%%Bunge%Viola prionantha%Enum. Pl. China Bor. [A.A. von Bunge]%8%1833%%%%%%%unknown 965395-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola prionantha var. trichantha%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 262%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 266870-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola prionosepala%Pittonia%5(26): 99%1902%%%%%%Pennsylvania, New England and eastern Canada%tax. nov. 869011-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pall. ex Ledeb.%%Pall. ex Ledeb.%Viola procera%Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.)%1(2): 251%1842%%%%%%%unknown 869012-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%Viola procerior%Fl. Tirol%6(2): 858%1909%%%%%%%unknown 77320910-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Charit.%%Charit.%Viola × procumbens%Vestn. Tobol'skoi Gosud. Sotsial'no-Pedagog. Akad.%3: 58%2011%nom. inval. , description in Russian%%%%%West Siberia (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869013-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.F.Gmel.%%J.F.Gmel.%Viola procumbens%Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis].%2(1): 413%1791%%%%%%%unknown 869014-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gilib.%%Gilib.%Viola procumbens%Fl. Lit. Inch.%ii. 123%1782%%%%%%%unknown 266871-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola producta%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%37(5): 591%1906%%%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869016-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola propera%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%vii. (1849) 6%%%%%%%%unknown 869017-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola propinqua%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%18%1852%%%%%%%unknown 869018-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Roem. & Schult.%%Roem. & Schult.%Viola prostrata%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 382%1819%%%%%%%unknown 869019-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boreau%%Boreau%Viola provostii%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 82%1857%%%%%%%unknown 266872-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola pruinosa%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%13: 130%1900%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869021-1%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kunth%%Kunth%Viola prunellifolia%Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]%v. 370.%%%%%%%%unknown 869022-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fisch. ex Ging.%%Fisch. ex Ging.%Viola prunellifolia%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 293%1824%%%%%%%unknown 869023-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola pruniflora%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 563%1928%%%%%%%unknown 869024-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola prunifolia%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869025-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola × prutensis%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 464%1914%%%%%%%unknown 869026-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil.%%Phil.%Viola psammophila%Linnaea%33(1): 14%1864%%%%%%%unknown 77154212-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Tomović, Melovski & Niketić%%Tomović, Melovski & Niketić%Viola pseudaetolica%Phytotaxa%253(4): 242%2016%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.253.4.1 the specific epithet is derived from the great similarity with V. aetolica%%%%Macedonia (Yugoslavia, Southeastern Europe, Europe);Serbia (Yugoslavia, Southeastern Europe, Europe);Albania (Southeastern Europe, Europe);Montenegro (Yugoslavia, Southeastern Europe, Europe);Bosnia-Herzegovina (Yugoslavia, Southeastern Europe, Europe);%tax. nov. 266875-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola pseudasterias%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%16(3): 435, pl. 6%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266876-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola pseudasterias var. psammophila%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 900%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869028-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola pseudoarcuata%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 245%1949%%%%%%%unknown 869029-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola pseudobambusetorum%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 256%1949%%%%%%%unknown 869030-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola pseudocanina%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 113%%%%%%%%unknown 869031-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Strobl%%Strobl%Viola pseudogracilis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%27: 227%1877%nom. inval. , nom. provis., contrary to Art. 36.1(b) ICN (2012)%%%%%%tax. nov. 907265-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola pseudograeca%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 489 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 869032-1%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola pseudojaponica%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 560%1928%%as pseudo-japonica%%%%Eastern Asia (Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869033-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola pseudolutea%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%87%1866%%%%%%%unknown 1000428-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Mizush. ex T.Shimizu%%M.Mizush. ex T.Shimizu%Viola × pseudomakinoi%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1507%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 869034-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.J.Coste%%H.J.Coste%Viola pseudomirabilis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%40(Sess. Extraord.): cxv%1894%%%%%%%unknown 869035-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola pseudomonbeigii%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 251%1949%%%%%%%unknown 869041-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Błocki%%Błocki%Viola pseudomontana%Spraw. Komis. Fizjogr.%xxii. (1888) ii. 213%%%%%%%%unknown 869036-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pseudomunbyana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%22: 23%1925%%%%%%%unknown 869037-1%1.1.2.1.1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pseudoprionantha%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 423%1917%%%%%%%unknown 869038-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola pseudoselkirki%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%72: 195%1925%%%%%%%unknown 869042-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pseudosepincola%Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges.%viii. 253.%%%%%%%%unknown 869043-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × pseudosilvatica%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%38: 221%1888%%%%%%Austria%unknown 869044-1%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vorosch.%%Vorosch.%Viola pseudostagnina%Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc., Biol.%n. s., lii. Fasc. 3, 49 (1947)%%%%%%%%unknown 869039-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola pseudosuavis%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 103%%%%%%%%unknown 266877-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pseudovulcanica%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 358%1925%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 266878-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola psychodes%Pittonia%3(19): 318%1898%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869046-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hemsl.%%Hemsl.%Viola pteropoda%Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic.%2: 20%1879%%%%%%%unknown 266879-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Howell%%Howell%Viola puberula%Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell]%1: 72%1897%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869047-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lange%%Lange%Viola puberula%Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn%(1881) 102.%%%%%%%%unknown 266880-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Aiton%%Aiton%Viola pubescens%Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton]%3: 290%1789%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287795-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola pubescens f. achlydophylla%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%12: 127%1930%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266881-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola pubescens var. eriocarpa%Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall].%1: 150%1818%%Nuttall erred in using his varietal epithet as eriocarpon (adjective & neuter) in Viola (noun, feminine).%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266882-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Nutt.) Farw.%(Nutt.)%Farw.%Viola pubescens f. eriocarpa%Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci.%2: 33%1923%%%Violaceae Viola pubescens Aiton var. eriocarpa Nutt.%%%%stat. nov. 266883-2%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Schwein.) N.H.Russell%(Schwein.)%N.H.Russell%Viola pubescens var. eriocarpa%Sida%2: 78%1965%nom. illeg. later homonym non Nutt. (1818).%%Violaceae Viola eriocarpa Schwein.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 1105261-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola pubescens var. eriocarpon%: use V. pubescens var. eriocarpa%%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1113488-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola pubescens var. glabriuscula%Bot. Gaz.%11(11): 291%1886%%A. Gray (in Bot. Gaz. 11(11): 291. Nov 1886) remarked: “V. pubescens var. scabrinscula Torr. & Gray, which should have been named glabriuscula, for it really is not scabrous.” A. Gray did not publish var. glabriuscula.%%%%%tax. nov. 266884-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Fernald & Wiegand) B.Boivin%(Fernald & Wiegand)%B.Boivin%Viola pubescens var. leiocarpa%Phytologia%15: 435%1967%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287796-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola pubescens f. leiocarpa%Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci.%2: 33%1923%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266885-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(House) Levesque & Dans.%(House)%Levesque & Dans.%Viola pubescens f. peckii%Naturaliste Canad.%93: 515%1966%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266886-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%House%%House%Viola pubescens var. peckii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%243-244: 50%1923%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 296034-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Torr. & A.Gray%%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola pubescens var. scabriuscula%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 142%1838%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266887-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Grover%%Grover%Viola pubescens var. typica%Ohio J. Sci.%39: 146%1939%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77106211-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Kuta) G.H.Loos%(Kuta)%G.H.Loos%Viola pubifolia%Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins%1: 130%2010%%%Violaceae Viola palustris L. subsp. pubifolia Kuta%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 60456829-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rehmann & Woł.%%Rehmann & Woł.%Viola pubinervis%Fl. Polon. Exsicc.%1: no. 18%1893%%Info on this name from: Arne Anderberg (S)%%%%Poland (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869050-1%1.1.2.1.1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rehmann & Woł.%%Rehmann & Woł.%Viola pubinervis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%43(5): 190%1893%nom. inval. nom. nud. Rehmann & Wołoszczak did not provide or refer to a specific published description. Protologue: V. epipsila aut Germ. non Ledeb. et Fries%%%%%%tax. nov. 77234184-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola pubipetala%New Taxa New Names%4: 40%2022%%Etymology: the species is characterized by its pubescent petals, the character is only seen in this species among Taiwan Viola plants.%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 266888-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leyb. ex Reiche%%Leyb. ex Reiche%Viola pulchella%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%16(3): 438%1892%%later homonym (non Salisbury 1796).%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869051-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Salisb.%%Salisb.%Viola pulchella%Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton%130%1796%%%%%%%unknown 869052-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leyb. ex Reiche & Johow%%Leyb. ex Reiche & Johow%Viola pulchella%Fl. Chile [Reiche]%i. 153 (non Salisb.).%%%%%%%%unknown 869053-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pulla%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 250%1928%%%%%%%unknown 266889-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola pulvinata%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%16(3): 434, pl. 6%1892%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869055-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fries ex Nyman%%Fries ex Nyman%Viola pumila%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 78%1878%%%%%%%unknown 869056-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola pumila%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 114%%%%%%%%unknown 869057-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chaix%%Chaix%Viola pumila%Hist. Pl. Dauphiné (Villars)%1: 339%1786%%%%%%%unknown 869058-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola pumilio%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 246%1916%%%%%%%unknown 330530-2%1.7.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola punctata%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%The name and its description are ascribed to Humboldt & Bonpland, and to Willdenow (as 'Reliqu. Willd. MS'), respectively.%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869059-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schwein.%%Schwein.%Viola punctata%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%5: 67%1822%%%%%%%unknown 869061-1%1.1.2.1.1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ruiz & Pav. ex Ging.%%Ruiz & Pav. ex Ging.%Viola punicea%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 304%1824%%%%%%%unknown 869062-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schmidt%%F.W.Schmidt%Viola purpurascens%Fl. Boëm. Cent. 3.%49%1794%%%%%%%unknown 294758-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola purpurea%Pacific%%1855%%Kellogg published this name also in: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 56. 1854 (19 Feb 1855)%%%%from the interior, California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869063-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola purpurea%Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.%1: 56%1855%isonym%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869064-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steven%%Steven%Viola purpurea%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%29(1): 310, in textu.%1856%%%%%%%unknown 266805-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) R.J.Davis%(Greene)%R.J.Davis%Viola purpurea var. atriplicifolia%Fl. Idaho%477%1952%%isonym of V. purpurea var. atriplicifolia (Greene) M. Peck 1941%%%%%tax. nov. 266890-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Greene) M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%(Greene)%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. atriplicifolia%Madroño%10: 126%1949%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266891-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) M.Peck%(Greene)%M.Peck%Viola purpurea var. atriplicifolia%Man. Pl. Oregon%486%1941%%M. Peck (Madrono 6: 135. 1941) republished this comb. nov. (isonym)%%%%%tax. nov. 266892-2%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Kellogg) J.C.Clausen%(Kellogg)%J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. aurea%Madroño%17: 295%1964%%%Violaceae Viola aurea Kellogg%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266893-2%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Kellogg) M.S.Baker ex Jeps.%(Kellogg)%M.S.Baker ex Jeps.%Viola purpurea var. aurea%Fl. Calif. [Jepson]%2: 521%1936%%%Violaceae Viola aurea Kellogg%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 1141301-2%1.3.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) S.L.Welsh & N.D.Atwood%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%S.L.Welsh & N.D.Atwood%Viola purpurea var. charlestonensis%%%%%%%%%%unknown 266894-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) S.L.Welsh & Reveal%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%S.L.Welsh & Reveal%Viola purpurea var. charlestonensis%Great Basin Naturalist%35(4): 371%1976%%%%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266895-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. dimorpha%Madroño%10: 122 (tt. 4, 8)%1949%%%%%%Oregon & California, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266896-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) J.T.Howell%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%J.T.Howell%Viola purpurea var. dimorpha%Mentzelia%no. 1: 8%1976%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1173581-2%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. geophyta%Madroño%10(4): 124 (-125; tt. 4, 7))%1949%%%%%%Klamath County (Oregon, Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1175620-2%1.5.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%M.Peck%%M.Peck%Viola purpurea var. geophyta%Man. Pl. Oregon%486%1941%nom. inval. nom. nud. M. Peck did not provide Latin diagnosis. He published his V. purpurea var. geophyta as a new combination and based it on V. purpurea subsp. geophyta M.S. Baker & J.C. Clausen (invalid).%%%%%%stat. nov. 266897-2%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen ex M.Peck%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen ex M.Peck%Viola purpurea subsp. geophyta%Man. Pl. Oregon%486%1941%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. purpurea var. geophyta M. Peck (invalid).%%%%%%tax. nov. 266898-2%1.5.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) J.T.Howell%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%J.T.Howell%Viola purpurea var. geophyta%Mentzelia%1: 8%1976%%%Violaceae Viola purpurea Kellogg subsp. geophyta M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%%%stat. nov. 311670-2%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Jeps.%%Jeps.%Viola purpurea var. grisea%Fl. Calif. [Jepson]%2(1): 521%1936%%%%%%Tulare County (California, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266900-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. integrifolia%Madroño%10: 118 (t. 4)%1949%%%%%%Calif., Oregon., Nev, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266901-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) J.T.Howell%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%J.T.Howell%Viola purpurea var. integrifolia%Mentzelia%no. 1: 8%1976%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1173273-2%1.4.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen ex M.Peck%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen ex M.Peck%Viola purpurea subsp. mesophyta%Man. Pl. Oregon%486%1941%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. purpurea var. mesophyta M. Peck (invalid).%%%%%%tax. nov. 1192019-2%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%M.Peck%%M.Peck%Viola purpurea var. mesophyta%Man. Pl. Oregon%486%1941%nom. inval. nom. nud. M. Peck did not provide Latin diagnosis. He published his V. purpurea var. mesophyta as a new combination and based it on V. purpurea subsp. mesophyta M.S. Baker & J.C. Clausen (invalid).%%%%%%stat. nov. 1199548-2%1.4.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. mesophyta%Madroño%10(4): 114 (116-117; tt. 4, 7))%1949%%%%%%Plumas County (California, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266902-2%1.5.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) J.T.Howell%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%J.T.Howell%Viola purpurea var. mesophyta%Mentzelia%1: 8%1976%%%Violaceae Viola purpurea Kellogg subsp. mesophyta M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%%%stat. nov. 266903-2%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) J.C.Clausen%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. mohavensis%Madroño%17: 295%1964%%%Violaceae Viola aurea Kellogg subsp. mohavensis M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%%%comb. nov. 266904-2%1.5.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) J.T.Howell%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%J.T.Howell%Viola purpurea var. mohavensis%Mentzelia%1: 8%1976%%%Violaceae Viola aurea Kellogg subsp. mohavensis M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266905-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Greene%%Greene%Viola purpurea var. pinetorum%Fl. Francisc.%243%1891%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1026433-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen) R.J.Little%(M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen)%R.J.Little%Viola purpurea subsp. quercetorum%Phytologia%72: 77%1992%%%%%%%unknown 266906-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. typica%Madroño%10: 112%1949%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266907-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(S.Watson) M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%(S.Watson)%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. venosa%Madroño%10: 125%1949%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266908-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(S.Watson) Brainerd%(S.Watson)%Brainerd%Viola purpurea var. venosa%Vermont Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull.%224: 111, Sp. no. 48c%1921%%%Violaceae Viola nuttallii var. venosa S.Watson%%%%comb. nov. 266909-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola purpurea subsp. xerophyta%Madroño%10: 116, tab. 4, 7%1949%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869065-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook. & Arn.%%Hook. & Arn.%Viola pusilla%Bot. Misc.%3(8): 145%1833%%V. pusilla Hook. & Arn. is legitimate (non V. pusilla Schleich. (invalid))%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869066-1%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schleich.%%Schleich.%Viola pusilla%Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 4.%61%1821%nom. inval. nom. nud. Schleicher did not provide or refer to any previously and effectively published description.%%%%%%tax. nov. 869067-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Tourl.%%Tourl.%Viola pusilla%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%50: 306%1903%%%%%%%unknown 869068-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poepp.%%Poepp.%Viola pusilla%in Froriep, Notiz. Gebiet Natur-u. Heilk.%Ser. I, xxiii. 277 (1829), in adnot.%%%%%%%%unknown 869069-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wedd.%%Wedd.%Viola pusillima%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 5, 1: 291%1864%%%%%%%unknown 869070-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch. & Sav.%%Franch. & Sav.%Viola pycnophylla%Enum. Pl. Jap.%2: 285%1878%%%%%%%unknown 869071-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juss. ex Poir.%%Juss. ex Poir.%Viola pygmaea%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 630%1808%%%%%%%unknown 1019459-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × pynzarii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 136%2001%%%%%%Ukraine (Moldova).%tax. nov. 869072-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willk. ex Willk. & Lange%%Willk. ex Willk. & Lange%Viola pyrenaica%Prodr. Fl. Hispan.%3(3): 697%1878%%%%%%%unknown 869073-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ramond ex DC.%%Ramond ex DC.%Viola pyrenaica%Fl. Franc. [de Candolle & Lamarck], ed. 3.%4: 803%1805%%%%%%%unknown 949277-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Fern.Casado & Nava%%Fern.Casado & Nava%Viola pyrenaica subsp. montserratii%Candollea%41(1): 102 (1986)%1986%%%%%%Spain.%tax. nov. 869074-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola pyrolifolia%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 636%1808%%%%%%%unknown 77327157-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yan S.Huang & Q.Fan%%Yan S.Huang & Q.Fan%Viola qingruii%Nordic J. Bot.%2023(6)-e03941: 3%2023%%doi:10.1111/njb.03941 Etymology: 'in honor of the well-known Chinese botanist Prof. Qing-Rui Wang (Ching-Jui Wang) (1928–2020)'.%%%%Fujian (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);Guangdong (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);Zhejiang (China Southeast, China, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 309122-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola quercetorum%Leafl. W. Bot.%5: 101%1948%%%%%%Kern County (California, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869076-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Regel%%Regel%Viola raddeana%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%34(1): 463, 501%1861%%%%%%%unknown 869077-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola × radians%Fl. Nieder-Osterreich%ii. I. (1892) 514%%%%%%%Austria%unknown 869078-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC. ex Ging.%%DC. ex Ging.%Viola radicans%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 297%1824%%%%%%%unknown 266911-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola rafinesquei%Pittonia%4(20): 9%1899%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266912-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Moldenke%%Moldenke%Viola rafinesquii f. caerula%Phytologia%26: 225%1973%%%%%%Spartanburg County, South Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 892706-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Moldenke%%Moldenke%Viola rafinesquii f. caerulea%Phytologia%26(4): 225%1973%%%%%%%unknown 266913-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Moldenke%%Moldenke%Viola rafinesquii f. minor%Phytologia%26: 226%1973%%%%%%Bertie County, North Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77200664-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.O.Yoo%%K.O.Yoo%Viola ramiflora%Korean J. Pl. Taxon.%49(2): 140%2019%%doi:10.11110/kjpt.2019.49.2.140%%%%Korea (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77320763-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Charit.%%Charit.%Viola ramosa%Vestn. Tobol'skoi Gosud. Sotsial'no-Pedagog. Akad.%5: 121%2013%%%%%%West Siberia (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869080-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gaterau%%Gaterau%Viola ramosa%Descr. Pl. Montauban%154%1789%%%%%%%unknown 869081-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola ramosiana%Philipp. J. Sci.%19: 716%1922%%%%%%%unknown 869082-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola ramosissima%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%27(2): 336%1854%%%%%%%unknown 869083-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juss. ex Poir.%%Juss. ex Poir.%Viola ranunculifolia%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 626%1808%%%%%%%unknown 907266-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola rauliniana%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 372 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Crete;Cyprus.;%tax. nov. 869084-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Košanin%%W.Becker & Košanin%Viola raunsiensis%Bull. Inst. Jard. Bot. Univ. Belgrade%i. 33 (1928).%%%%%%%%unknown 907267-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola rausii%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 524 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 291312-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × ravida%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 502%1924%%Viola hirsutula X palmata%%%%%tax. nov. 869086-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Garcke%%Garcke%Viola recta%Fl. N. Mitt.-Deutschland, ed. 3.%47%1854%%%%%%%unknown 291311-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × redacta%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 506%1924%%Viola fimbriatula X hirsutula%%%%%tax. nov. 266915-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola redunca%Torreya%6: 171%1906%%%%%%South Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869089-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola regeliana%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 36, in adnot., hybr.%1896%%%%%%%unknown 77207000-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola regina%Int. Rock Gard.%122: 33%2020%%%%%%Valparaíso (Chile Central, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266916-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Skottsb. ex Macloskie%%Skottsb. ex Macloskie%Viola reichei%Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany%8, Suppl. 176%1915%%%%%%Chile & Patagonia%tax. nov. 266917-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Sparre%%Sparre%Viola reichei f. gunckelii%Lilloa%17: 405, fig. 8 c-d; tab. 12%1949%%%%%%Argentina (Neuquen) & Chile%tax. nov. 869090-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord. ex Boreau%%Jord. ex Boreau%Viola reichenbachiana%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 78%1857%%%%%%%unknown 77214810-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Beck) M.S.Porter, M.J.Y.Foley & L.Lewis%(Beck)%M.S.Porter, M.J.Y.Foley & L.Lewis%Viola reichenbachiana var. leucantha%Brit. Irish Bot.%2(3): 262%2020%%doi:10.33928/bib.2020.02.261%Violaceae Viola sylvestris Lam. f. leucantha Beck%%%%comb. nov. 77185826-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Rouy & Foucaud) P.D.Sell%(Rouy & Foucaud)%P.D.Sell%Viola reichenbachiana var. punctata%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola sylvestris Lam. subvar. punctata Rouy & Foucaud%%%%stat. nov. 869091-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Skottsb.%%Skottsb.%Viola reichii%in Scott, Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patag.%viii. Suppl. 176 (1914).%%%%%%%%unknown 869092-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola reichii%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 422%1917%%%%%%%unknown 266918-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cory%%Cory%Viola reidiae%Field & Lab.%18: 155%1950%%%%%%Texas (South-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869094-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola renifolia%Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts%viii. (1870) 288.%%%%%%%%unknown 266920-2%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Fernald%%Fernald%Viola renifolia var. brainerdii%Rhodora%14: 88%1912%%%%%%%tax. nov. 126189-3%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Sweet) Endl.%(Sweet)%Endl.%Viola reniformis%Catalogus Horti Academici Vindobonensis 1%%1842%%Publication seen in the Botany Dept. Library, BM(NH).%Violaceae Erpetion reniforme Sweet%%%%comb. nov. 869095-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola reniformis%Numer. List [Wallich]%n. 1443%1829%%%%%%%unknown 869096-1%1.1.2.2.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%R.Br. ex B.D.Jacks.%%R.Br. ex B.D.Jacks.%Viola reniformis%Index Kew.%2: 1209%1895%%Validated by reference to the description of Viola hederacea var. elatines (V. reniformis Brown ined. cited in synonymy)%%%%Australia (Australasia)%tax. nov. 869097-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola reniformis%Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich ed.)%2: 451%1824%%%%%%%unknown 1075360-2%1.4.2.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz. ex Trautv. & C.A.Mey.%%Turcz. ex Trautv. & C.A.Mey.%Viola repens%Fl. Ochot. Phaenog.%18%1856%nom. illeg. later homonym non Schwein. (1822).%%%%%Poland (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 265919-2%1.3.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schwein.%%Schwein.%Viola repens%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%5(1): 70 (-71)%1822%%%%%%North Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869098-1%1.1.2.1.1.4.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Buch.-Ham. ex Ging.%%Buch.-Ham. ex Ging.%Viola repens%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 296%1824%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. serpens Wall. ex Ging.%%%%%%tax. nov. 869099-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dombey ex Ging.%%Dombey ex Ging.%Viola repens%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 305%1824%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. dombeyana DC. ex Ging. (1824).%%%%%%tax. nov. 869101-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola repens%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%11(1): 88%1838%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 869102-1%1.1.2.1.1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz. ex Trautv. & C.A.Mey.%%Turcz. ex Trautv. & C.A.Mey.%Viola repens%Fl. Ochot.%(Middend. Reise N. & O. Sibir. i 11.) 18 (1856)%%nom. illeg. later homonym non Schwein. (1822).%%%%%%tax. nov. 77141700-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Popov%%Popov%Viola repens var. albiflora%Konspekt Fl. Pober. Baikal%213%1966%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266921-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola replicata%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%37(5): 589%1906%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266922-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola reptabunda%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 94%1910%%%%%%Georgia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 294757-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%B.L.Rob.%%B.L.Rob.%Viola reptans%Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts%27: 165%1892%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869105-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Presl ex Rchb.%%Presl ex Rchb.%Viola reptans%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%705%%%%%%%%unknown 77060117-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × reschetnikovae%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%35: 140 (-143; fig.)%2003%%%%%%Central European Russia (Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869107-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Moench%%Moench%Viola resupinata%Methodus (Moench)%230%1794%%%%%%%unknown 869108-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schltdl.%%Schltdl.%Viola reticulata%Linnaea%12(2): 201%1838%%%%%%%unknown 266923-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola retroscabra%Pittonia%4(25): 290%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266924-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola retusa%Pittonia%4(20): 6%1899%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 60458568-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willk.%%Willk.%Viola reverchonii%Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens.%13: 345%1895%%Debeaux, the publishing author, ascribed the name and its description to Willkomm%%%%%tax. nov. 869111-1%1.1.2.2.1.1.2.1.1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willk. ex Coincy%%Willk. ex Coincy%Viola reverchonii%Ecl. Pl. Hisp.%2: 9, sub t. 2%1895%nom. inval. a pro syn. of V. cochleata Coincy%%%%%%tax. nov. 869112-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wenk%%Wenk%Viola reverchonii%in Baenitz, Herb. Eur.%1896, 6 (non Willk.).%%%%%%%%unknown 869113-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Heuff. ex Rchb.%%Heuff. ex Rchb.%Viola revoluta%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%705%%%%%%%%unknown 869114-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × rhaetica%in Hallier, Koch's Syn. Deutsch. Fl. ed. 3%(1893) 186%%%%%%%%unknown 905526-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Okamoto%%M.Okamoto%Viola rheophila%Bull. Osaka Mus. Nat. Hist.%37: 10 (1984)%1984%%%%%%Borneo (Kalimantan).%tax. nov. 869115-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola rhizomata%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%49: 498%1935%%%%%%%unknown 869116-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chatenier & Revol ex Chatenier%%Chatenier & Revol ex Chatenier%Viola rhodanica%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%69: 710%1923%%%%%%%unknown 892708-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Delip.%%Delip.%Viola rhodopaea var. congesta%Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg.%7: 495%1979%%%%%%%unknown 869117-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola rhodopeia%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 334%1910%%%%%%%unknown 869118-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola rhodopensis%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%1898, 21.%%%%%%%%unknown 869119-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kitag.%%Kitag.%Viola rhodosepala%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%48: 611%1934%%%%%%%unknown 869120-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leybold%%Leybold%Viola rhombifolia%Anales Univ. Chile%(1859) 680.%%%%%%%%unknown 1205506-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Skottsb.%%Skottsb.%Viola richei%%%%%%%%%%unknown 869121-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.O.Wolf%%F.O.Wolf%Viola riddensis%in Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais,%xxvi. 260.%%%%%%%%unknown 869122-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola riloensis%in Stoyanoff & Stefanoff, Fl. Bulg. ed. 2%1287 (1925); et in Bull. Inst.Jard. Bot. Univ. Belgrad. i. 35 (1928), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 869123-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hartm.f.%%Hartm.f.%Viola riparia%Handb. Skand. Fl.%128. 1820; ex Nym. Syll. Suppl. 41%%%%%%%%unknown 869124-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.F.Gmel.%%J.F.Gmel.%Viola riphaea%Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis].%2(1): 413%1791%%%%%%%unknown 869125-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola ritschliana%Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges.%viii. 270.%%%%%%%%unknown 869126-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rchb.%%Rchb.%Viola riviniana%Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit.%1: 81%1823%%%%%%%unknown 60458840-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pinkw.%%Pinkw.%Viola riviniana var. leucocentra%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%13: 105%1895%%%%%%Germany (Middle Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 892709-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Murbeck ex Greg.) Valentine%(Murbeck ex Greg.)%Valentine%Viola riviniana var. minor%Watsonia%10(4): 389%1975%%%%%%%unknown 77106136-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Neuman, Wahlst. & Murb.%%Neuman, Wahlst. & Murb.%Viola riviniana var. nemorosa%Violae Suec.%Exs. 1%1886%%%%%%%tax. nov. 892710-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Valentine%%Valentine%Viola riviniana f. prolifera%Watsonia%10(4): 389%1975%%%%%%%unknown 892711-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Valentine%%Valentine%Viola riviniana f. sobolifera%Watsonia%10(4): 389%1975%%%%%%%unknown 291313-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × robinsoniana%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 506%1924%%Viola fimbriatula X triloba%%%%%tax. nov. 869128-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ridl.%%Ridl.%Viola robinsonii%J. Bot.%73: 16%1935%%%%%%%unknown 869129-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hillebr.%%Hillebr.%Viola robusta%Fl. Hawaiian Isl. [Hillebrand]%16%1888%%%%%%%unknown 60429595-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Espeut%%Espeut%Viola roccabrunensis%Monde Pl.%99(482): 18 (2004)%2004%%%%%%France (France, Southwestern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869130-1%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola rockiana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 236%1925%%%%%%%unknown 938331-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.St.John%%H.St.John%Viola rockii%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 190%1989%%%%%%Hawaiian Is.%tax. nov. 266925-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola rodriguezii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%22: 350%1926%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 869132-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Andrz. ex Trautv.%%Andrz. ex Trautv.%Viola rogoviczii%Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada%viii. (1883) 125, nomen (Quid ?).%%%%%%%%unknown 300478-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rossow%%Rossow%Viola roigii%Hickenia%2: 95-97 fig%1993%%%%%%Dpt. Angaco, San Juan (Argentina)%tax. nov. 869133-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.O.Wolf%%F.O.Wolf%Viola rolandi-bonaparte%Rev. Bot. Syst. Geogr. Bot.%2: 34%1904%%%%%%%unknown 869134-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola ronnigeri%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 352%1910%%%%%%%unknown 266926-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola rosacea%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%37: 525%1910%%%%%%Mississippi, Louisiana, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869136-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hemsl. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.%%Hemsl. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.%Viola rossii%J. Linn. Soc., Bot.%23: 54%1886%%%%%%%unknown 869137-1%1.1.2.2.4.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chiov.%%Chiov.%Viola × rossii%Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital.%(1893) 207.%%%%%%%%unknown 892712-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%T.Hashim. & Serizawa%%T.Hashim. & Serizawa%Viola rossii f. longifolia%J. Jap. Bot.%46(2): 37%1971%%%%%%%unknown 77124764-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola rossowiana%Rock Gard. Quart.%71(1): 59%2013%%Named in honor of Argentinian botanist Ricardo Armando Rossow.%%%%Neuquén (Argentina South, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869138-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.Pritz. ex Diels%%E.Pritz. ex Diels%Viola rosthornii%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%29(3-4): 477%1900%%%%%%%unknown 266927-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh%%Pursh%Viola rostrata%%%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869139-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl.%%Muhl.%Viola rostrata%Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.%26%1813%%%%%%%unknown 892713-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola rostrata f. alpina%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 339%1976%%%%%%%unknown 266928-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola rostrata var. elongata%Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci.%19: 249%1917%%%%%%Near Utica, Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77252526-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker & H.Boissieu) Ohwi%(W.Becker & H.Boissieu)%Ohwi%Viola rostrata var. japonica%Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo%33: 80%1953%%%%%%%comb. nov. 266929-2%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Fernald%%Fernald%Viola rostrata f. phelpsiae%Rhodora%17: 180%1915%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266930-2%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Fernald) Farw.%(Fernald)%Farw.%Viola rostrata var. phelpsiae%Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci.%19: 260%1917%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266931-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Grover%%Grover%Viola rostrata f. trirostrata%Ohio J. Sci.%39: 147%1939%%%%%%Ohio (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869140-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poepp. & Endl.%%Poepp. & Endl.%Viola rosulata%Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. (Poeppig & Endlicher)%ii. 49. t. 166.%%%%%%%%unknown 869141-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Fourn.%%P.Fourn.%Viola rosulata%Monde Pl.%1933, xxxiv. 36.%%%%%%%%unknown 60457192-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Thuill.%%Thuill.%Viola rothomagensis%Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2.%454%1799%%%%%%France (Southwestern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869142-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Desf.%%Desf.%Viola rothomagensis%Tabl. École Bot.%153%1804%%%%%%%unknown 30045402-2%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Michx.%%Michx.%Viola rotundifolia%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michaux)%2: 150%1803%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869143-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola rotundifolia%London J. Bot.%vi. (1847) 73%%%%%%%%unknown 869145-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola rotundifolia%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%246%%%%%%%%unknown 266932-2%1.5.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Banks ex Ging.%%Banks ex Ging.%Viola rotundifolia var. pallens%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 295%1824%%%%%%Labrador, Canada%tax. nov. 869146-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.O.Wolf%%F.O.Wolf%Viola rouyana%Rev. Bot. Syst. Geogr. Bot.%2: 34%1904%%%%%%%unknown 869147-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Voigt%%Voigt%Viola roxburghiana%Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.%76%1845%%%%%%%unknown 869148-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Błocki%%Błocki%Viola × roxolanica%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%v. (1887) 147; et in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. xxxviii.(1888) 15.%%%%%%%%unknown 869150-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola royleana%Numer. List [Wallich]%n. 1448%1829%%%%%%%unknown 869151-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook. & Arn.%%Hook. & Arn.%Viola rubella%Bot. Misc.%3: 144%1833%%%%%%%unknown 869152-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cav.%%Cav.%Viola rubella%Icon. [Cavanilles]%vi. 20. t. 351. f. 1.%%%%%%%%unknown 266934-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola rubella var. angustifolia%Linnaea%1(3): 410%1826%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266935-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola rubella var. latifolia%Linnaea%1(3): 410%1826%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869153-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Aubl. ex Steud.%%Aubl. ex Steud.%Viola rubra%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 773%%%%%%%%unknown 77193058-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola rubromarginata%Int. Rock Gard.%106: 14%2018%%%%%%Neuquén (Argentina South, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 77089253-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola rudolfii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 385 (-387; fig. 1)%2007%%%%%%Mongolia (Mongolia, Asia-Temperate);South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate);Primorye (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 266936-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sparre%%Sparre%Viola rudolphii%Lilloa%17: 410, fig. 9; tab. 15%1949%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266937-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil. ex W.Becker%%Phil. ex W.Becker%Viola rugosa%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 182%1922%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 266938-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Small%%Small%Viola rugosa%Man. S.E. Fl. [Small]%891%1933%%%%%%Florida. Without Latin diagnosis%tax. nov. 266939-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola rugulosa%Pittonia%5(26): 26%1902%%some copies of vol. 5 have the epithet as rugulosa (leaves described as rugose), while some other copies have it as negulosa (leaves as negose); both negulosa and negose are likely typographical errors%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1019468-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × rupestriformis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 143%2001%%%%%%Central European Russia.%tax. nov. 1019469-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola rupestriformis nothosubsp. kovenensis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 143%2001%%%%%%Central European Russia.%tax. nov. 869158-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schmidt%%F.W.Schmidt%Viola rupestris%Neue Abh. Boehm. Ges.%i. (1791) 60%%%%%%%%unknown 919635-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(DC.) Tzvelev%(DC.)%Tzvelev%Viola rupestris subsp. arenaria%Arktichesk. Fl. SSSR%8: 33%1980%%%Violaceae Viola arenaria DC.%%%%comb. nov. 892714-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%P.Monts.%%P.Monts.%Viola rupestris var. bolosii%Bull. Soc. Échange Pl. Vasc. Eur. Occid. Bassin Médit.%15: 79%1974%%%%%%%unknown 1010068-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Murb.) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Murb.)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola rupestris subsp. glaberrima%Fl. Vostochnoĭ Evropy%9: 190 (1996):%1996%%%Violaceae Viola rupestris F.W.Schmidt var. glaberrima%%%%comb. nov. 77250543-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Murb.%%Murb.%Viola rupestris var. glaberrima%Bot. Not.%1887: 186%1887%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77141699-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Popov%%Popov%Viola rupestris var. glabra%Konspekt Fl. Pober. Baikal%213%1966%%%%%%%tax. nov. 1010067-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%(Neuman) Vl.V.Nikitin%(Neuman)%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola rupestris nothosubsp. glabrescens%Fl. Vostochnoĭ Evropy%9: 190 (1996):%1996%%%Violaceae Viola arenaria DC. var. glabrescens%%%%comb. nov. 922868-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) S.P.Banerjee & Pramanik%(W.Becker)%S.P.Banerjee & Pramanik%Viola rupestris var. himalayensis%Fasc. Fl. India%12: 33 (1983):%1983%%%Violaceae Viola himalayensis W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 1005615-1%1.5.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Molero, L.Sáez & L.Villar%%Molero, L.Sáez & L.Villar%Viola rupestris subsp. orioli-bolosii%Acta Bot. Barcinon.%45: 376 (1998)%1998%%%%%%Spain.%tax. nov. 77250220-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Jalas%%Jalas%Viola rupestris subsp. relicta%Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool.-Bot. Fenn. Vanamo%24: 70%1950%%%%%%%tax. nov. 987799-1%1.2.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(H.Boissieu) Vorosch.%(H.Boissieu)%Vorosch.%Viola rupestris subsp. sacchalinensis%Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR [A.K.Skvortsov]%182 (1985):%1985%%%Violaceae Viola sacchalinensis H.Boissieu%%%%comb. nov. 869159-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Elmer%%Elmer%Viola rupicola%Leafl. Philipp. Bot.%i. 324 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 869160-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rchb.%%Rchb.%Viola ruppii%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%707%%%%%%%%unknown 869161-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%All.%%All.%Viola ruppii%Fl. Pedem.%ii. 99.%1785%%%%%%%unknown 869162-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.Presl & C.Presl%%J.Presl & C.Presl%Viola ruppii%Fl. Cech.%53%%%%%%%%unknown 869163-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hegetschw.%%Hegetschw.%Viola ruppii%Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler]%243%%%%%%%%unknown 869164-1%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × ruprechtiana%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%xli (1891) 20%%%%%%%%unknown 869165-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord. ex Boreau%%Jord. ex Boreau%Viola ruralis%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 81%1857%%%%%%%unknown 266940-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%B.Boivin%%B.Boivin%Viola russellii%Canad. Field-Naturalist%65: 22, tab%1951%%%%%%Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia & Montana%tax. nov. 266941-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola rydbergii%Pittonia%5(26): 27%1902%%%%%%Montana, Wyoming and Colorado, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 291314-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × ryoniae%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 505%1924%%Viola cucullata X palmata%%%%%tax. nov. 869169-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola sabuletorum%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 15, in obs., hybr.%1896%%%%%%%unknown 869170-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boreau%%Boreau%Viola sabulosa%Not.%3; Dum. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vii. (1868) 353%%%%%%%%unknown 266942-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Melch.%%Melch.%Viola saccata%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%28: 96%1930%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869172-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola sacchalinensis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%57: 188%1910%%%%%%%unknown 950247-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola sacchalinensis f. albialpina%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 892715-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%Viola sacchalinensis var. alpicola%Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Or.%6: 291%1977%%%%%%%unknown 950246-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola sacchalinensis f. chionantha%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 266943-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Skottsb.%%Skottsb.%Viola sacculus%Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl.%n.f, 56(5): 266, t. 20, f. 5, & 23, f. 2%1916%%%%%%Patagonia%tax. nov. 869174-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola sacraricola%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 561%1928%%%%%%%unknown 869176-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Aiton%%Aiton%Viola sagittata%Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton]%3: 287%1789%%%%%%%unknown 287794-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola sagittata f. albescens%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%12: 127%1930%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266944-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Creutz%%Creutz%Viola sagittata f. carlii%Wild Fl.%35: 9, fig. 2%1959%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266945-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola sagittata var. emarginata%Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall].%1: 147%1818%%%%%%New Jersey & Pennsylvania, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266946-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pennell%%Pennell%Viola sagittata var. glabra%Bartonia%no. 12: 19%1931%%%%%%Massachusetts to S. Carolina, Illinois and Louisiana, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266947-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola sagittata var. hicksii%Bot. Gaz.%20: 326%1895%%%%%%Washington, D. C, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 266948-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray%(Nutt.)%Torr. & A.Gray%Viola sagittata var. ovata%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 138%1838%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266949-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola sagittata var. secedens%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%12: 68%1930%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266950-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola sagittata var. subsagittata%Bot. Gaz.%26: 340%1898%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266951-2%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Fernald) Scoggan%(Fernald)%Scoggan%Viola sagittata f. umbelliflora%Fl. Canada%pt. 1, 52%1978%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869175-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Salisb.%%Salisb.%Viola sagittifolia%Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton%130%1796%%%%%%%unknown 869177-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola sagotii%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 34%%%%%%%%unknown 869178-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Turcz.%%Turcz.%Viola salina%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%15(2): 299%1842%%%%%%%unknown 869179-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Thell. ex W.Becker%%W.Becker & Thell. ex W.Becker%Viola salvatoriana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 72, hybr.%1924%%%%%%%unknown 77067633-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Degen) Raus%(Degen)%Raus%Viola samothracica%Willdenowia%35(1): 61%2005%%%Violaceae Viola olympica Boiss. var. samothracica Degen%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 869180-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%auct. ex Griesinger%%auct. ex Griesinger%Viola samothraki%Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges.%1937, lv. 560, nomen.%%%%%%%%unknown 77234188-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola sandaiojiaoensis%New Taxa New Names%4: 50%2022%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 266952-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola sandbergii%Pittonia%5(27): 119%1903%%%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869182-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Melch.%%Melch.%Viola sandrasea%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%46: 39%1939%%%%%%%unknown 892717-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Contandr. & Quézel%%Contandr. & Quézel%Viola sandrasea subsp. cilicica%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%123(7-8): 421%1976%%%%%%%unknown 869183-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lév.%%H.Lév.%Viola sandwicensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%11: 63%1912%%%%%%%unknown 869184-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola × sanensis%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 462%1914%%%%%%%unknown 266953-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola santiagonensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 353%1925%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869186-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch. ex H.Boissieu%%Franch. ex H.Boissieu%Viola sapporensis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%47: 321%1901%%%%%%%unknown 869187-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola sardagnae%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 347%1910%%%%%%%unknown 294756-2%1.3.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Douglas%%Douglas%Viola sarmentosa%Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Hooker)%1(2): 80%1830%%%%%%Canada%tax. nov. 869189-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb.%%M.Bieb.%Viola sarmentosa%Fl. Taur.-Caucas.%1: 172%1808%%%%%%%unknown 869190-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Burgersd.%%Burgersd.%Viola sarmentosa%Pl. Jungh. [Miquel]%2: 120%1852%%%%%%%unknown 266954-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola sarmentosa var. orbiculata%Syn. Fl. N. Amer.%1(1.1): 199%1895%%%%%%United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869192-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Fourn.%%P.Fourn.%Viola sarotina%Monde Pl.%1933, xxxiv. 36.%%%%%%%%unknown 869193-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola savatieri%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 125%1902%%%%%%%unknown 892718-1%1.3.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Kitag.) Kitag.%(Kitag.)%Kitag.%Viola savatieri f. detonsa%Neolin. Fl. Manshur.%459%1979%%%%%%%unknown 1000429-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%Viola savatieri f. variegata%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1507%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 77102781-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Lév.%%H.Lév.%Viola × savourei%Monde Pl. Rev. Mens. Bot.%8(109): 44%1898%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 869194-1%1.1.2.2.1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.%%Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.%Viola saxatilis%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 380%1819%%%%%%%unknown 869195-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.W.Schmidt%%F.W.Schmidt%Viola saxatilis%Fl. Boëm. Cent. 3.%60%1794%%%%%%%unknown 955630-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(E.Forst.) Kirschner & Skalický%(E.Forst.)%Kirschner & Skalický%Viola saxatilis subsp. curtisii%Preslia%61(4): 317 (1989):%1989%%%Violaceae Viola curtisii E.Forst.%%%%comb. nov. 955631-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(A.Kern.) Kirschner & Skalický%(A.Kern.)%Kirschner & Skalický%Viola saxatilis subsp. polychroma%Preslia%61(4): 317 (1989):%1989%%%Violaceae Viola polychroma A.Kern.%%%%comb. nov. 77154211-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Hayek%%Hayek%Viola saxatilis var. pseudolutea%Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr.%99: 134%1924%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869196-1%1.4.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schult.%%Schult.%Viola saxicola%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 380%1819%%J.A. Schultes is the author of vols. 5 and 6 (excluding a few treatments)%%%%%tax. nov. 869197-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maire%%Maire%Viola saxifraga%Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc%No. 15, 11 (1926)%%%%%%%%unknown 869199-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola saxigena%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%84%1866%%%%%%%unknown 869200-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Braun%%Braun%Viola scabra%Flora%3(2): 469%1820%%%%%%%unknown 869201-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola scabrida%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%28: 312%1914%%%%%%%unknown 266955-2%1.5.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Torr. & A.Gray) Shafer%(Torr. & A.Gray)%Shafer%Viola scabriuscula%Ann. Carnegie Mus.%1(1): 27%1901%%%Violaceae Viola pubescens Aiton var. scabriuscula Torr. & A.Gray%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 60459733-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schwein. ex Torr. & A.Gray%%Schwein. ex Torr. & A.Gray%Viola scabriuscula%Fl. N. Amer. (Torr. & A. Gray)%1(1): 142%1838%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. pubescens var. scabriuscula Torr. & A.Gray%%%%%%tax. nov. 30092924-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola scandens%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%The name and its description are ascribed to Humboldt & Bonpland, and to Willdenow (as 'Reliqu. Willd. MS'), respectively.%%%%%tax. nov. 869203-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola scandens%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869204-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Berl. ex DC.%%Berl. ex DC.%Viola scandens%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 289%1824%%%%%%%unknown 266956-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%L.B.Sm. & A.Fernández%%L.B.Sm. & A.Fernández%Viola scandens var. hirtella%Caldasia%6: 159%1954%%%%%%Huila, Putumayo, Colombia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 266957-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Benoist%%Benoist%Viola scandens var. integristipula%Publ. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.%3: 78%1933%%%%%%Ecuador (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869205-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr.%%Fr.%Viola scanica%Summa Veg. Scand.%35, 153%%%%%%%%unknown 869206-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nyman%%Nyman%Viola scardica%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 81%1878%%%%%%%unknown 869207-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wallr.%%Wallr.%Viola scaturiginosa%Sched. Crit.%97%1822%%%%%%%unknown 869208-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Khalkuziev%%Khalkuziev%Viola schachimardanica%Bot. Mater. Gerb. Inst. Bot. Akad. Nauk Uzbeksk. S.S.R.%19: 58%1974%%%%%%%unknown 266958-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola schaffneriana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 2%1924%%%%%%Mexico, Guatemala%tax. nov. 869210-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola × schalmausenii%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 18%1896%%%%%%%tax. nov. 907268-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola schariensis%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 622 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Jugoslavia.%tax. nov. 869212-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola × scharlockii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%14: 9%1914%%Eponymy: Planta haec hybrida in horto Scharlockii (Graudenz) annis 1875—77 orta est%%%%%tax. nov. 77089254-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × schauloi%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%92(3): 387 (-389; fig. 3, map)%2007%%%%%%Tuva (Siberia, Asia-Temperate);Sakhalin (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate);Irkutsk (Siberia, Asia-Temperate);Mongolia (Mongolia, Asia-Temperate);Primorye (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate);Krasnoyarsk (Siberia, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 869211-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola schensiensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 421%1917%%%%%%%unknown 869213-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bogenh.%%Bogenh.%Viola schleidettiana%Taschenb. Fl. Jena%162%1850%%%%%%%unknown 869214-1%1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schult.%%Schult.%Viola schmidtiana%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 363%1819%%J.A. Schultes is the author of vols. 5 and 6 (excluding a few treatments)%%%%%tax. nov. 869215-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola schneideri%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 315%1921%%%%%%%unknown 869216-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr & Poll%%Murr & Poll%Viola schoenachii%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiii. 90 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 60450472-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Billot%%Billot%Viola schultzii%Fl. Gall. Germ. exs. (Bitche)%Cent. 1: 4%1836%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869217-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Billot ex F.W.Schultz%%Billot ex F.W.Schultz%Viola schultzii%Flora%23(1): 121%1840%%%%%%%unknown 869218-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola schulzeana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 261%1916%%%%%%%unknown 869219-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Joo ex Janka%%Joo ex Janka%Viola sciaphila%Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl.%7: 198%1857%%%%%%%unknown 869220-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.D.J.Koch%%W.D.J.Koch%Viola sciaphila%Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2.%90%1843%%%%%%%unknown 266959-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola scopulorum%Pittonia%5(26): 27%1902%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869222-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Coss.%%Coss.%Viola scorpiuroides%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%19: 80%1873%%%%%%%unknown 869223-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola scotophylla%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%vii. (1849) 9%%%%%%%%unknown 869224-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Douglas ex Steud.%%Douglas ex Steud.%Viola scouleri%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 773%%%%%%%%unknown 869225-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%DC. ex Ging.%%DC. ex Ging.%Viola scrotiformis%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 299%1824%%%%%%%unknown 266960-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola secedens%Pittonia%5(27): 121%1903%%%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266961-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola securigera%Pittonia%5(26): 29%1902%%%%%%Texas (South-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869228-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%F.O.Wolf%%F.O.Wolf%Viola sedunensis%in Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais,%xxvi. 261.%%%%%%%%unknown 869229-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola segetalis%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%ii. (1846) 12; Schur, Enum. Pl. Transs. 85%%%%%%%%unknown 869230-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gáyer & Degen%%Gáyer & Degen%Viola × segniensis%Fl. Veleb.%ii. 440 (1937).%%%%%%%%unknown 869231-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pau.%%Pau.%Viola segobricensis%Not. Bot. Fl. Españ.%ii. (1889) 9.%%%%%%%%unknown 266962-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola seleriana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 6%1924%%%%%%Guatemala (Central America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 325433-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh ex Goldie%%Pursh ex Goldie%Viola selkirkii%Edinburgh Philos. J.%36: 35%1822%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869233-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pursh ex Goldie%%Pursh ex Goldie%Viola selkirkii%Edinburgh Philos. J.%6: 324%1822%%%%%%Eastern Canada (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869234-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola semilunaris%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 231%1916%%%%%%%unknown 77319997-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Honda%%Honda%Viola semilunaris var. divaricata%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%46(551): 677%1932%%doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.46.675%%%%Honshu (Japan, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869235-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%hort. ex Steud.%%hort. ex Steud.%Viola semperflorens%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%887%1821%%%%%%%unknown 294755-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola sempervirens%Pittonia%4(20): 8%1899%%nom. nov. for V. sarmentosa Douglas non Bieberstein%%%%%tax. nov. 266963-2%1.3.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(A.Gray) M.S.Baker%(A.Gray)%M.S.Baker%Viola sempervirens subsp. orbiculata%Madroño%3: 55%1935%%%Violaceae Viola sarmentosa Douglas var. orbiculata A.Gray%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266964-2%1.3.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(A.Gray) J.K.Henry%(A.Gray)%J.K.Henry%Viola sempervirens var. orbiculata%Fl. S. Brit. Columbia%208%1915%%%Violaceae Viola sarmentosa Douglas var. orbiculata A.Gray%%%%comb. nov. 266965-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola sempervirens subsp. orbiculoides%Madroño%5: 224%1940%%%%%%Washington & British Columbia%tax. nov. 266966-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola sempervirens subsp. typica%Madroño%3: 55%1935%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869237-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gay%%Gay%Viola sempervivum%Fl. Chil. [Gay]%1: 226%1846%%%%%%%unknown 77221814-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × semseyana%Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl.%ed. 3, 1: 211%1892%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869238-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola senamiensis%J. Jap. Bot.%1939, xv. 405.%%%%%%%%unknown 266967-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola senecionis%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 94%1910%%%%%%Maryland (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266968-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Nelson%%A.Nelson%Viola senecta%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%17: 92%1904%%%%%%Nevada (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869241-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pau%%Pau%Viola sennenii%Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat.%vi. 24 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 869242-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola senzanensis%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%6: 3%1916%%%%%%%unknown 869243-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola seoulensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%32: 218%1918%%%%%%%unknown 869244-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola sepincola%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%vii. (1849) 8.%%%%%%%%unknown 314443-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Leconte%%Leconte%Viola septemloba%Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York%2: 141%1828%%[Gandhi 5 Jan 1998; LT. data]%%%%%tax. nov. 970135-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Brainerd) L.E.McKinney%(Brainerd)%L.E.McKinney%Viola septemloba subsp. egglestonii%Sida, Bot. Misc.%7: 33 (1992):%1992%%%Violaceae Viola egglestonii Brainerd%%%%comb. nov. 869246-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Siehe ex Bornm.%%Siehe ex Bornm.%Viola septempunctata%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih.%89: 90, in obs., pro syn.%1936%%%%%%%unknown 266969-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola septentrionalis%Pittonia%3(19): 334%1898%%%%%%Ottawa, Ontario (Eastern Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 266970-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Vict. & J.Rousseau%%Vict. & J.Rousseau%Viola septentrionalis f. alba%Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal%36: 20%1940%%%%%%Quebec (Canada)%tax. nov. 266971-2%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Fernald%%Fernald%Viola septentrionalis var. grisea%Rhodora%37: 301, tab. 375%1935%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77136302-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Capelo, R.Jardim, J.C.Costa, Lousã & Rivas Mart.%%Capelo, R.Jardim, J.C.Costa, Lousã & Rivas Mart.%Viola sequeirae%Silva Lusitana%21(2): 236%2014%%%%%%Portugal (Southwestern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869248-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kellogg%%Kellogg%Viola sequoiensis%Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.%2: 185%1863%%%%%%%unknown 869249-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola serbica%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%32: 179%1894%%%%%%%unknown 1019256-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Tzvelev%%Tzvelev%Viola sergievskiae%Opred. Sosud. Rast. Severo-Zap. Rossii%679 (2000), nom. nov.:%2000%%%%%%%nom. nov. 869250-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola sermenika%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%1897, 75.%%%%%%%%unknown 60454695-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall. ex Ging.%%Wall. ex Ging.%Viola serpens%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 296%1824%%%%%%Nepal (Indian Subcontinent, Asia-Tropical)%tax. nov. 869252-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poll%%Poll%Viola × serpens%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%12(12): 190 (-191)%1906%nom. illeg. later homonym non Wall. ex Ging. (1824)%%%%%%tax. nov. 869253-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola serpens%Fl. Ind. (Carey & Wallich ed.)%2: 449%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77185711-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%de Salas%%de Salas%Viola serpentinicola%Muelleria%36: 113%2018%%%%%%Tasmania (Australia, Australasia)%tax. nov. 869254-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola serpyllifolia%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%The name and its description are ascribed to Humboldt & Bonpland, and to Willdenow (as 'Reliqu. Willd. MS'), respectively.%%%%%tax. nov. 1015320-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola serresiana%Bot. Chron. (Patras)%13: 51%2000%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 869255-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola serrula%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 247%1928%%%%%%%unknown 869256-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola setosa%Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.)%xxxvii. n. 60.%%%%%%%%unknown 907269-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola sfikasiana%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 495 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 77203647-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola shaoyoukengensis%New Taxa New Names%2: 65%2022%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869257-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Torr.%%Torr.%Viola sheltonii%Pacif. Railr. Rep.%iv. 67. t. 2.%%%%%%%%unknown 266972-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%A.Nelson%%A.Nelson%Viola sheltonii var. biternata%Bot. Gaz.%56: 66%1913%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869258-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola shikokiana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 132%1902%%%%%%%unknown 869259-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Yamam.%%Yamam.%Viola shinchikuensis%J. Soc. Trop. Agric.%1933, v. 352.%%%%%%%%unknown 77297809-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Xiao C.Li & Zheng W.Wang%%Xiao C.Li & Zheng W.Wang%Viola shiweii%PhytoKeys%196: 67, figs. 2-3%2022%%doi:10.3897/phytokeys.196.83176 Etymology: the specific epithet was proposed in memory of Deng Shi-wei (191?-1936), who dedicated his life to the exploration of the flora of Guizhou.%%%%Guizhou (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869260-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola sicula%Enum. Pl. Transsilv.%86%1866%%%%%%%unknown 869261-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola sieberi%Companion Bot. Mag.%1: 274%1836%%%%%%%unknown 869262-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Spreng.%%Spreng.%Viola sieberiana%Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel]%4(2, Cur. Post.): 96%1827%%%%%%%unknown 869263-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola sieboldii%Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg%xxiii. (1877) 320.%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 950248-1%1.2.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola sieboldii f. albiflora%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 892719-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola sieboldii f. albovariegata%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 342%1976%%%%%%%unknown 950249-1%1.2.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola sieboldii f. leucantha%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 77075223-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Konta & Katsuy.%%Konta & Katsuy.%Viola sieboldii var. litoralis%Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B%31(4): 142 (146, 152; fig. 10, 15)%2005%%%%%%Honshu (Japan, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 1000430-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%F.Maek. & T.Hashim. ex T.Shimizu%%F.Maek. & T.Hashim. ex T.Shimizu%Viola sieboldii f. variegata%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1507, homonym%1997%%%Violaceae Viola pumilio W.Becker f. variegata%%%%comb. nov. 3000430-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%F.Maek. & T.Hashim. ex T.Shimizu%%F.Maek. & T.Hashim. ex T.Shimizu%Viola sieboldii f. variegata%see E. Hama in J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 342 (1976):%1997%%%Violaceae Viola pumilio W.Becker f. variegata%%%%comb. nov. 892720-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola sieboldii f. variegata%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 342%1976%%%%%%%unknown 869264-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola sieheana%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. ii. 751.%%%%%%%%unknown 869265-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola sikkimensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 260%1916%%%%%%%unknown 869266-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Merino%%Merino%Viola silana%Fl. Galicia%iii. 521 (1909).%%%%%%%%unknown 77079786-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.R.Thiele & Prober%%K.R.Thiele & Prober%Viola silicestris%Telopea%11(2): 99 (-104; figs. 1-3)%2006%%%%%%New South Wales (New South Wales, Australia, Australasia);Queensland (Queensland, Australia, Australasia);%tax. nov. 869267-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr. ex Hartm.%%Fr. ex Hartm.%Viola silvatica%Bot. Not.%1841(5): 81%1841%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869268-1%1.5.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola silvestriformis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 242%1916%%%%%%%unknown 266974-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola simulata%Madroño%3: 237, pl. 11, figs. 1, 2%1936%%%%%%British Columbia (Western Canada, Northern America)%tax. nov. 77103613-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola singularis%Phytotaxa%2: 20 (19-22; fig. 1)%2009%%%%%%Mendoza (Argentina Northwest, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869270-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola sintenisii%Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins%xxiv. 1 (1909).%%%%%%%%unknown 77200907-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola sirinica%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 220, fig. 21%2018%%Etymology: Areale: ... Monte Sirino ...%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869271-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dörfl. & Hayek%%Dörfl. & Hayek%Viola skanderbegii%Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr.%xciv 155 (1918)%%%%%%%%unknown 869272-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola skofitziana%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%36: 190; et in Natur und Offenb. 37: 500 (1891)%1886%%%%%%%unknown 266975-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola skottsbergiana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 352%1925%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869274-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola slavikii%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%38: 220%1900%%%%%%%unknown 291128-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × slavinii%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 502%1924%%Viola latiuscula X triloba%%%%%tax. nov. 869276-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Prahl.%%Prahl.%Viola × slesvicensis%Krit. Fl. Prov. Schlesw.-Holst.%ii. (1898) 23%%%%%%%%unknown 869277-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola smithiana%Acta Horti Gothob.%2: 287%1926%%%%%%%unknown 869278-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola × sokalensis%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 460%1914%%%%%%%unknown 869279-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Engl.%%Engl.%Viola somalensis%Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin%1891: 308%1892%%%%%%%unknown 869280-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Koch%%K.Koch%Viola somchetica%Linnaea%15(3): 251%1841%%%%%%%unknown 869281-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fisch. ex Ledeb.%%Fisch. ex Ledeb.%Viola soongorica%Fl. Ross. (Ledeb.)%1(2): 257%1842%%%%%%%unknown 869282-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%Viola sordida%Fl. Tirol%6(2): 829%1909%%%%%%%unknown 266976-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd.%%Willd.%Viola sororia%Hort. Berol. [Willdenow]%1(6): t. 72%1806%%[Gandhi 5 Jan 1998; LT. data]%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1035779-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Leconte) R.J.Little%(Leconte)%R.J.Little%Viola sororia subsp. affinis%Phytologia%80(4): 295%1996%%[Gandhi 7 Mar 2002] R. J. Little (Phytologia 72: 78. 1992) published this comb. nov. invalidly (cited V. sororia var. affinis (Le Conte) L. E. McKinney as the basionym%%%%%unknown 967513-1%1.1.2.2.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Leconte) R.J.Little%(Leconte)%R.J.Little%Viola sororia subsp. affinis%Phytologia%72(2): 78, without basionym ref.%1992%%%Basionym Not stated%%%%comb. nov. 970136-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Leconte) L.E.McKinney%(Leconte)%L.E.McKinney%Viola sororia var. affinis%Sida, Bot. Misc.%7: 39 (1992):%1992%%%Violaceae Viola affinis Leconte%%%%comb. nov. 266977-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%House%%House%Viola sororia f. beckwithae%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%243-244: 40%1923%%%%%%New York (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 60454698-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Fernald) L.E.McKinney%(Fernald)%L.E.McKinney%Viola sororia var. grisea%J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas%4(1): 226%2010%%%Violaceae Viola septentrionalis Greene var. grisea Fernald%%%%comb. nov. 266978-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%J.B.Lacey%%J.B.Lacey%Viola sororia var. incognita%Sida%3: 312%1969%%%%%%Nacogdoches, Raguet Street, Nacogdoches County (Texas, South-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 970137-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) L.E.McKinney%(Greene)%L.E.McKinney%Viola sororia var. missouriensis%Sida, Bot. Misc.%7: 42 (1992):%1992%%%Violaceae Viola missouriensis Greene%%%%comb. nov. 1064034-2%1.4.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Greene) L.E.McKinney%(Greene)%L.E.McKinney%Viola sororia var. novae-angliae%Sida, Bot. Misc.%7: 44%1992%%false%Violaceae Viola novae-angliae House%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 266979-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%F.Seym.%%F.Seym.%Viola sororia f. pallida%Fl. New England%ed. 2. 395, 602%1982%%[Gandhi 8 Jan 1998; in author]%%%%Wellesley, Massachusetts (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266980-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%F.Seym.%%F.Seym.%Viola sororia f. pallida%Fl. Vermont, ed. 4%382%1969%%[Gandhi 8 Jan 1998; in author]%%%%Mass., Vt, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 917479-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%F.Seym.%%F.Seym.%Viola sororia f. pallida%Phytologia Mem.%5: 395, 602 (1982)%1982%%%%%%U.S.A. (Massachusetts;New Hampshire;Vermont;Rhode Island;Connecticut).;%tax. nov. 923981-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Pollard) Cooperr.%(Pollard)%Cooperr.%Viola sororia f. priceana%Michigan Bot.%23(4): 167 (1984):%1984%%%Violaceae Viola priceana Pollard%%%%comb. nov. 869284-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kopell.%%Kopell.%Viola sosnowskyi%Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast.%10: 45%1941%%%%%%%unknown 869285-1%1.1.2.2.1.2.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd.%%Willd.%Viola spathulata%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 353%1819%%The name and its description are ascribed to Willdenow and to 'Reliqu. Willd. MS', respectively.%%%%%tax. nov. 951388-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Khat.%%Khat.%Viola spathulata var. delirensis%Iran. J. Bot.%4(2): 177 (1989)%1989%%%%%%Iran.%tax. nov. 951389-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ghahrem. ex Khat.%%Ghahrem. ex Khat.%Viola spathulata var. latifolia%Iran. J. Bot.%4(2): 177 (1989)%1989%%%%%%Iran.%tax. nov. 869286-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schrad. ex Rchb.%%Schrad. ex Rchb.%Viola speciosa%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%708%%%%%%%%unknown 869287-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pant.%%Pant.%Viola speciosa%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%23: 79%1873%%%%%%%unknown 869288-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola spectabilis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%35: 419%1885%%%%%%%unknown 266981-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola spegazzinii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 351%1925%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 266982-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola spegazzinii f. villosa%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 352%1925%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 869290-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola sphaerocarpa%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%36(2): 54%1918%%%%%%%unknown 869291-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola splendida%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. ii. 750.%%%%%%%%unknown 869292-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steud.%%Steud.%Viola sprengeliana%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel]%887%1821%%%%%%%unknown 869293-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Čelak.%%Čelak.%Viola × spuria%Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Bohmen%iii. (1875) 478.%%%%%%%%unknown 266983-2%1.3.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola squamulosa%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 138%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 869295-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kit. ex Schult.%%Kit. ex Schult.%Viola stagnina%Oestr. Fl., ed. 2%1: 426 (-427)%1814%%%%%%Croatia%tax. nov. 77105463-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker & Kloos) Hof%(W.Becker & Kloos)%Hof%Viola stagnina var. lacteoides%Evol. Viola stagnina%72%2010%%%Violaceae Viola persicifolia Schreb. var. lacteoides W.Becker & Kloos%%%%comb. nov. 294754-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola steinbachii%Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem%9: 1040%1926%%nom. nov. for V. boliviana W. Beck non Britton%%%%%tax. nov. 869297-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Miers%%Miers%Viola stellata%Trav.%ii. 531%%%%%%%%unknown 266984-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola stenantha%Pl. Baker. [Greene]%3: 10%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869299-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata ex Nakai%%Hayata ex Nakai%Viola stenocentra%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 38%1922%%%%%%%unknown 869300-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Besser ex Fauc.%%Besser ex Fauc.%Viola steveni%Excurs. Bot. Valais%96%%%%%%%%unknown 869301-1%1.4.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola stewardiana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 237%1925%%%%%%%unknown 60455737-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr. ex Hartm.%%Fr. ex Hartm.%Viola stipulacea%Handb. Skand. Fl.%110%1820%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266985-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sw.%%Sw.%Viola stipularis%Prodr. [O. P. Swartz]%117%1788%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60455736-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr.%%Fr.%Viola stipularis%Fl. Hall.%47%1817%nom. illeg. later homonym non Sw. (1788), nec non Cav. 1800), nec Pers. (1805)%%%%%%tax. nov. 869303-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cav.%%Cav.%Viola stipularis%Icon. [Cavanilles]%6: 21%1800%nom. illeg. later homonym non Sw. (1788)%%%%%%tax. nov. 869304-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola stocksii%Fl. Orient. [Boissier]%1: 453%1867%%%%%%%unknown 869305-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola stojanowii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%19: 332%1924%%%%%%%unknown 869306-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.J.Rodr.%%J.J.Rodr.%Viola stolonifera%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%25: 238%1879%%%%%%%unknown 934696-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Yokota & S.Higa%%M.Yokota & S.Higa%Viola stoloniflora%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%101(1061): 2%1988%%%%%%Ryukyu Is.%tax. nov. 266986-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola stoneana%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%32: 253, pl. 16%1905%%%%%%Georgia, Florida, Alabama, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869307-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola stoneana%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%32: 253%1905%%%%%%%unknown 869308-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Aiton%%Aiton%Viola striata%Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton]%3: 290%1789%%%%%%%unknown 869309-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hook.%%Hook.%Viola striata%London J. Bot.%vi. (1847) 72%%%%%%%%unknown 266988-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola striata f. albiflora%Amer. Midl. Naturalist%11: 67%1928%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266989-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Alph.Wood ex N.Coleman%%Alph.Wood ex N.Coleman%Viola striata var. lutescens%Cat. Fl. Pl. S. Peninsula Michigan%8%1874%%%%%%Michigan (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869310-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.Boissieu%%H.Boissieu%Viola striatella%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. i. 1077.%%%%%%%%unknown 60454466-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl. ex Pursh%%Muhl. ex Pursh%Viola stricta%Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh)%1: 175%1813%nom. inval. pro syn. of V. concolor T.F.Forst. (1802).%%%%%%tax. nov. 869311-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl.%%Muhl.%Viola stricta%Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc.%3: 178%1793%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 869312-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Vent.) Poir.%(Vent.)%Poir.%Viola stricta%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 648%1808%%%Violaceae Ionidium strictum Vent.%%%%comb. nov. 869313-1%1.3.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hornem.%%Hornem.%Viola stricta%Hort. Bot. Hafn.[Hornemann]%2: 958%1815%nom. illeg. later homonym non (Vent.) Poir. (1808).%%%%%%tax. nov. 869314-1%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(J.Wagner) Merxm. & W.Lippert%(J.Wagner)%Merxm. & W.Lippert%Viola striis-notata%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%13: 507%1977%%%%%%%unknown 869315-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bergmans%%Bergmans%Viola × stuartii%Vaste Pl. Rotsheesters%591 (1924).%%%%%%%%unknown 266990-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hieron.%%Hieron.%Viola stuebelii%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%21(3): 324%1895%%%%%%Colombia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869317-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × suaveolens%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%30: 190%1880%%%%%%%unknown 869318-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola suaveolens%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%xv. II. (1877) 107%%%%%%%%unknown 869319-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%E.P.Perrier & Songeon%%E.P.Perrier & Songeon%Viola suaveolens%in Billot, Annot. Fl. Fr. et Allem.%183%%nom. inval. nom. nud. in syn. sub. Viola thomasiana%%%%%%unknown 869320-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás & Heinr.Braun%%Borbás & Heinr.Braun%Viola × suaviflora%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%40: 26; G. Beck, Fl. Nied.-Oest. 2(1): 516 (1892)%1890%%%%%%%unknown 869321-1%1.1.2.1.1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fisch. ex Ging.%%Fisch. ex Ging.%Viola suavis%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 294%1824%nom. inval. in syn.%%%%%%tax. nov. 869322-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Bieb.%%M.Bieb.%Viola suavis%Fl. Taur.-Caucas.%3: 164%%%%%%%%unknown 892721-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Freyn) Haesler%(Freyn)%Haesler%Viola suavis subsp. adriatica%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%12: 111%1975%%%Violaceae Viola adriatica Freyn%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77115016-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Mereďa & Hodálová%%Mereďa & Hodálová%Viola suavis subsp. austrodalmatica%Syst. Biodivers.%9(3): 228 (fig. 5, map)%2011%%doi:10.1080/14772000.2011.603903%%%%Croatia (Yugoslavia, Southeastern Europe, Europe);Bosnia-Herzegovina (Yugoslavia, Southeastern Europe, Europe);Montenegro (Yugoslavia, Southeastern Europe, Europe);%tax. nov. 892722-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%O.Bolòs & Vigo%%O.Bolòs & Vigo%Viola suavis var. barceloi%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot.%38(1): 80%1974%%%%%%%unknown 967345-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Nyman) Orell & Romo%(Nyman)%Orell & Romo%Viola suavis subsp. barceloi%But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat.%59 Bot., 8: 82 (1991):%1991%%%Violaceae Viola barceloi L.Chodat%%%%comb. nov. 965718-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%nothosubsp.%Orell & Romo%%Orell & Romo%Viola suavis nothosubsp. cardonae%But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat.%59 Bot., 8: 85 (1991)%1991%%%%%%Balearic Is.%tax. nov. 1017086-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola suavis var. catalonica%Monde Pl.%464: 16%1999%%%Violaceae Viola catalonica W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 892723-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) O.Bolòs & Vigo%(W.Becker)%O.Bolòs & Vigo%Viola suavis subsp. catalonica%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot.%38(1): 80%1974%%%%%%%unknown 923982-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Čelak.) Dostál%(Čelak.)%Dostál%Viola suavis subsp. cyanea%Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot.%21: 9 (1984):%1984%%%Violaceae Viola cyanea Čelak.%%%%comb. nov. 77320157-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%A.H.Ganie, T.Islam & Khuroo%%A.H.Ganie, T.Islam & Khuroo%Viola suavis subsp. naqshii%Phytotaxa%598(2): 169%2023%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.598.2.6 Etymology: For Dr A.R.Naqshi, plant taxonomist of Kashmir Himalaya.%%%%Jammu-Kashmir (West Himalaya, Indian Subcontinent, Asia-Tropical)%tax. nov. 892724-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Pau) O.Bolòs & Vigo%(Pau)%O.Bolòs & Vigo%Viola suavis var. segobricensis%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot.%38(1): 80%1974%%%%%%%unknown 77140805-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Jord.) O.Bolòs & Vigo%(Jord.)%O.Bolòs & Vigo%Viola suavis var. sepincola%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., Secc. Bot.%38(1): 80%1974%%%Violaceae Viola sepincola Jord.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 869323-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola suavissima%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%21%1852%%%%%%%unknown 291126-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × subaffinis%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 503%1924%%Viola affinis X nephrophylla%%%%%tax. nov. 1007974-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson%%J.M.Watson%Viola subandina%in A. Hoffmann, M.K. Arroyo, F. Liberona, M. Muñoz & J. Watson, Pl. Altoandinas Fl. Silv. Chile%66 (1998), nom. nov.:%1998%%%%%%%nom. nov. 77319714-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Charit.%%Charit.%Viola subarenosa%Form. Rastitel'n. Pokrova Basseyna Irtysha%41, 44%2022%%%%%%West Siberia (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77200909-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Fiori) Ricceri & Moraldo%(Fiori)%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola subasica%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 222, fig. 23%2018%%%Violaceae Viola calcarata L. f. subasica Fiori%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 1007512-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Maire) Ibn Tattou%(Maire)%Ibn Tattou%Viola subatlantica%Bocconea%8: 189 (1998):%1998%%also published in Acta Bot. Malacitana 26: 293 (2001) with correct basionym and basionym page. Validly published in 1998, see Art. 33.4 ICBN (2000)%Violaceae Viola tricolor L. var. subatlantica%%%%comb. nov. 869325-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola subcarnea%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%17%1852%%%%%%%unknown 869326-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola subcollina%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 450, hybr.%1921%%%%%%%unknown 266991-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola subcordata%Pittonia%3(19): 316%1898%%%%%%Vancouver Island%tax. nov. 869328-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Phil. ex F.Meigen%%Phil. ex F.Meigen%Viola subcrenata%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%17(3-4): 258, nomen.%1893%%%%%%%unknown 70028957-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.H.Huang%%S.H.Huang%Viola subdelavayi%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%25(4): 433 (2003)%2003%%%%%%Yunnan (China South-Central, China, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869329-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.St.-Hil.%%A.St.-Hil.%Viola subdimidiata%Hist. Pl. Remarq. Bresil%276.%%%%%%%%unknown 266992-2%1.3.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola subdimidiata f. parvifolia%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 89%1907%%%%%%Brazil (Southern America)%tax. nov. 869330-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Desf.%%Desf.%Viola suberosa%Fl. Atlant.%2: 313%1799%%%%%%%unknown 77098349-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Ledeb.) Baikov ex A.V.Grebenjuk & Chepinoga%(Ledeb.)%Baikov ex A.V.Grebenjuk & Chepinoga%Viola subglabra%Konspekt Fl. Irkutsk. Obl.%182%2008%%%Violaceae Viola mirabilis L. var. subglabra Ledeb.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 869331-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poll ex W.Becker%%Poll ex W.Becker%Viola subglabrata%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 359%1910%%%%%%%unknown 869332-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola × subhirta%Fl. Nieder-Osterreich%ii. I. (1892) 511%%%%%%%Austria%unknown 266993-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola subjuncta%Pittonia%5(26): 31%1902%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 291125-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × sublanceolata%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%254: 508%1924%%Viola lanceolata X pallens%%%%%tax. nov. 869335-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%%Dalla Torre & Sarnth.%Viola subodorata%Fl. Tirol%6(2): 828%1909%%%%%%%unknown 869336-1%1.1.2.3.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás ex Murr%%Borbás ex Murr%Viola × subodorata%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%40: 134; et in Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 13: 92 (1894)%1890%%%%%%%unknown 869337-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola subpubescens%in Natur. und Offenb.%xxxvii. (1891) 500; et in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. xli. (1891)347; G. Beck. Fl. Nied, Oest. ii. I. (1892) 519%%%%%%%%unknown 266994-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola subrotunda%Pittonia%5(27): 118%1903%%%%%%Minnesota (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 266995-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola subsagittata%Pittonia%3(19): 315%1898%%%%%%Western United States%tax. nov. 266996-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Suksd.%%Suksd.%Viola subsagittifolia%Werdenda%1: 25%1927%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869341-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lázaro Ibiza%%Lázaro Ibiza%Viola subsessilifolia%Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat.%vi. 522 (1906).%%%%%%%%unknown 266997-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola subsinuata%Pittonia%4(20): 4%1899%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869343-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola subtilis%in Billot, Annot. Fl. Fr. et Allem.%101%%%%%%%%unknown 266998-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola subvestita%Erythea%5: 39%1897%%%%%%%tax. nov. 266999-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola subviscosa%Pittonia%4(25): 293%1901%%%%%%Prince Edward Island and Quebec, Canada%tax. nov. 869346-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Willd.%%Willd.%Viola sudetica%Enum. Pl. Suppl. [Willdenow]%12%1814%%%%%%%unknown 869347-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr.%%Fr.%Viola suecica%Summa Veg. Scand.%556.%%%%%%%%unknown 869348-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola suffruticosa%Sp. Pl.%2: 937%1753%%%%%%%unknown 1019471-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × sukaczewii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 144%2001%%%%%%East European Russia.%tax. nov. 869349-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cariot%%Cariot%Viola sulfurea%Etud. des Fleurs, ed. VII.%ii. 81%%%%%%%%unknown 267000-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vell.%%Vell.%Viola suma%Fl. Flumin. Icon.%8: t. 161%1831%%T. 161 is a plate with analysis%%%%%tax. nov. 869350-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Miq.%%Miq.%Viola sumatrana%Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv.%3: 389%1861%%%%%%%unknown 869351-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vell.%%Vell.%Viola summa%Fl. Flumin. Icon.%8: t. 161%1831%%%%%%%unknown 267001-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker%%M.S.Baker%Viola superba%Madroño%5: 220, tab. 20, 22, fig. 10%1940%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869353-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gregory%%Gregory%Viola superodorata%British Violets%9 (1912), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 30206236-2%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr. ex Hartm.%%Fr. ex Hartm.%Viola sylvatica%Bot. Not.%1841(5): 81%1841%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869354-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr. ex Hartm.%%Fr. ex Hartm.%Viola sylvatica%Bot. Not.%1841:81%1841%%%%%%India (Indian Subcontinent, Asia-Tropical)%tax. nov. 266973-2%1.5.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Sm.) Kurtz%(Sm.)%Kurtz%Viola sylvatica var. adunca%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%19(4): 364%1894%%%Violaceae Viola adunca Sm.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 869355-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Lam.%%Lam.%Viola sylvestris%Fl. Franç. (Lamarck)%2: 680%1779%%%%%%%unknown 77214809-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Beck%%Beck%Viola sylvestris f. leucantha%Fl. Nieder-Osterreich%2(1): 521%1892%%%%%%%tax. nov. 267003-2%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%E.Sheld.%%E.Sheld.%Viola sylvestris var. puberula%Bull. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv.%9: 17%1894%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77185825-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subvar.%Rouy & Foucaud%%Rouy & Foucaud%Viola sylvestris subvar. punctata%Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud]%3: 13%1896%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869356-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Baker%%Baker%Viola symei%in Thirsk, Bot. Exch. Rep.%(1859) 8%%%%%%%%unknown 869357-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Boissieu%%W.Becker & Boissieu%Viola sze-tschwanensis%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. viii. 742 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 869358-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola szilyana%Geogr. Enum. Pl. Comit. Castriferrei%253%1887%%%%%%%unknown 959543-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola taischanensis%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 262%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 869359-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola taiwanensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 315%1921%%%%%%%unknown 869360-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola taiwaniana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 38%1922%%%%%%%unknown 869361-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Koidz.%%Koidz.%Viola takasagoensis%Acta Phytotax. Geobot.%7(2): 112%1938%%%%%%%unknown 869362-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola takedana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%21: 57%1907%%%%%%%unknown 869363-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola takesimana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 34%1922%%%%%%%unknown 77060098-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × talmensis%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%35: 137 (-139; fig.)%2003%%%%%%Altay (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 267004-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola taltalensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 223%1926%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 267005-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola taltalensis var. glaberrima%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 224%1926%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869365-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Grosset%%Grosset%Viola tanaitica%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%26: 80%1929%%%%%%%unknown 869366-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola tanakaeana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%17: 86%1903%%%%%%%unknown 869367-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola × taradakensis%J. Jap. Bot.%1939, xv. 407.%%%%%%%%unknown 1000431-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%F.Maek. & T.Hashim. ex T.Shimizu%%F.Maek. & T.Hashim. ex T.Shimizu%Viola taradakensis var. eizalacea%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1507%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 1000432-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%%E.Hama ex T.Shimizu%Viola taradakensis f. variegata%Fl. Nagano Pref.%1507%1997%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 869368-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola tarbagataica%Fl. URSS%15: 683%1949%%%%%%%unknown 869369-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola tashiroi%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%21: 57%1907%%%%%%%unknown 892725-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%K.Nakaj.%%K.Nakaj.%Viola tashiroi f. alboreticulata%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 342%1976%%%%%%%unknown 77310870-1%1.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Stepanov%%Stepanov%Viola tatjanae%Red Book Krasnoyarsk. Territ. [ed. 3]%455%2022%%Etymology: 'The species is named in honour [of] the botanist T.A. Moskalyuk'.%%%%Krasnoyarsk (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869370-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × tatrae%Magyar Növényt. Lapok%xiii. (1890) 81; H. Braun, in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. xl.(1890) 243. xlii. (1892) 287%%%%%%%%unknown 869371-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%C.A.Mey. ex Regel%%C.A.Mey. ex Regel%Viola taurica%Index Seminum [St.Petersburg (Petropolitanus)]%(1860) 44.%%%%%%%%unknown 869372-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola tayemonii%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%6: 3%1916%%%%%%%unknown 77222814-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Elisafenko%%Elisafenko%Viola taynensis%Rast. Mir Aziatsk. Rossii%1(17): 24, f. 1-5%2015%%The article has Russian and English texts; the Russian text shows a different gathering from the same locality as type: '29.04.2012, T.V. Elisafenko' (english)%%%%Russia%tax. nov. 267006-2%1.3.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tectiflora%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(4): 139%1928%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 1152672-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Michx.%%Michx.%Viola tenella%%%%%%%%%%unknown 869374-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poir.%%Poir.%Viola tenella%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 644%1808%%%%%%%unknown 869375-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl.%%Muhl.%Viola tenella%Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.%26%1813%%%%%%%unknown 869376-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Raf.%%Raf.%Viola tenella%Med. Repos.%5: 354. 1808, nomen; et in Amer. Monthly Mag. (1819) 191(Quid ?)%%%%%%%%unknown 869377-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Raf.%%Raf.%Viola tenella%Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev.%4(3): 191%1819%%%%%%%unknown 869378-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb. ex Nyman%%Wiesb. ex Nyman%Viola tenerrima%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 78%1878%%%%%%%unknown 869379-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Terrac.%%Terrac.%Viola tenorei%Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.%xxi (1889) 326.%%%%%%%%unknown 869380-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tenuicornis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 248%1916%%%%%%%unknown 77234486-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Turcz.) Espeut%(Turcz.)%Espeut%Viola tenuicornis subsp. ircutiana%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 30%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola ircutiana Turcz.%%%%comb. nov. 50996803-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tenuicornis subsp. primorskajensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%34(2): 250%1916%%%%%%%tax. nov. 267008-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard%%Pollard%Viola tenuipes%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%15: 201%1902%%%%%%Georgia, Florida, Alabama, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 267009-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tenuis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 95%1907%%%%%%Brazil (Southern America)%tax. nov. 869382-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benth.%%Benth.%Viola tenuis%London J. Bot.%1: 482%1842%%%%%%%unknown 869383-1%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.Richt.%%K.Richt.%Viola × tenuis%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%xli. (1891) 20%%%%%%%Scand.%unknown 77320006-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zumwalde & H.E.Ballard%%Zumwalde & H.E.Ballard%Viola tenuisecta%J. Torrey Bot. Soc.%150(1): 235%2023%%doi:10.3159/TORREY-D-22-00029.1%%%%Virginia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 267010-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tenuis var. geralensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 185%1922%%%%%%Brazil (Southern America)%tax. nov. 869385-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola tenuissima%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 234%1949%%%%%%%unknown 869386-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juz.%%Juz.%Viola teplouchovii%Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk%13: 83%1955%%%%%%%unknown 869387-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen & Gonzalo%%Sennen & Gonzalo%Viola teresiana%Cavanillesia%ii. 75 (1929), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 869388-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen%%Sennen%Viola teriana%Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat.%25(7-8): 137, hybr.%1926%%%%%%%unknown 869389-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Miyabe & Tatew.%%Miyabe & Tatew.%Viola teshioensis%Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc.%xiv. 187 (1936)%%%%%%%%unknown 869390-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tessinensis%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. l. 21, hybr.%1910%%%%%%%unknown 869391-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Molina%%Molina%Viola tetrapetala%Sag. Stor. Nat. Chili, ed. 2.%133%1810%%%%%%%unknown 869392-1%1.1.2.1.1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%%Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.%Viola teucriifolia%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 391%1819%%The name and its description are ascribed to Humboldt & Bonpland, and to Willdenow (as 'Reliqu. Willd. MS'), respectively.%%%%%tax. nov. 869393-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen & Gonzalo%%Sennen & Gonzalo%Viola texidoris%Cavanillesia%ii. 77 (1929), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 869394-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Berthel.%%Berthel.%Viola teydea%Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris%5: 420, t. 7%1827%%Etymology: 'J'appelle cette espece Teydea, de I'ancien nom Teyde que las Guanches donnaient aii pic de Tenerisse, et que lui conservent encore les habitans actuels des Canaries.' Berthelot published Viola teydea and V canariensis as alternative names%%%%Canary Islands%tax. nov. 869395-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ball%%Ball%Viola tezensis%J. Linn. Soc., Bot.%16: 350%1877%%%%%%%unknown 869396-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola thasia%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. ii. 855.%%%%%%%%unknown 869397-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juss. ex Poir.%%Juss. ex Poir.%Viola thesiifolia%Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.]%8: 649%1808%%%%%%%unknown 869398-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Heldr. ex Nyman%%Heldr. ex Nyman%Viola thessala%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 78%1878%%%%%%%unknown 869399-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss. & Spruner%%Boiss. & Spruner%Viola thessala%Diagn. Pl. Orient.%ser. 1, 8: 51%1849%%%%%%%unknown 869400-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola thianschanica%Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg%xxvi. (1880) 427.%%%%%%%%unknown 869401-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch. & Sav.%%Franch. & Sav.%Viola thibaudieri%Enum. Pl. Jap.%2: 290%1878%%%%%%%unknown 869402-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Songeon & E.P.Perrier%%Songeon & E.P.Perrier%Viola thomasiana%in Billot, Annot. Fl. Fr. et Allem.%183%%%%%%%%tax. nov. 267011-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chapm.%%Chapm.%Viola thompsoniae%Fl. South. U.S., ed. 3.%34%1897%%%%%%Georgia (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869404-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Oudem.%%Oudem.%Viola thomsonii%Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi%3: 74%1867%%%%%%%unknown 267012-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Nelson%%A.Nelson%Viola thorii%Bot. Gaz.%30: 193%1900%%%%%%Yellowstone Park%tax. nov. 869406-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola thrichopoda%Icon. Pl. Formosan.%3: 29%1913%%%%%%%unknown 267013-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Britton%%Britton%Viola thymifolia%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%16(1): 18%1889%%%%%%Bolivia (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 1019463-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × tichomirovii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 139%2001%%%%%%Central European Russia.%tax. nov. 267014-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola tidestromii%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 34%1910%%%%%%Utah (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869409-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tienschiensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%17: 314%1921%%%%%%%unknown 50426250-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × tigirekica%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%34: 128 (20 June 2002)%2002%%%%%%Altay (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869410-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola timbali%Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. vol. 1%22%1852%%%%%%%unknown 995697-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben & Raimondo%%Erben & Raimondo%Viola tineorum%Giorn. Bot. Ital.%129(1): 80 (1995)%1995%%%%%%Sicilia.%tax. nov. 869411-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × tiroliensis%in Hallier, Koch's Syn. Deutsch. Fl. ed. 3%(1892) 183; in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. xl. (1890) 117. xlv. (1895) 237; Pacher Nachtr. Fl. Karnt. (1894) 169%%%%%%%%unknown 77318663-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sugim. ex N.Yamada & Igari%%Sugim. ex N.Yamada & Igari%Viola tokaiensis%J. Jap. Bot.%98(2): 63%2023%%doi:10.51033/jjapbot.ID0105%%%%Honshu (Japan, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate);Shikoku (Japan, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate);%tax. nov. 869412-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola tokubuchiana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 129%1902%%%%%%%unknown 892726-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola tokubuchiana f. concolor%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 77234484-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker & Hultén) Espeut%(W.Becker & Hultén)%Espeut%Viola tokubuchiana var. crassicornis%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 29%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola crassicornis W.Becker & Hultén%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77234483-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Vorosch. & N.S.Pavlova) Espeut%(Vorosch. & N.S.Pavlova)%Espeut%Viola tokubuchiana var. extremiorientalis%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 29%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola extremiorientalis Vorosch. & N.S.Pavlova%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 892727-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola tokubuchiana f. lactiflora%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 77166013-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) M.Kim%(Nakai)%M.Kim%Viola tokubuchiana var. scabrida%Korean Endemic Pl.%142%2017%%%Violaceae Viola scabrida Nakai%%%%stat. nov. 77251979-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Makino) F.Maek.%(Makino)%F.Maek.%Viola tokubuchiana var. takedana%Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon.%3: 28%1954%%%Violaceae Viola takedana Makino%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 869413-1%1.1.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Timb.-Lagr.%%Timb.-Lagr.%Viola tolosana%Et. Hist. Bot. Viola%(1854), 6%%%%%%%%unknown 267015-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola tomentosa%Leafl. W. Bot.%5: 142%1949%%%%%%California (Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77220926-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino ex Ohga%%Makino ex Ohga%Viola tomentosifolia%Icon. Viol.%1: t. 2%1931%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869415-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gagnep.%%Gagnep.%Viola tonkinensis%Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H. Lecomte et al.]%Suppl.: 174 (1939), gallice; et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 1938, 85: 600 (1939), latine%%%%%%%%unknown 869416-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Elmer%%Elmer%Viola toppingii%Leafl. Philipp. Bot.%ii. 504 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 1002141-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Martic.%%Martic.%Viola toroensis%Gayana, Bot.%57(2): 192%2000%%[Gandhi 31 Aug 2001] nom. superfl. for V. philippiana Greene 1889%%%%%unknown 869417-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Marcet%%Marcet%Viola torresii%Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat.%7(7): 75%1907%%%%%%%unknown 77221812-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola × torslundensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl.%26(2): 385%1910%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869418-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola tosaensis%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%72: 191%1925%%%%%%%unknown 869419-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tourbillonensis%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 359%1910%%%%%%%unknown 869420-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tourbillonensis%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. l. 18, hybr.%1910%%%%%%%unknown 77210853-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%P.Gonzáles & Molina-Alor%%P.Gonzáles & Molina-Alor%Viola tovarii%Phytotaxa%451(3): 248%2020%%doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.451.3.8 This species is named in honour of Oscar Tovar Serpa (1923–2009), a professor at the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, who was one of the greatest explorers in the Peruvian Andes and discoverered more than 50 plant species for science.%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869421-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayata%%Hayata%Viola tozanensis%J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo%xxv. Art. 19, 53 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 869422-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola tracheliifolia%Linnaea%1(3): 409%1826%%%%%%%unknown 869423-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging. & Skottsb.%%Ging. & Skottsb.%Viola tracheliifolia%Acta Horti Gothob.%13: 492, descr. ampl.%1940%%%%%%%unknown 951261-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%H.St.John%%H.St.John%Viola tracheliifolia f. canescens%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 194%1989%%%%%%Hawaiian Is.%tax. nov. 951262-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%H.St.John%%H.St.John%Viola tracheliifolia f. forbesii%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 194%1989%%%%%%Hawaiian Is.%tax. nov. 955723-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Rock) H.St.John%(Rock)%H.St.John%Viola tracheliifolia f. mauiensis%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 194%1989%%%Violaceae Viola robusta Hillebr. var. mauiensis%%%%comb. nov. 955724-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Skottsb.) H.St.John%(Skottsb.)%H.St.John%Viola tracheliifolia f. olokelensis%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 196%1989%%%Violaceae Viola tracheliifolia Ging. & Skottsb. var. olokelensis%%%%comb. nov. 955725-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Skottsb.) H.St.John%(Skottsb.)%H.St.John%Viola tracheliifolia f. populifolia%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 196%1989%%%Violaceae Viola tracheliifolia Ging. & Skottsb. var. populifolia%%%%comb. nov. 951263-1%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%H.St.John%%H.St.John%Viola tracheliifolia f. puberula%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 196%1989%%%%%%Hawaiian Is.%tax. nov. 869424-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schur%%Schur%Viola transsilvanica%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%10: 184%1860%%%%%%%unknown 869425-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola triangulifolia%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1929(6): 202%1929%%%%%%%unknown 869426-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Chang%%Chang%Viola trichopetala%Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot.%ser. 2, 1: 254%1949%%%%%%%unknown 869427-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(W.Becker) Juz.%(W.Becker)%Juz.%Viola trichosepala%Fl. URSS%15: 416%1949%%%%%%%unknown 869428-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola tricolor%Sp. Pl.%2: 935%1753%%%%%%%unknown 915753-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Sigunov%%Sigunov%Viola tricolor f. alba%Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Belgrade, B%34: 86 (1979)%1979%%%%%%Jugoslavia.%tax. nov. 267016-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Murray) DC.%(Murray)%DC.%Viola tricolor var. arvensis%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 303%1824%%Some cite the combining authorship as: (Murray) Boiss. (non vidi)%%%%%tax. nov. 77185829-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Drabble) P.D.Sell%(Drabble)%P.D.Sell%Viola tricolor var. cantiana%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola cantiana Drabble%%%%stat. nov. 77185832-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Borbás) P.D.Sell%(Borbás)%P.D.Sell%Viola tricolor var. carpatica%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola × carpatica Borbás%%%%stat. nov. 77185830-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(E.Forst.) P.D.Sell%(E.Forst.)%P.D.Sell%Viola tricolor var. curtisii%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola curtisii E.Forst.%%%%stat. nov. 77251580-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(E.Forst.) Syme%(E.Forst.)%Syme%Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii%Engl. Bot.%ed. 3a, 2: 26%1865%%%Violaceae Viola curtisii E.Forst.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77185828-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Jord.) P.D.Sell%(Jord.)%P.D.Sell%Viola tricolor var. lejeunei%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola lejeunei Jord.%%%%stat. nov. 77185831-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Boiss. & Heldr.) P.D.Sell%(Boiss. & Heldr.)%P.D.Sell%Viola tricolor var. macedonica%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%nom. inval. , contrary to Art. 41.6. ICN (2012): page number omitted from basionym ref%%Violaceae Viola macedonica Boiss. & Heldr.%%%%stat. nov. 77251671-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Boiss. & Heldr.) A.F.W.Schmidt%(Boiss. & Heldr.)%A.F.W.Schmidt%Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica%Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%74: 30%1967%%%Violaceae Viola macedonica Boiss. & Heldr.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77251356-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Klokov) Valentine%(Klokov)%Valentine%Viola tricolor subsp. matutina%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%74: 31%1967%%%Violaceae Viola matutina Klokov%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77336865-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Gaudin%%Gaudin%Viola tricolor subsp. minima%Fl. Helv.%2: 210%1828%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60457189-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola tricolor var. nana%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 304%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60457193-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Rouy%%Rouy%Viola tricolor subsp. olyssiponensis%Scrin. Fl. Select.%6: 114%1887%%Rouy published Viola Olyssiponensis Rouy (subsp. nova) remarked: Sous-espèce du type spécifique V. tricolor L.;%%%%Portugal (Southwestern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 77185827-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Drabble) P.D.Sell%(Drabble)%P.D.Sell%Viola tricolor var. orcadensis%Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland%1: 692%2018%%%Violaceae Viola orcadensis Drabble%%%%stat. nov. 964857-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%D.Lausi & T.Cusma Velari%%D.Lausi & T.Cusma Velari%Viola tricolor var. raiblensis%Stud. Geobot.%6: 128 (1986)%1986%%%%%%Italy.%tax. nov. 77251360-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Gaudin%%Gaudin%Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina%Fl. Helv.%2: 210%1828%%%%%%%tax. nov. 287793-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Farw.%%Farw.%Viola tricolor f. tenella%Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci.%2: 35%1923%%%%%%%tax. nov. 51030508-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%DC.%%DC.%Viola tricolor var. trimestris%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 304%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 60457186-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Menzies ex DC.%%Menzies ex DC.%Viola tridentata%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 300%1824%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869429-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sm.%%Sm.%Viola tridentata%Cycl. [A. Rees], (London ed.)%37(1): Viola n. 76.%1817%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869430-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tridentina%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%56: 473%1906%%%%%%%unknown 869431-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Spreng.%%Spreng.%Viola trifida%Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug.%1: 22%1813%%%%%%%unknown 267017-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola triflabellata%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%21: 357%1925%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 267018-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schwein.%%Schwein.%Viola triloba%Amer. J. Sci. Arts%5: 57%1822%%%%%%North Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 267019-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Steyerm.%%Steyerm.%Viola triloba f. albida%Rhodora%54: 256%1952%%%%%%Missouri (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 267020-2%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Creutz%%Creutz%Viola triloba f. annjoae%Wild Fl.%35: 9, fig. 1, 4-7%1959%%%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 267021-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Elliott) E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.%(Elliott)%E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.%Viola triloba f. dilatata%Brittonia%10: 115%1958%%%%%%%tax. nov. 267022-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Brainerd%%Brainerd%Viola triloba var. dilatata%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%37: 587%1911%%%%%%%tax. nov. 267023-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Howell) Howell ex A.Gray%(Howell)%Howell ex A.Gray%Viola trinervata%Bot. Gaz.%11: 290%1886%%%%%%%tax. nov. 267024-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%H.St.John%%H.St.John%Viola trinervata f. semialba%Amer. Bot. (Binghamton)%34: 94%1928%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869434-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Korth.%%Korth.%Viola trinervis%Ned. Kruidk. Arch.%i. (1848) 357%%%%%%%%unknown 869435-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Losa%%Losa%Viola trinitatis%Contrib. Estud. Fl. & Veg. Prov. Zamora%80 (1949)%%%%%%%%unknown 869436-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%G.Don ex W.H.Baxter%%G.Don ex W.H.Baxter%Viola tripartita%Suppl. Hort. Brit. [Loudon]%657, nomen%1850%%%%%%%unknown 869437-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Elliott%%Elliott%Viola tripartita%Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott]%1: 302%1817%%%%%%%unknown 1209533-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Ging. ex Chapm.) R.M.Harper%(Ging. ex Chapm.)%R.M.Harper%Viola tripartita var. glaberrima%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%27(6): 337%1900%%%Violaceae Viola hastata Michx. var. glaberrima Ging. ex Chapm.%%%%comb. nov. 267026-2%1.8%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Ging. ex Chapm.) H.Lév. & Dans.%(Ging. ex Chapm.)%H.Lév. & Dans.%Viola tripartita f. glaberrima%Naturaliste Canad.%93: 501%1966%isonym%%Violaceae Viola hastata Michx. var. glaberrima Ging. ex Chapm.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 267027-2%1.1.2.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Ging. ex Chapm.) Fernald%(Ging. ex Chapm.)%Fernald%Viola tripartita f. glaberrima%Rhodora%51: 52%1949%%%Violaceae Viola hastata Michx. var. glaberrima Ging. ex Chapm.%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 869438-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Waisb.%%Waisb.%Viola × tristicha%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%45: 144%1895%%%%%%%unknown 77193059-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola trochlearis%Int. Rock Gard.%106: 16%2018%%%%%%Neuquén (Argentina South, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 294733-2%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola truncata%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%22(2): 94%1907%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869439-1%1.1.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Meyen%%Meyen%Viola truncata%Reise Erde%1: 314%1834%%%%%%%unknown 267029-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola truncata var. glaberrima%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 187%1922%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 267030-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola truncata var. glandulifera%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 186%1922%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869441-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Masam.%%Masam.%Viola tsugitakaensis%J. Soc. Trop. Agric.%1930, ii. 240.%%%%%%%%unknown 869442-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch.%%Franch.%Viola tuberifera%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%33: 410%1887%%%%%%%unknown 892728-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%S.Y.Chen%%S.Y.Chen%Viola tuberifera var. brevipedicellata%Acta Phytotax. Sin.%18(4): 524%1980%%%%%%%unknown 869443-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Auct. ex Steud.%%Auct. ex Steud.%Viola tuberosa%Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2.%ii. 773%%%%%%%%unknown 267031-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola tucumanensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%22: 352%1926%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 869445-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juz.%%Juz.%Viola turczaninowii%Fl. URSS%15: 395%1949%%%%%%%unknown 869446-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kirschl. ex F.Schultz%%Kirschl. ex F.Schultz%Viola turfosa%Flora%23(1): 121%1840%%%%%%%unknown 869447-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Regel & Schmalh.%%Regel & Schmalh.%Viola turkestanica%Izv. Imp. Obshch. Lyubit. Estestv. Moskovsk. Univ.%34(2): 12%1882%%%%%%%unknown 77306653-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Kom.%%Kom.%Viola turkestanica var. rupestris%Trudy S.-Peterburgsk. Obshch. Estestvoisp., Otd. Bot.%26: 117%1896%%[non vidi]%%%%%tax. nov. 77306654-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(Kom.) Kamelin%(Kom.)%Kamelin%Viola turkestanica subsp. rupestris%Fl. Ushchel. Reki Varzob%172%2021%%%Violaceae Viola turkestanica Regel & Schmalh. var. rupestris Kom.%%%%stat. nov. 77209510-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola turritella%Int. Rock Gard.%124: 9, 38, figs.24-26, 28, 50, 55, 57-65%2020%%Etymology: The epithet turritellais Latin for 'little tower'. It describes the most common form of the new species as columnar [Figs.25, 28, 50, 55], and was prompted by use of the same epithet for Nototriche turritellaA.W. Hill (1909). (english)%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 50426249-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × tuvinica%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%34: 126 (20 June 2002)%2002%%%%%%Tuva (Siberia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 1019460-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × tzvelevii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 136%2001%%%%%%East European Russia.%tax. nov. 1019461-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola tzvelevii f. tschistopolensis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 139%2001%%%%%%East European Russia.%tax. nov. 995698-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben & Raimondo%%Erben & Raimondo%Viola ucriana%Giorn. Bot. Ital.%129(1): 85 (1995)%1995%%%%%%Sicilia.%tax. nov. 869448-1%1.4.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Borbás%%Borbás%Viola × uechtritziana%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%xli. (1891) 20; et in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. (1891) 33; G. Beck, Fl. Nied.-Oest. i. II. (1892) 519%%%%%%%%unknown 869449-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Juz.%%Juz.%Viola ugamica%Fl. URSS%15: 682, in obs., nomen provis.%1949%%%%%%%unknown 267032-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola uleana%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 186%1922%%%%%%Brazil (Southern America)%tax. nov. 869451-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Muhl.%%Muhl.%Viola uliginosa%Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.%26%1813%%%%%%%unknown 869452-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Besser%%Besser%Viola uliginosa%Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac.%i. 169; Schrad. Neues Journ. iv. (1810) 80.%1809%%%%%%%unknown 77122913-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.Kim & Jungsim Lee%%M.Kim & Jungsim Lee%Viola ulleungdoensis%Korean J. Pl. Taxon.%42(3): 203%2012%%%%%%South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77122914-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%M.Kim%%M.Kim%Viola ulleungdoensis f. albiflora%Korean J. Pl. Taxon.%42(3): 204%2012%%%%%%South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 267033-2%1.5.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sessé & Moc.%%Sessé & Moc.%Viola umbellata%Fl. Mexic., ed. 2%198%1894%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869454-1%1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kunth%%Kunth%Viola umbraticola%Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]%v. 370.%%%%%%%%unknown 267034-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola umbraticola var. glaberrima%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%20: 7%1924%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869455-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fr.%%Fr.%Viola umbrosa%Novit.%271%%%%%%%%unknown 869456-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Saut.%%Saut.%Viola umbrosa%Flora%22(1): 259%1839%%%%%%%unknown 869457-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hoppe%%Hoppe%Viola umbrosa%Flora%11(2): 648%1828%%%%%%%unknown 869458-1%1.1.2.2.1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ces. ex Chiov.%%Ces. ex Chiov.%Viola umbrosa%Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital.%(1893) 287. in syn.%%%%%%%%unknown 869459-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola umemurae%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 131%1902%%%%%%%unknown 77210292-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.Nansai, Srisanga & Suwanph.%%S.Nansai, Srisanga & Suwanph.%Viola umphangensis%Nordic J. Bot.%38(4)-e02668: 3%2020%%doi:10.1111/njb.02668%%%%Thailand (Indo-China, Asia-Tropical)%tax. nov. 267035-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola uncinulata%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 97%1919%%%%%%Oregon (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 267036-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola unguiculata%Pittonia%4(25): 291%1901%%%%%%Colorado (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77203883-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola unica%bioRxiv%http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/787564: 1, figs. 1-7%2019%nom. inval. Not effectively published. bioRxiv is a free online archive and distribution service for unpublished preprints in the life sciences ... In most cases, they can be considered final drafts or working papers.%(english) doi:10.1101/787564%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869462-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vand. ex Roem.%%Vand. ex Roem.%Viola uniflora%Script.%147 (Quid ?).%%%%%%%%unknown 869463-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%L.%%L.%Viola uniflora%Sp. Pl.%2: 936%1753%%%%%%%unknown 1001879-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%Zuev%%Zuev%Viola uniflora subsp. lasczinskyi%Fl. Sibir. (Geraniac.-Cornac.)%10: 98 (1996)%1996%%%%%%West Siberia.%tax. nov. 267037-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Aiton) Regel%(Aiton)%Regel%Viola uniflora var. pubescens%Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou%34(2): 500%1861%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77211552-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola uniquissima%Int. Rock Gard.%128: 40%2020%%%%%%Tarapacá (Chile North, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869464-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola unwinii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%26: 25%1929%%%%%%%unknown 869465-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola unwinii%Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh%16: 147%1931%%%%%%%unknown 869466-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Franch.%%Franch.%Viola urophylla%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%33: 413%1887%%%%%%%unknown 965398-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola urophylla var. densivillosa%Acta Bot. Yunnan.%13(3): 265%1991%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 869467-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kom.%%Kom.%Viola ursina%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%13: 235%1914%%%%%%%unknown 267038-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%%M.S.Baker & J.C.Clausen%Viola utahensis%Leafl. W. Bot.%5: 145%1949%%%%%%West of cemetary, Cache County (Utah, Southwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869469-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Koidz.%%Koidz.%Viola utchinensis%Acta Phytotax. Geobot.%7(2): 113%1938%%%%%%%unknown 50426248-2%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola vadimii%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%34: 125 (20 June 2002)%2002%%%%%%Central European Russia (Eastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869470-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Murr & Poll%%Murr & Poll%Viola vadutiensis%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiv. 135 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 869471-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola vaginata%Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg%xxiii. (1877) 324.%%%%%%%%unknown 1015801-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%H.Igarashi%%H.Igarashi%Viola vaginata f. purpureocalcarata%J. Jap. Bot.%75(3): 187 (2000)%2000%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 267039-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola vagula%Pittonia%4(21): 67%1899%%%%%%Canada%tax. nov. 869473-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rchb.%%Rchb.%Viola valderia%Fl. Germ. Excurs.%709%%%%%%%%unknown 869474-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%All.%%All.%Viola valderia%Fl. Pedem.%ii. 98%1785%%%%%%%unknown 294730-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kalela%%Kalela%Viola valdiviana%Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A%54(5): 14%1940%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869476-1%1.3.2.1.4.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola valentiana%Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2.%26(2): 352%1910%%%%%%%unknown 869477-1%1.1.2.1.1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hausskn. ex Favrat%%Hausskn. ex Favrat%Viola valesiaca%Bull. trav. Soc. Murith.%Fasc. xiii-xv. (1887) 61%%%%%%%%unknown 267040-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola vallenarensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%24: 111%1927%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 267041-2%1.7%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Nelson%%A.Nelson%Viola vallicola%Bull. Torrey Bot. Club%26(3): 128%1899%%%%%%Wyoming (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 953950-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Hook.) Fabijan%(Hook.)%Fabijan%Viola vallicola var. major%Canad. J. Bot.%65(12): 2575 (1987):%1987%%%Violaceae Viola nuttallii Benth. var. major%%%%comb. nov. 869480-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Velen.%%Velen.%Viola vandasii%Fl. Bulg. add.%(1891) 641; et in Sitzb. Boehm. Ges. Wiss. 1893 (1894) xxxvii.12.%%%%%%%%unknown 938332-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.St.John%%H.St.John%Viola vanroyenii%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%111(2): 198%1989%%%%%%Hawaiian Is.%tax. nov. 267042-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola variabilis%Pittonia%5(26): 90%1902%%%%%%Maryland (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869482-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola variata%in Billot, Annot. Fl. Fr. et Allem.%166%%%%%%%%unknown 869483-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Fisch. ex Link%%Fisch. ex Link%Viola variegata%Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt.%1: 240%1821%%%%%%%unknown 869484-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vuk.%%Vuk.%Viola variegata%Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan.%44: 195%1878%%%%%%%tax. nov. 77234485-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%subsp.%(W.Becker) Espeut%(W.Becker)%Espeut%Viola variegata subsp. primorskajensis%Botanica Pacifica%9(1): 30%2020%%doi:10.17581/bp.2020.09113%Violaceae Viola tenuicornis W.Becker subsp. primorskajensis W.Becker%%%%comb. nov. 892729-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(W.Becker) Vorosch.%(W.Becker)%Vorosch.%Viola variegata var. primorskajensis%Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada%84: 34%1972%%%%%%%unknown 892730-1%1.2.2.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Kitag.) Kitag.%(Kitag.)%Kitag.%Viola variegata f. viridis%Neolin. Fl. Manshur.%460%1979%%%%%%%unknown 892731-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(Kitag.) P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%(Kitag.)%P.Y.Fu & Y.C.Teng%Viola variegata f. viridis%Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Or.%6: 105%1977%%%%%%%unknown 869485-1%1.1.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Poll%%Poll%Viola variifrons%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%xiii. 29 (1907).%%%%%%%%unknown 869486-1%1.1.2.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hausskn. ex Gremli%%Hausskn. ex Gremli%Viola × vaudensis%Fl. anal. Suisse%(1886) 124.%%%%%%%%unknown 869487-1%1.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Drabble%%Drabble%Viola vectensis%J. Bot.%65: 47%1927%%%%%%%unknown 77200910-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola vectoris%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 223, fig. 24%2018%%Etymology: Relativa al nome del Monte Vettore%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869488-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Müll.Berol.%%Müll.Berol.%Viola vegetalis%Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers)%7(2): 215, sphalm.%1868%%%%%%%unknown 869489-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Formánek%%Formánek%Viola velutina%Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn%30: 75%1892%%%%%%%unknown 267043-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Steyerm.%%Steyerm.%Viola venezuelensis%Fieldiana, Bot.%28: 403, fig. 85A-J%1952%%%%%%Venezuela (Northern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 267044-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rydb.%%Rydb.%Viola venosa%Mem. New York Bot. Gard.%1: 262%1900%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869492-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Piper%%Piper%Viola venosa%Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.%xi. 393 (1906).%%%%%%%%unknown 869493-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola venusta%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%72: 194%1925%%%%%%%unknown 267045-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola venustula%Pittonia%3(19): 335%1898%%%%%%Ottawa, Ont, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 267046-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola verbascula%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%2: 32%1910%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869496-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.Gray%%A.Gray%Viola verecunda%Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts%ser. 2, 6(2): 382%1858%%%%%%%unknown 892732-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%Mizushima ex E.Hama%%Mizushima ex E.Hama%Viola verecunda f. candidissima%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 340%1976%%%%%%%unknown 291122-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola × vermontana%Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist.%266: 25%1925%%Viola latiuscula X sororia%%%%%tax. nov. 869498-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Planch. & Linden ex Triana & Planch.%%Planch. & Linden ex Triana & Planch.%Viola veronicifolia%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 4, 17: 121%1862%%%%%%%unknown 869499-1%1.2.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Salisb.%%Salisb.%Viola versicolor%Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton%130%1796%%%%%%%unknown 267047-2%1.3.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ortega%%Ortega%Viola verticillata%Nov. Pl. Descr. Dec.%4: 50%1797%%%%%%Mexico (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869501-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Cerv.%%Cerv.%Viola verticillata%Anales Ci. Nat.%vi. (1803) 195.%%%%%%%%unknown 267048-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola vespertilionis%Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit.%1: 217%1906%%%%%%Maryland, Virginia, District of Columbia, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 869503-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Klokov%%Klokov%Viola vespertina%Fl. URSS%15: 684%1949%%%%%%%unknown 267049-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard in Britton%%Pollard in Britton%Viola × viarum%Man. Fl. N. States [Britton]%635%1901%%[Gandhi 5 Jan 1998; country, hybrid; Boissiera 53: 98. 1997]%%%%Missouri to Kansas and Indian Territory, United States of America (Northern America)%tax. nov. 267050-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.%%E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.%Viola viarum f. pilifera%Brittonia%10: 116%1958%%%%%%Missouri (North-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 1019476-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × viatkensis%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 146%2001%%%%%%North European Russia.%tax. nov. 869505-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Martrin-Donos%%Martrin-Donos%Viola vicina%Fl. Tarn%1(1): 80%1864%%%%%%%tax. nov. 294728-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola vicinalis%Pittonia%4(20): 9%1899%%nom. nov. for V. insignis Pollard non Richter%%%%%tax. nov. 869507-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hayek%%Hayek%Viola vilaensis%Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr.%xciv. 154 (1918)%%%%%%%%unknown 869508-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benz%%Benz%Viola villaquensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%55: 25%1905%%%%%%%unknown 869509-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sennen & Mauricio%%Sennen & Mauricio%Viola villaris%Diagn. Nouv.%227 (1936)%%%%%%%%unknown 869510-1%1.3.2.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Schult.%%Schult.%Viola villarsiana%Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes]%5: 388%1819%%J.A. Schultes is the author of vols. 5 and 6 (excluding a few treatments)%%%%%tax. nov. 267051-2%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Walter%%Walter%Viola villosa%Fl. Carol. [Walter]%219%1788%%%%%%South Carolina (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869511-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Walter%%Walter%Viola villosa%Fl. Carol. [Walter]%219%1788%%%%%%%unknown 291120-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Nutt.%%Nutt.%Viola villosa var. cordifolia%Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall].%1: 147%1818%%Viola hirsutula X papilionacea%%%%Pennsylvania (Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869512-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Delacour & Mottet%%Delacour & Mottet%Viola vilmoriniana%Bull. Soc. Bot. France%46: 120%1899%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869513-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola vilnaensis%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%18: 477, hybr.%1922%%%%%%%unknown 869514-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wiesb.%%Wiesb.%Viola × vindobonensis%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%30: 191%1880%%%%%%%unknown 869515-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boreau%%Boreau%Viola vinealis%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 75%1857%%%%%%%unknown 60441375-2%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola violacea%Ill. Fl. Japan%1(11): t. 67%1891%%%%%%Japan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate);South Korea;%tax. nov. 950250-1%1.2.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola violacea f. leucantha%Violets of Japan%181 (1987)%1987%%%%%%Japan.%tax. nov. 892733-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola violacea f. okuharae%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 342%1976%%%%%%%unknown 892734-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola violacea f. rubra%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 342%1976%%%%%%%unknown 892735-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola violacea f. variegata%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 342%1976%%%%%%%unknown 892736-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola violacea f. versicolor%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 869517-1%1.1.2.1.1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord. ex Boreau%%Jord. ex Boreau%Viola virescens%Fl. Centre France, ed. 3 [Boreau]%2: 77%1857%%%%%%%unknown 869518-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gren.%%Gren.%Viola virgata%Fl. France [Grenier]%1: 184%1847%%%%%%%unknown 869519-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bergmans%%Bergmans%Viola × visseriana%Vaste Pl. Rotsheesters%592 (1924).%%%%%%%%unknown 267052-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola vittata%Pittonia%3(18): 258%1898%%%%%%Florida (Southeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869521-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Jord.%%Jord.%Viola vivariensis%Observ. Pl. Nouv.%i. (1846) 17%%%%%%%%unknown 30076176-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.%%Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.%Viola volcanica%Bot. Misc.%3(8): 145, t. 98%1833%%%%%%Argentina%tax. nov. 869522-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gillies%%Gillies%Viola volcanica%Bot. Misc.%3: 145, t. 98%1833%%%%%%%unknown 267053-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola volcanica var. chillanensis%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 905%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 267054-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola volcanica var. exilis%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 905%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 267055-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Reiche%%Reiche%Viola volcanica var. truncata%Anales Univ. Chile%90: 905%1895%%%%%%%tax. nov. 907270-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola voliotisii%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 614 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 869523-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola vorarlbergensis%in Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Nat. Ges.%xlv. Abh. l. 10, hybr.%1910%%%%%%%unknown 77193100-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bezd.%%Bezd.%Viola vorobievii%Komarovskie Chteniya (Vladivostok)%48: 105%2001%%The specific epithet honours D.P.Vorobievi%%%%Kuril Is. (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 907271-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Erben%%Erben%Viola vourinensis%Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München%21(2): 500 (1985)%1985%%%%%%Greece.%tax. nov. 869524-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beck%%Beck%Viola vranicensis%Glasn. Zem. Mus. Bosn. i Hercegov. (Fl. Bosn. Hercegov. etc.)%xxx. 204(1918).%%%%%%%%unknown 869525-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Rupr.%%Rupr.%Viola vulgaris%Fl. Ingr. [Ruprecht]%135%1860%%%%%%%unknown 77200911-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ricceri & Moraldo%%Ricceri & Moraldo%Viola vulturis%Boll. Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania%51(no. 381): FP 226, fig. 25%2018%%%%%%Italy (Southeastern Europe, Europe)%tax. nov. 869526-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beurl. ex Nyman%%Beurl. ex Nyman%Viola wahlenbergii%Consp. Fl. Eur.%1: 77%1878%%%%%%%unknown 869527-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%(Rock) Skottsb.%(Rock)%Skottsb.%Viola wailenalenae%Acta Horti Gothob.%13: 462, 500, cum descr. lat.%1940%%%%%%%unknown 869528-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wight%%Wight%Viola walkeri%Illustr. Ind. Bot.%i. 42%%%%%%%%unknown 869529-1%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ging.%%Ging.%Viola wallichiana%Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle]%1: 300%1824%%%%%%%unknown 294446-2%1.3.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%House%%House%Viola walteri%Torreya%6(8): 172%1906%%non V. multicaulis Jord. (1852). House referred, among others, to V. canina (sensu) Walter (non L. 1753) and to V. muhlenbergii var. multicaulis Torr. & A. Gray%%%%%nom. et stat. nov. 77086736-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(L.K.Henry) L.E.McKinney ex S.P.Grund & B.L.Isaac%(L.K.Henry)%L.E.McKinney ex S.P.Grund & B.L.Isaac%Viola walteri var. appalachiensis%Castanea%72(1): 59%2007%%%Violaceae Viola appalachiensis L.K.Henry%%%%comb. et stat. nov. 77065552-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.N.Lee%%Y.N.Lee%Viola wansanensis%Bull. Korea Pl. Res.%4: 19 (-20; figs.)%2004%%%%%%South Korea (Korea, Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 267056-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Greene%%Greene%Viola watsonii%Pittonia%4(20): 5%1899%%%%%%x, Prince Edward Island (Canada)%tax. nov. 869531-1%1.1.2.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Druce%%Druce%Viola watsonii%Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles%7(5): 865, hybr.%1926%%%%%%%unknown 267057-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola weberbaueri%Bot. Jahrb. Syst.%37(5): 588%1906%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869534-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Hemsl. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.%%Hemsl. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.%Viola websteri%J. Linn. Soc., Bot.%23: 56%1886%%%%%%%unknown 267058-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola weddellii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%26: 25%1929%%%%%%Peru (Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 267059-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.F.Macbr. ex Baehni & Weibel%%J.F.Macbr. ex Baehni & Weibel%Viola weibelii%Candollea%8 (preprint p. 32): 221%1941%%%%%%Junín (Peru, Western South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869537-1%1.2.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola weinhartii%Allg. Bot. Z. Syst.%1899, 75.%%%%%%%%unknown 934618-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ching J.Wang%%Ching J.Wang%Viola weixiensis%Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin%8(2): 17%1988%%%%%%China.%tax. nov. 267060-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola werdermannii%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 222%1926%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 267061-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola werdermannii var. glaberrima%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 223%1926%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 287308-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola werdermannii f. glandulifera%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 223.%1926%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 267062-2%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola werdermannii var. typica%Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.%23: 223%1926%%%%%%Chile%tax. nov. 869539-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Richt.%%Richt.%Viola wettsteinii%Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien%37: 197%1887%%%%%%%unknown 869540-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola wichurai%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%42: 562%1928%%%%%%%unknown 869541-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Boiss.%%Boiss.%Viola wiedemannii%Fl. Orient. [Boissier]%1: 457%1867%%%%%%%unknown 869542-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dichtl%%Dichtl%Viola wiesbauriana%Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr.%iii. (1885) 45%%%%%%%%unknown 869543-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sabr.%%Sabr.%Viola × wiesbaurii%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%34: 131, in nota%1884%%%%%%%unknown 869544-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Sabr. ex Nyman%%Sabr. ex Nyman%Viola × wiesbaurii%Consp. Fl. Eur.%Suppl. 2(1): 48%1889%%%%%%%unknown 869545-1%1.1.1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wall.%%Wall.%Viola wightiana%Numer. List [Wallich]%n. 4021%1831%%%%%%%unknown 77202100-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola wikipedia%Int. Rock Gard.%117: 47%2019%nom. illeg. nom. superfl. “Viola angustifolia Banks ex Ging. in De Candolle, Prodr. 1: 307. 1824” is an invalid name, and “Viola angustifolia Phil., Linnaea 28: 617. 1857” is a legitimate name. Watson and Flores (l.c.) erred in treating V. angustifolia Phil. as a later homonym and illegitimate, and the name V. wikipedia was superfluous and illegitimate when published%Etymology: We Watsons investigate and write up all our publications at home. We are retired on small pensions, belong to no institution, and work privately on a largely self-funded basis ... we consult it constantly for information on a wide variety of subjects related to our work - Wikipedia, as cited herein for example. The best token return we can think of is to name a plant accordingly, so it therefore gives us pleasure to record our gratitude via the replacement epithet of this species, as a noun in apposition%%%%%nom. nov. 869546-1%1.3.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Beauverd%%Beauverd%Viola wilczekiana%Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève%1918, Ser. II. x. 301 (1919), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 1012260-1%1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × wilhelmii%Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast.%31: 226 (1998)%1998%%%%%%North Caucasus (Krasnodar).%tax. nov. 1019467-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × wilibaldii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 142, nom. nov.%2001%%%%%%%nom. nov. 869547-1%1.1.2.1.1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%De Roem. ex Willk.%%De Roem. ex Willk.%Viola willkommii%Linnaea%25(1): 10%1852%%%%%%%unknown 869548-1%1.2.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Teplouchow%%Teplouchow%Viola willkommii%in Bull. Soc. Oural. Amat. Sc. Nat.%vii. II. 24 (Quid ?)%%%%%%%%unknown 291118-2%1.4.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard & Cockerell%%Pollard & Cockerell%Viola × wilmatteae%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%15: 178%1902%%Eponymy: Mrs. Wilmatte P. Cockerell, for whom it is named.%%%%New Mexico (South-Central U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869549-1%1.3.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Pollard & Cockerell%%Pollard & Cockerell%Viola wilmatteae%Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington%xv. 178%1902%%%%%%%tax. nov. 869550-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola wilsonii%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 251%1928%%%%%%%unknown 77087518-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gams ex Nauenb. & Buttler%%Gams ex Nauenb. & Buttler%Viola wittrockiana%Kochia%2: 38 (37-41; fig. 1)%2007%isonym%%%%%Northern Europe (Europe)%tax. nov. 869551-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kappert%%Kappert%Viola × wittrockiana%Möller's Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung%47: 293%1932%nom. inval. nom. nud.%%%%%%tax. nov. 869552-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Gams%%Gams%Viola × wittrockiana%Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur.%5(1): 616%1925%%%%%%%nom. nov. 869553-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola wolffiana%Schinz & Keller, Fl. Schweiz, ed. 3%i. 363 (1909)%%%%%%%%unknown 1000914-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Y.N.Lee & J.Kim%%Y.N.Lee & J.Kim%Viola woosanensis%Korean J. Pl. Taxon.%28(1): 30 (1998)%1998%%%%%%South Korea.%tax. nov. 77079601-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Bezd.%%Bezd.%Viola woroschilovii%Fl. Ross. Dal'nego Vostoka%451 (106)%2006%%%%%%Primorye (Russian Far East, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869554-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Watt%%Watt%Viola wrightiana%J. Linn. Soc., Bot.%18: 379%1881%%%%%%%unknown 300216-2%1.6%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%H.E.Ballard%%H.E.Ballard%Viola × wujekii%Castanea%58: 3, fig. 2%1993%%%%%%Somerset County (Pennsylvania, Northeastern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 77309169-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola wulinfarmensis%New Taxa New Names%5: 192%2022%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 77203652-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola wulingensis%New Taxa New Names%2: 70%2022%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 869555-1%1.3.2.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Kloos%%Kloos%Viola wychensis%Ned. Kruidk. Arch.%1926, 89 (1927), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 869556-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola xanthopetala%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 29%1922%%%%%%%unknown 77201612-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola xanthopotamica%Int. Rock Gard.%115: 37, figs.22, 23, 44, 60, 64-68, 74, 76%2019%%Etymology: xanthopotamica is a combination of the Greek substantives xanthos - yellow, and potamos - river. The epithet connects the viola with the immediate surroundings of its type locality, where the narrow river it is situated beside passes through a dramatic yellow, mineral-stained, stratified rockscape which forms the immediate valley sides, and the water itself is the same conspicuous colour (english)%%%%La Rioja (Argentina)%tax. nov. 77234185-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%S.S.Ying%%S.S.Ying%Viola xibaoensis%New Taxa New Names%4: 45%2022%%%%%%Taiwan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 267063-2%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Suksd.%%Suksd.%Viola xylorrhiza%Werdenda%1: 25%1927%%%%%%Washington (Northwestern U.S.A., Northern America)%tax. nov. 869558-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola yakusimana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 35%1922%%%%%%%unknown 869559-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Ishid.%%Ishid.%Viola yamatsutai%Journ. Chosen Nat. Hist. Soc.%No. 8, 18 (1929)%%%%%%%%unknown 869560-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola yatabei%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 122%1902%%%%%%%unknown 869561-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola yazawana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%16: 158%1902%%%%%%%unknown 869562-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Makino%%Makino%Viola yedoensis%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%26: 148%1912%%%%%%%unknown 892737-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(K.Nakaj.) K.Nakaj.%(K.Nakaj.)%K.Nakaj.%Viola yedoensis f. micrantha%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 892738-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(K.Nakaj.) K.Nakaj.%(K.Nakaj.)%K.Nakaj.%Viola yedoensis f. pallescens%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 892739-1%1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(Nakai) Hashimoto ex E.Hama%(Nakai)%Hashimoto ex E.Hama%Viola yedoensis var. pseudojaponica%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 340%1976%%%%%%%unknown 892740-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(K.Nakaj.) K.Nakaj.%(K.Nakaj.)%K.Nakaj.%Viola yedoensis f. pubescens%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 892741-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola yedoensis f. sonoharae%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 340%1976%%%%%%%unknown 892742-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%f.%(K.Nakaj.) K.Nakaj.%(K.Nakaj.)%K.Nakaj.%Viola yedoensis f. viridescens%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 869563-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Maxim.%%Maxim.%Viola yezoensis%Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg%xxiii. (1877) 325.%%%%%%%%unknown 892743-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%E.Hama%%E.Hama%Viola yezoensis var. asoana%J. Jap. Bot.%51(11): 341%1976%%%%%%%unknown 60453805-2%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%Honda%%Honda%Viola yezoensis var. dissecta%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%52(615): 140 (-141)%1938%%%%%%Japan (Eastern Asia, Asia-Temperate)%tax. nov. 955591-1%1.1.2.1.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%var.%(J.W.Wang & T.G.Ma) J.W.Wang & J.Yang%(J.W.Wang & T.G.Ma)%J.W.Wang & J.Yang%Viola yezoensis var. hopeiensis%Acta Phytotax. Sin.%27(3): 202%1989%%%Violaceae Viola hopeiensis%%%%comb. nov. 20012299-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Dinç & Bağcı%%Dinç & Bağcı%Viola yildirimlii%Bot. J. Linn. Soc.%141(4): 477 (2003)%2003%%%%%%Turkey%tax. nov. 77327544-1%1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola yrameae%Int. Rock Gard.%153: 11%2022%%Etymology: 'The plant is named for the symbiotic association of this particular species as well as the subgenus as a whole with fritillary butterflies of the monophagous genus Yramea'.%%%%Neuquén (Argentina South, Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov. 869564-1%1.2.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Nakai%%Nakai%Viola yubariana%Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)%36: 31%1922%%%%%%%unknown 869565-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker & Boissieu%%W.Becker & Boissieu%Viola yunnanensis%Bull. Herb. Boissier%Ser. II. viii. 740 (1908).%%%%%%%%unknown 869566-1%1.2.1.2.1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%W.Becker%%W.Becker%Viola yunnanfuensis%Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew%1928(6): 248%1928%%%%%%%unknown 1019472-1%1.4%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Vl.V.Nikitin%%Vl.V.Nikitin%Viola × yurii%Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)%86(1): 144%2001%%%%%%South European Russia.%tax. nov. 1005549-1%1.5%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%A.P.Khokhr.%%A.P.Khokhr.%Viola yuzufelensis%Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada%175: 53 (1997), as 'yzufelensis'%1997%%%%%%Turkey.%tax. nov. 869567-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Benz%%Benz%Viola zahnii%Oesterr. Bot. Z.%53: 376%1903%%%%%%%unknown 869568-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Żmuda%%Żmuda%Viola zapalowiczii%in Sprawozd. Akad. Umiejetn. Krakow.%liii-liv. 69 (1920), hybr.%%%%%%%%unknown 869569-1%1.2.1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Zapał.%%Zapał.%Viola zarencznyi%Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat.%1914(4B): 457%1914%%%%%%%unknown 869570-1%1.3%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Tul.%%Tul.%Viola zongia%Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.%sér. 5, 9: 300%1868%%%%%%%unknown 60435793-2%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%K.R.Thiele & Prober%%K.R.Thiele & Prober%Viola × zophodes%Muelleria%18: 21 (-24; fig. 6)%2003%%%%%%Victoria (Australia, Australasia)%tax. nov. 869571-1%1.1.2.1.1.1%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%Wulfen%%Wulfen%Viola zoysii%Collectanea%iv. 297%%%%%%%%unknown 77197629-1%1.2%Violaceae%%N%Viola%%spec.%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%%J.M.Watson & A.R.Flores%Viola × zwienenii%Int. Rock Gard.%113: 35%2019%%The nothospecific epithet is named after its discoverer, the Dutch amateur naturalist and indefatigable globetrotter Kees Jan van Zwienen.%%%%Argentina Northwest (Southern South America, Southern America)%tax. nov.